一、安裝redis
1、安裝gcc環境
yum install gcc-c++
2、下載源碼包並解壓
wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.2.4.tar.gz tar -zxvf redis-3.2.4.tar.gz cd redis-3.2.4
3、安裝ruby2.4.1並編譯（一定要安裝大於2.2.2的ruby，要不然redis在make的時候會報錯）
wget http://ftp.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/2.4/ruby-2.4.1.tar.gz
tar -zxvf ruby-2.4.1.tar.gz
cd ruby-2.4.1
mkdir -p /usr/local/ruby
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/ruby
make && make install
ln -s /usr/local/ruby/bin/ruby /usr/bin/ruby
4、安裝
make
make install PREFIX=/usr/local/redis cp redis.conf /usr/local/redis/bin/redis.conf chmod /usr/local/redis/bin/redis.conf
5、啟動redis
./redis-server redis.conf
6、驗證
[root@host-172-16-80-177 bin]# ./redis-cli -p 6379 127.0.0.1:6379> get (error) ERR wrong number of arguments for 'get' command 127.0.0.1:6379> set aa hzb OK 127.0.0.1:6379> get aa "hzb"
二、搭建redis集群（集群模式）
1、在/usr/local/下面創建redis-cluster目錄
mkdir -p /usr/local/redis-cluster
2、復制/usr/local/redis/bin目錄到redis-cluster里面並重命名為redis1
cd /usr/local
cp -r redis/bin redis-cluster/redis1
3、將redis1在同目錄復制3份分別起名redis2,redis3,redis4,redis5,redis6（必須6個節點以上才能創建集群）
[root@host-172-16-80-177 redis-cluster]# pwd /usr/local/redis-cluster [root@host-172-16-80-177 redis-cluster]# cp -r redis1 redis2 [root@host-172-16-80-177 redis-cluster]# cp -r redis1 redis3 [root@host-172-16-80-177 redis-cluster]# cp -r redis1 redis4 [root@host-172-16-80-177 redis-cluster]# cp -r redis1 redis5 [root@host-172-16-80-177 redis-cluster]# cp -r redis1 redis6
分別修改為redis-7001.conf,redis-7002.conf 后面依次到redis-7006.conf
以redis-7001為例：
daemonize yes Port 7001 logfile "./redis-7001.log" protected-mode no pidfile /var/run/redis_7001.pid cluster-enabled yes
4、將redis-trib.rb復到制redis-cluster目錄里面
[root@host-172-16-80-177 redis-cluster]# cp /root/redis-3.2.4/src/redis-trib.rb . [root@host-172-16-80-177 redis-cluster]# ll total 76 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 19 22:37 redis1 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 19 22:48 redis2 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 19 22:49 redis3 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 19 22:49 redis4 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 19 22:49 redis5 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 19 22:49 redis6 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 60852 Oct 19 22:52 redis-trib.rb
5、安裝gem
yum install rubygems -y
6、安裝ruby的redis包
gem install redis
上面這一步可能會出現：
ERROR: Loading command: install (LoadError)
cannot load such file -- zlib
ERROR: While executing gem ... (NoMethodError)
undefined method `invoke_with_build_args' for nil:NilClass
解決辦法是：
- 進入ruby源碼文件夾
- 安裝ruby自身提供的zlib包
#cd ext/zlib #ruby ./extconf.rb #make #make install
- 進入ruby源碼文件夾
- 安裝ruby自身提供的openssl包
#cd ext/openssl
#ruby ./extconf.rb #make #make install
如果執行make的時候報錯：make: *** No rule to make target ，
錯誤原因：makefile里面的文件依賴關系有問題，導致頭文件找不到。
解決辦法：打開編譯相關模塊的makefile文件，找到.o文件的依賴關系，找到.h文件的路徑，查看是否出錯並改正。
原因分析：這種情況有時候是因為工程所在的目錄改變，例如原來在C盤，現在移到了D盤，而makefile里面的.h文件路徑沒有改變
以上問題解決后再執行：
[root@host-172-16-80-177 include]# gem install redis Fetching: redis-4.0.1.gem (100%) Successfully installed redis-4.0.1 Parsing documentation for redis-4.0.1 Installing ri documentation for redis-4.0.1 Done installing documentation for redis after 1 seconds 1 gem installed
表示ruby的redis依賴包安裝成功。
7、分別進入redis1,redis2,redis3,redis4,redis5,redis6里面執行
./redis-server redis-7001.conf
......
將四個節點啟動
[root@host-172-16-80-177 redis4]# ps -ef|grep redis root 3167 1 0 02:49 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server 127.0.0.1:7001 [cluster] root 3176 1 0 02:50 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server 127.0.0.1:7002 [cluster] root 3187 1 0 02:51 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server 127.0.0.1:7003 [cluster] root 3191 1 0 02:52 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server 127.0.0.1:7004 [cluster] root 3191 1 0 02:52 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server 127.0.0.1:7005 [cluster] root 3191 1 0 02:52 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server 127.0.0.1:7006 [cluster] root 3195 1852 0 02:52 pts/0 00:00:00 grep redis
8、用redis-trib.rb構建集群
cd /usr/local/redis-cluster/
[root@host-172-16-80-177 redis-cluster]# ./redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 172.16.80.177:7001 172.16.80.177:7002 172.16.80.177:7003 172.16.80.177:7004 172.16.80.177:7005 172.16.80.177:7006 >>> Creating cluster [ERR] Sorry, can't connect to node 172.16.80.177:7001
以上錯誤原因是redis.conf里面未開起遠程訪問
打開每個redis里面的.conf文件，找到
# JUST COMMENT THE FOLLOWING LINE. # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ bind 127.0.0.1 # Protected mode is a layer of security protection, in order to avoid that # Redis instances left open on the internet are accessed and exploited.
將上面的bind 127.0.0.1改成bind 172.16.80.177(外部可以訪問的ip)，然后重啟各服務
root 3383 1 0 03:12 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server 172.16.80.177:7001 [cluster] root 3458 1 0 03:20 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server 172.16.80.177:7002 [cluster] root 3464 1 0 03:20 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server 172.16.80.177:7003 [cluster] root 3470 1 0 03:20 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server 172.16.80.177:7004 [cluster] root 3506 1 0 03:25 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server 172.16.80.177:7005 [cluster] root 3518 1 0 03:25 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server 172.16.80.177:7006 [cluster] root 3523 1852 0 03:26 pts/0 00:00:00 grep redis
再用redis-trib.rb創建集群：
[root@host-172-16-80-177 redis-cluster]# ./redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 172.16.80.177:7001 172.16.80.177:7002 172.16.80.177:7003 172.16.80.177:7004 172.16.80.177:7005 172.16.80.177:7006 >>> Creating cluster >>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes... Using 3 masters: 172.16.80.177:7001 172.16.80.177:7002 172.16.80.177:7003 Adding replica 172.16.80.177:7004 to 172.16.80.177:7001 Adding replica 172.16.80.177:7005 to 172.16.80.177:7002 Adding replica 172.16.80.177:7006 to 172.16.80.177:7003 M: 40bbe8a979fe39f1f0941cc8e118443436fc71d8 172.16.80.177:7001 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master M: e6b76ee1540c9be6c44abc3dec42378f8cfd0191 172.16.80.177:7002 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master M: fdc248e24bd9f8690c652213a5781f4e567208e8 172.16.80.177:7003 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master S: 38faede9dd348983b1b8b80edc975e8d34105e5c 172.16.80.177:7004 replicates 40bbe8a979fe39f1f0941cc8e118443436fc71d8 S: 38faede9dd348983b1b8b80edc975e8d34105e5c 172.16.80.177:7005 replicates e6b76ee1540c9be6c44abc3dec42378f8cfd0191 S: 38faede9dd348983b1b8b80edc975e8d34105e5c 172.16.80.177:7006 replicates fdc248e24bd9f8690c652213a5781f4e567208e8 Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes >>> Nodes configuration updated >>> Assign a different config epoch to each node >>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the cluster Waiting for the cluster to join... >>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 172.16.80.177:7001) M: 40bbe8a979fe39f1f0941cc8e118443436fc71d8 172.16.80.177:7001 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master 1 additional replica(s) M: e6b76ee1540c9be6c44abc3dec42378f8cfd0191 172.16.80.177:7002 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master 0 additional replica(s) S: 38faede9dd348983b1b8b80edc975e8d34105e5c 172.16.80.177:7004 slots: (0 slots) slave replicates 40bbe8a979fe39f1f0941cc8e118443436fc71d8 M: fdc248e24bd9f8690c652213a5781f4e567208e8 172.16.80.177:7003 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master 0 additional replica(s) [OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration. >>> Check for open slots... >>> Check slots coverage... [OK] All 16384 slots covered.
至此，redis集群創建成功
9、驗證集群是否成功
[root@host-172-16-80-177 redis2]# ./redis-cli -h 172.16.80.177 -c -p 7002 172.16.80.177:7002> set hello helloword -> Redirected to slot [866] located at 172.16.80.177:7001 OK
172.16.80.177:7006> get hello -> Redirected to slot [866] located at 172.16.80.177:7001 "helloword"
三、搭建redis集群（哨兵模式）
1、在/usr/local/下面創建redis-sentinel目錄
mkdir -p /usr/local/redis-sentinel
2、將一大節中的/usr/local/redis/bin復制到redis-sentinel目錄底下起名叫redis1,redis2,redis3,redis4,sentinel1,sentinel2
修改4個redis的配置文件（以redis1為例，將redis.conf重命名為redis-7001.conf）
daemonize yes Port 7001 #Bind 127.0.0.1 logfile "./redis-7001.log"
protected-mode no
cluster-config-file nodes-7001.conf
其他三個redis的端口號為7002,7003,7004
3、將redis解壓包里面的sentinel.conf復制到sentinel1和sentinel2里面並重命名為sentinel-7005.conf,sentinel-7006.conf，並賦予可執行權限
修改配置（以sentinel-7005.conf為例）
port 7005 sentinel monitor mymaster 172.16.80.177 7001 2
protected-mode no
注：我們稍后要啟動四個redis實例，其中端口為7001的redis設為master，其他三個設為slave 。所以my mymaster 后跟的是master的ip和端口，最后一個’2’代表我要啟動只要有2個sentinel認為master下線，就認為該master客觀下線，啟動failover並選舉產生新的master。通常最后一個參數不能多於啟動的sentinel實例數。
4.啟動4個redis實例
./redis-server redis-7001.conf ......
[root@host-172-16-80-177 redis4]# ps -ef|grep redis root 29967 1 0 22:02 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server 172.16.80.177:7001 root 29971 1 0 22:02 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server 172.16.80.177:7002 root 29976 1 0 22:02 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server 172.16.80.177:7003 root 29985 1 0 22:02 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server 172.16.80.177:7004
然后分別登陸7002 7003 7004三個實例，動態改變主從關系，成為7001的slave:
./redis-cli -h 172.16.80.177 -p 7002 172.16.80.177:7002> SLAVEOF 172.16.80.177 7001
5、以后台啟動模式啟動兩個sentinel（哨兵）:
[root@host-172-16-80-177 sentinel1]# ./redis-sentinel sentinel-7005.conf & [1] 30038 [root@host-172-16-80-177 sentinel1]# 30038:X 22 Oct 22:10:49.712 * Increased maximum number of open files to 10032 (it was originally set to 1024). _._ _.-``__ ''-._ _.-`` `. `_. ''-._ Redis 3.2.4 (00000000/0) 64 bit .-`` .-```. ```\/ _.,_ ''-._ ( ' , .-` | `, ) Running in sentinel mode |`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'| Port: 7005 | `-._ `._ / _.-' | PID: 30038 `-._ `-._ `-./ _.-' _.-' |`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'| | `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' | http://redis.io `-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-' |`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'| | `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' | `-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-' `-._ `-.__.-' _.-' `-._ _.-' `-.__.-' 30038:X 22 Oct 22:10:49.713 # WARNING: The TCP backlog setting of 511 cannot be enforced because /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn is set to the lower value of 128. 30038:X 22 Oct 22:10:49.744 # Sentinel ID is cbd44de127d84fd7d21f9e4a73e62b94c3b0ea00 30038:X 22 Oct 22:10:49.744 # +monitor master mymaster 172.16.80.177 7001 quorum 2 30038:X 22 Oct 22:10:49.745 * +slave slave 172.16.80.177:7004 172.16.80.177 7004 @ mymaster 172.16.80.177 7001 30038:X 22 Oct 22:10:49.768 * +slave slave 172.16.80.177:7002 172.16.80.177 7002 @ mymaster 172.16.80.177 7001 30038:X 22 Oct 22:10:49.792 * +slave slave 172.16.80.177:7003 172.16.80.177 7003 @ mymaster 172.16.80.177 7001
[root@host-172-16-80-177 redis-3.2.4]# ps -ef|grep sentinel root 30038 29505 0 22:10 pts/0 00:00:00 ./redis-sentinel *:7005 [sentinel] root 30059 29505 0 22:13 pts/0 00:00:00 ./redis-sentinel *:7006 [sentinel]
6、驗證
sentinel的基本命令
① INFO
sentinel的基本狀態信息
②SENTINEL masters
列出所有被監視的主服務器，以及這些主服務器的當前狀態
③ SENTINEL slaves
列出給定主服務器的所有從服務器，以及這些從服務器的當前狀態
④SENTINEL get-master-addr-by-name
返回給定名字的主服務器的 IP 地址和端口號
⑤SENTINEL reset
重置所有名字和給定模式 pattern 相匹配的主服務器。重置操作清除主服務器目前的所有狀態， 包括正在執行中的故障轉移， 並移除目前已經發現和關聯的， 主服務器的所有從服務器和 Sentinel 。
⑥SENTINEL failover
當主服務器失效時， 在不詢問其他 Sentinel 意見的情況下， 強制開始一次自動故障遷移，但是它會給其他sentinel發送一個最新的配置，其他sentinel會根據這個配置進行更新
[root@host-172-16-80-177 redis1]# ./redis-cli -h 172.16.80.177 -p 7001 172.16.80.177:7001> 172.16.80.177:7001> set name hzb OK 172.16.80.177:7001> get name "hzb" 172.16.80.177:7001> exit [root@host-172-16-80-177 redis1]# cd ../redis2 [root@host-172-16-80-177 redis2]# ./redis-cli -h 172.16.80.177 -p 7002 172.16.80.177:7002> get name "hzb" 172.16.80.177:7002> set age 32 (error) READONLY You can't write against a read only slave.
上面可以看到slave是只讀的
登錄一個sentinel，用sentinel masters命令查看哪個是master
[root@host-172-16-80-177 sentinel1]# ./redis-cli -h 172.16.80.177 -p 7005 172.16.80.177:7005> 172.16.80.177:7005> 172.16.80.177:7005> sentinel masters 1) 1) "name" 2) "mymaster" 3) "ip" 4) "172.16.80.177" 5) "port" 6) "7001" 7) "runid" 8) "8b5d064e4195a1ee6279f5fb06f3fa88e4605854" 9) "flags" 10) "master" 11) "link-pending-commands" 12) "0" 13) "link-refcount" 14) "1" 15) "last-ping-sent" 16) "0" 17) "last-ok-ping-reply" 18) "624" 19) "last-ping-reply" 20) "624" 21) "down-after-milliseconds" 22) "30000" 23) "info-refresh" 24) "5427" 25) "role-reported" 26) "master" 27) "role-reported-time" 28) "85727" 29) "config-epoch" 30) "0" 31) "num-slaves" 32) "3" 33) "num-other-sentinels" 34) "1" 35) "quorum" 36) "2" 37) "failover-timeout" 38) "180000" 39) "parallel-syncs" 40) "1"
目前7001是master, 我們強制kill掉 7001 的進程以后，可以看到sentinel打出的信息：
30325:X 22 Oct 22:51:24.138 # +sdown master mymaster 172.16.80.177 7001 30325:X 22 Oct 22:51:24.557 # +new-epoch 1 30325:X 22 Oct 22:51:24.599 # +vote-for-leader 3948b4c445549c51d67bf829553372bca8bc67c8 1 30325:X 22 Oct 22:51:25.174 # +config-update-from sentinel 3948b4c445549c51d67bf829553372bca8bc67c8 172.16.80.177 7006 @ mymaster 172.16.80.177 7001 30325:X 22 Oct 22:51:25.174 # +switch-master mymaster 172.16.80.177 7001 172.16.80.177 7003 30325:X 22 Oct 22:51:25.175 * +slave slave 172.16.80.177:7004 172.16.80.177 7004 @ mymaster 172.16.80.177 7003 30325:X 22 Oct 22:51:25.175 * +slave slave 172.16.80.177:7002 172.16.80.177 7002 @ mymaster 172.16.80.177 7003 30325:X 22 Oct 22:51:25.175 * +slave slave 172.16.80.177:7001 172.16.80.177 7001 @ mymaster 172.16.80.177 7003 30325:X 22 Oct 22:51:55.202 # +sdown slave 172.16.80.177:7001 172.16.80.177 7001 @ mymaster 172.16.80.177 7003
[root@host-172-16-80-177 sentinel1]# ./redis-cli -h 172.16.80.177 -p 7005 172.16.80.177:7005> sentinel masters 1) 1) "name" 2) "mymaster" 3) "ip" 4) "172.16.80.177" 5) "port" 6) "7003" 7) "runid" 8) "31721c8d1371697d78bf3c6acc2f8d4ba829825a" 9) "flags" 10) "master" 11) "link-pending-commands" 12) "0" 13) "link-refcount" 14) "1" 15) "last-ping-sent" 16) "0" 17) "last-ok-ping-reply" 18) "454" 19) "last-ping-reply" 20) "454" 21) "down-after-milliseconds" 22) "30000" 23) "info-refresh" 24) "7168" 25) "role-reported" 26) "master" 27) "role-reported-time" 28) "27254" 29) "config-epoch" 30) "1" 31) "num-slaves" 32) "3" 33) "num-other-sentinels" 34) "1" 35) "quorum" 36) "2" 37) "failover-timeout" 38) "180000" 39) "parallel-syncs" 40) "1"
上面顯示了，master自動從7001變成了7003節點
再次將7001啟動起來
30385:X 22 Oct 22:55:15.544 * +convert-to-slave slave 172.16.80.177:7001 172.16.80.177 7001 @ mymaster 172.16.80.177 7003
可以看到自動將7001變成了7003的slave
下面加一個批量啟動和停止的腳本：
#!/bin/bash start(){ ./redis1/redis-server ./redis1/redis.conf & ./redis2/redis-server ./redis2/redis.conf & ./redis3/redis-server ./redis3/redis.conf & ./redis4/redis-server ./redis4/redis.conf & ./sentinel1/redis-sentinel ./sentinel1/sentinel.conf & ./sentinel2/redis-sentinel ./sentinel2/sentinel.conf & } stop(){ ps -ef | grep "redis" | grep -v "grep" |awk '{print $2}'| while read pid do C_PID=$(ps --no-heading $pid | wc -l) echo "當前PID=$pid" if [[ $C_PID == "1" ]]; then kill -9 $pid echo "PID=$pid 已經結束" else echo "PID=$pid 不存在" fi done } case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; restart) stop start ;; *) printf 'Usage: %s {start|stop|restart}\n'"$prog" exit 1 ;; esac