Python random模塊

 random模塊

用於生成隨機數

import random

print(random.random())
print(random.randint(1, 100))
print(random.randrange(1,100))

輸出結果：
0.18246795790915304
46
66　　

 生成隨機驗證碼

import random

checkcode = ''
for i in range(6):
    current = random.randrange(0, 6)
    if current != i:
        temp = chr(random.randint(65, 90))
    else:
        temp = random.randint(0, 9)

    checkcode += str(temp)
print(checkcode)

輸入結果：
7DWLGY　　

 randint和randrange的區別

##########randint##########


def randint(self, a, b):
    """Return random integer in range [a, b], including both end points.
    """

    return self.randrange(a, b+1)　　

 

##########randrange##########

    def randrange(self, start, stop=None, step=1, _int=int):
        """Choose a random item from range(start, stop[, step]).

        This fixes the problem with randint() which includes the
        endpoint; in Python this is usually not what you want.

        """

        # This code is a bit messy to make it fast for the
        # common case while still doing adequate error checking.
        istart = _int(start)
        if istart != start:
            raise ValueError("non-integer arg 1 for randrange()")
        if stop is None:
            if istart > 0:
                return self._randbelow(istart)
            raise ValueError("empty range for randrange()")

        # stop argument supplied.
        istop = _int(stop)
        if istop != stop:
            raise ValueError("non-integer stop for randrange()")
        width = istop - istart
        if step == 1 and width > 0:
            return istart + self._randbelow(width)
        if step == 1:
            raise ValueError("empty range for randrange() (%d,%d, %d)" % (istart, istop, width))

        # Non-unit step argument supplied.
        istep = _int(step)
        if istep != step:
            raise ValueError("non-integer step for randrange()")
        if istep > 0:
            n = (width + istep - 1) // istep
        elif istep < 0:
            n = (width + istep + 1) // istep
        else:
            raise ValueError("zero step for randrange()")

        if n <= 0:
            raise ValueError("empty range for randrange()")

        return istart + istep*self._randbelow(n)