【轉】nvidia-smi 命令解讀

轉自：http://www.cnblogs.com/nowornever-L/p/6934605.html

轉自：http://blog.csdn.net/bruce_0712/article/details/63683787

 

nvidia-smi是用來查看GPU使用情況的。我常用這個命令判斷哪幾塊GPU空閑，但是最近的GPU使用狀態讓我很困惑，於是把nvidia-smi命令顯示的GPU使用表中各個內容的具體含義解釋一下。

這是服務器上特斯拉K80的信息。 
上面的表格中： 
第一欄的Fan：N/A是風扇轉速，從0到100%之間變動，這個速度是計算機期望的風扇轉速，實際情況下如果風扇堵轉，可能打不到顯示的轉速。有的設備不會返回轉速，因為它不依賴風扇冷卻而是通過其他外設保持低溫（比如我們實驗室的服務器是常年放在空調房間里的）。 
第二欄的Temp：是溫度，單位攝氏度。 
第三欄的Perf：是性能狀態，從P0到P12，P0表示最大性能，P12表示狀態最小性能。 
第四欄下方的Pwr：是能耗，上方的Persistence-M：是持續模式的狀態，持續模式雖然耗能大，但是在新的GPU應用啟動時，花費的時間更少，這里顯示的是off的狀態。 
第五欄的Bus-Id是涉及GPU總線的東西，domain:bus:device.function 
第六欄的Disp.A是Display Active，表示GPU的顯示是否初始化。 
第五第六欄下方的Memory Usage是顯存使用率。 
第七欄是浮動的GPU利用率。 
第八欄上方是關於ECC的東西。 
第八欄下方Compute M是計算模式。 
下面一張表示每個進程占用的顯存使用率。

顯存占用和GPU占用是兩個不一樣的東西，顯卡是由GPU和顯存等組成的，顯存和GPU的關系有點類似於內存和CPU的關系。我跑caffe代碼的時候顯存占得少，GPU占得多，師弟跑TensorFlow代碼的時候，顯存占得多，GPU占得少。

 

背景

qgzang@ustc:~$ nvidia-smi -h

輸出如下信息：

NVIDIA System Management Interface – v352.79

NVSMI provides monitoring information for Tesla and select Quadro devices. 
The data is presented in either a plain text or an XML format, via stdout or a file. 
NVSMI also provides several management operations for changing the device state.

Note that the functionality of NVSMI is exposed through the NVML C-based 
library. See the NVIDIA developer website for more information about NVML. 
Python wrappers to NVML are also available. The output of NVSMI is 
not guaranteed to be backwards compatible; NVML and the bindings are backwards 
compatible.

http://developer.nvidia.com/nvidia-management-library-nvml/ 
http://pypi.python.org/pypi/nvidia-ml-py/

Supported products:

• Full Support 
  
  • All Tesla products, starting with the Fermi architecture
  • All Quadro products, starting with the Fermi architecture
  • All GRID products, starting with the Kepler architecture
  • GeForce Titan products, starting with the Kepler architecture
• Limited Support 
  
  • All Geforce products, starting with the Fermi architecture

命令

nvidia-smi [OPTION1 [ARG1]] [OPTION2 [ARG2]] ...

參數

參數	詳解
-h, –help	Print usage information and exit.

LIST OPTIONS:

參數	詳解
-L, –list-gpus	Display a list of GPUs connected to the system.

qgzang@ustc:~$ nvidia-smi -L GPU 0: GeForce GTX TITAN X (UUID: GPU-xxxxx-xxx-xxxxx-xxx-xxxxxx)

SUMMARY OPTIONS:

參數	詳解
-i,–id=	Target a specific GPU.
-f,–filename=	Log to a specified file, rather than to stdout.
-l,–loop=	Probe until Ctrl+C at specified second interval.

QUERY OPTIONS:

參數	詳解
-q,	–query
-u,–unit	Show unit, rather than GPU, attributes.
-i,–id=	Target a specific GPU or Unit.
-f,–filename=	Log to a specified file, rather than to stdout.
-x,–xml-format	Produce XML output.
–dtd	When showing xml output, embed DTD.
-d,–display=	Display only selected information: MEMORY,
-l, –loop=	Probe until Ctrl+C at specified second interval.
-lms, –loop-ms=	Probe until Ctrl+C at specified millisecond interval.

SELECTIVE QUERY OPTIONS:

參數	詳解	補充
–query-gpu=	Information about GPU.	Call –help-query-gpu for more info.
–query-supported-clocks=	List of supported clocks.	Call –help-query-supported-clocks for more info.
–query-compute-apps=	List of currently active compute processes.	Call –help-query-compute-apps for more info.
–query-accounted-apps=	List of accounted compute processes.	Call –help-query-accounted-apps for more info.
–query-retired-pages=	List of device memory pages that have been retired.	Call –help-query-retired-pages for more info.

[mandatory]

參數	命令
-i, –id=	Target a specific GPU or Unit.
-f, –filename=	Log to a specified file, rather than to stdout.
-l, –loop=	Probe until Ctrl+C at specified second interval.
-lms, –loop-ms=	Probe until Ctrl+C at specified millisecond interval.

DEVICE MODIFICATION OPTIONS:

參數	命令	補充
-pm, –persistence-mode=	Set persistence mode: 0/DISABLED, 1/ENABLED
-e, –ecc-config=	Toggle ECC support: 0/DISABLED, 1/ENABLED
-p, –reset-ecc-errors=	Reset ECC error counts: 0/VOLATILE, 1/AGGREGATE
-c, –compute-mode=	Set MODE for compute applications:	0/DEFAULT,1/EXCLUSIVE_THREAD (deprecated),2/PROHIBITED, 3/EXCLUSIVE_PROCESS
–gom=	Set GPU Operation Mode:	0/ALL_ON, 1/COMPUTE, 2/LOW_DP
-r –gpu-reset	Trigger reset of the GPU.

UNIT MODIFICATION OPTIONS:

參數	命令
-t, –toggle-led=	Set Unit LED state: 0/GREEN, 1/AMBER
-i, –id=	Target a specific Unit.

SHOW DTD OPTIONS:

參數	命令
–dtd	Print device DTD and exit.
-f, –filename=	Log to a specified file, rather than to stdout.
-u, –unit	Show unit, rather than device, DTD.
–debug=	Log encrypted debug information to a specified file.

Process Monitoring:

參數	命令	補充
pmon	Displays process stats in scrolling format.	“nvidia-smi pmon -h” for more information.

TOPOLOGY: (EXPERIMENTAL)

參數	命令	補充
topo	Displays device/system topology. “nvidia-smi topo -h” for more information.	Please see the nvidia-smi(1) manual page for more detailed information.