Linux 150命令之 文件和目錄操作命令 chattr lsattr find

chattr添加隱藏權限

lsattr查看隱藏權限

參數 a文件內容不能刪除，只能追加 >>

1. [root@mysql tmp]# chattr +a 1.txt
2. [root@mysql tmp]# lsattr 1.txt
3. -----a-------e- 1.txt
4. [root@mysql tmp]# echo aaaa >> 1.txt
5. [root@mysql tmp]# cat 1.txt
6. 1234
7. aaaa
8. [root@mysql tmp]# echo bbbb > 1.txt
9. -bash: 1.txt: Operation not permitted

刪除原來內容報錯

參數 i無法刪除文件

1. [root@mysql tmp]# chattr +i 1.txt
2. [root@mysql tmp]# lsattr 1.txt
3. ----ia-------e- 1.txt
4. [root@mysql tmp]# rm 1.txt
5. rm: remove regular file `1.txt'? y
6. rm: cannot remove `1.txt': Operation not permitted

刪除文件內容報錯

find尋找文件或者目錄

find 目錄 類型 名字

參數：

-type f 普通文件

-name 文件名字或者類型

1. [root@mysql tmp]# find / -type f -name "1.txt"
2. /usr/bin/1.txt
3. /tmp/1.txt
4. /home/koorey/1.txt

-type d 目錄文件

1. [root@mysql /]# find / -type d -name "123"
2. /mnt/123

- mtime 根據時間找出文件

+7 7天之前

1. [root@mysql /]# find /var/log -type f -mtime +7
2. /var/log/rsyncd.log
3. /var/log/samba/log.smbd.old
4. /var/log/samba/log.pc201710111954
5. /var/log/samba/log.10.0.0.1
6. /var/log/samba/log.smbd
7. /var/log/messages-20171001

- 7 七天之內

1. [root@mysql /]# find /var/log -type f -mtime -7
2. /var/log/lastlog
3. /var/log/wtmp
4. /var/log/yum.log
5. /var/log/secure
6. /var/log/ConsoleKit/history
7. /var/log/dmesg
8. /var/log/messages
9. /var/log/mysqld.log
10. /var/log/boot.log

-maxdepth 目錄最大深度

1. [root@mysql /]# find /var -type d -maxdepth 1
2. find: warning: you have specified the -maxdepth option after a non-option argument -type, but options are not positional (-maxdepth affects tests specified before it as well as those specified after it). Please specify options before other arguments.
3.  
4. /var
5. /var/cvs
6. /var/db
7. /var/run
8. /var/lib
9. /var/account
10. /var/log
11. /var/local

*號 任意文件

1. [root@mysql /]# find / -type f -name "*.txt"
2. /lib/firmware/ivtv-firmware-license-oemihvisv.txt
3. /lib/firmware/ivtv-firmware-license-end-user.txt
4. /var/cache/yum/x86_64/6/timedhosts.txt
5. /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/argparse-1.2.1-py2.6.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
6. /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/argparse-1.2.1-py2.6.egg-info/top_level.txt
7. /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/argparse-1.2.1-py2.6.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
8. /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/paramiko-1.7.5-py2.6.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
9. /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/paramiko-1.7.5-py2.6.egg-info/top_level.txt
10. /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/paramiko-1.7.5-py2.6.egg-info/requires.txt
11. /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/paramiko-1.7.5-py2.6.egg-info/dependency_links.txt

！取反

1. [root@mysql mnt]# find -type f ! -name "1.txt"
2. ./6.txt
3. ./5.txt
4. ./4.txt
5. ./3.txt
6. ./2.txt

xargs 管道 （執行命令）

1. [root@mysql tmp]# find -type f -name "1.txt" | xargs cat
2. 1234
3. aaaa

cat 查看文件內容

xargs 先找到文件然后執行 查看命令

-inum + inode號 查找inode號所屬的文件

inode號 文件軟鏈接

1. [root@mysql /]# find / -inum 267356
2. /tmp/1.txt

-exec 跟管道命令差不多

1. [root@mysql /]# find / -type f -inum 267356 -exec cat {} \;
2. 1234
3. aaaa

rm 刪除命令

 

1. [root@mysql tmp]# rm 1.txt
2. rm: remove regular file `1.txt'? y
3. [root@mysql tmp]# ls
4. yum_save_tx-2017-10-12-23-03CsKn4P.yumtx yyy

-r 遞歸 刪除 目錄

1. [root@mysql tmp]# ls
2. ttt yum_save_tx-2017-10-12-23-03CsKn4P.yumtx yyy
3. [root@mysql tmp]# rm -r ttt
4. rm: remove directory `ttt'? y
5. [root@mysql tmp]# ls
6. yum_save_tx-2017-10-12-23-03CsKn4P.yumtx yyy

-f 不提示刪除

1. [root@mysql tmp]# rm -rf yyy
2. [root@mysql tmp]# ls
3. yum_save_tx-2017-10-12-23-03CsKn4P.yumtx

tree查看目錄

-d 查看文件目錄

1. [root@mysql sysconfig]# tree -d
2. .
3. ├── cbq
4. ├── console
5. ├── modules
6. ├── networking
7. │?? ├── devices
8. │?? └── profiles
9. │?? └── default
10. └── network-scripts

-L 查看幾層目錄

1. [root@mysql sysconfig]# tree -L 2
2. .
3. ├── acpid
4. ├── atd
5. ├── auditd
6. ├── authconfig
7. ├── cbq
8. │ ├── avpkt
9. │ └── cbq-0000.example

查看 2層目錄