linux下ntp服務器搭建方法

環境

軟件：fedora14，裝在virtualbox虛擬機上
硬件：x86

具體步驟

檢查是否安裝了ntp

運行如下命令：

rpm -qa | grep ntp

如果有如下輸出，表示有安裝ntp 服務器

ntp-4******** 

如果有如下輸出，表示有安裝ntp客戶端

ntpdate-****** 

如果沒有安裝，執行 yum -y install ntp

修改ntp的配置文件

用文件ntp.conf替換掉/etc/ntp.conf文件，ntp.conf內容如下

    # For more information about this file, see the man pages
    # ntp.conf(5), ntp_acc(5), ntp_auth(5), ntp_clock(5), ntp_misc(5), ntp_mon(5).

    driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift

    # Permit time synchronization with our time source, but do not
    # permit the source to query or modify the service on this system.

    # rongp comment
    #restrict default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
    #restrict -6 default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
    restrict 192.168.1.94
    restrict 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 nomodify
    # Permit all access over the loopback interface. This could
    # be tightened as well, but to do so would effect some of
    # the administrative functions.
    # rongp comment
    # restrict 127.0.0.1
    # restrict -6 ::1

    # Hosts on local network are less restricted.
    #restrict 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 nomodify notrap
    server ntp.amnic.net prefer
    server time.windows.com prefer
    server time-nw.nist.gov prefer
    server time.nist.gov prefer

    restrict ntp.amnic.net
    restrict time.windows.com
    restrict time-nw.nist.gov
    restrict time.nist.gov prefer

    # Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project.
    # Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html).
    # rongp comment
    # server 0.fedora.pool.ntp.org iburst
    # server 1.fedora.pool.ntp.org iburst
    # server 2.fedora.pool.ntp.org iburst
    # server 3.fedora.pool.ntp.org iburst

    #broadcast 192.168.1.255 autokey # broadcast server
    #broadcastclient # broadcast client
    #broadcast 224.0.1.1 autokey # multicast server
    #multicastclient 224.0.1.1 # multicast client
    #manycastserver 239.255.254.254 # manycast server
    #manycastclient 239.255.254.254 autokey # manycast client

    # Undisciplined Local Clock. This is a fake driver intended for backup
    # and when no outside source of synchronized time is available.
    server 127.127.1.0 # local clock
    fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 10

    # Enable public key cryptography.
    #crypto

    includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw

    # Key file containing the keys and key identifiers used when operating
    # with symmetric key cryptography.
    keys /etc/ntp/keys

    # Specify the key identifiers which are trusted.
    #trustedkey 4 8 42

    # Specify the key identifier to use with the ntpdc utility.
    #requestkey 8

    # Specify the key identifier to use with the ntpq utility.
    #controlkey 8

    # Enable writing of statistics records.
    #statistics clockstats cryptostats loopstats peerstats

重啟ntp服務器

執行命令： service ntpd restart

檢查是否正常開啟ntp服務器

執行命令： ps -ef | grep ntpd | grep -v grep

如果有輸出表示已開啟，然后用客戶端進一步測試能否正常同步到該ntp服務器，用另外一台電腦（需要安裝ntpdate)，執行ntpdate ntp服務器地址 eg: ntpdate 192.168.1.94

如果有如下類似輸出：

28 May 17:33:39 ntpdate[29134]: step time server 192.168.1.94 offset 3.174187 sec

表示同步成功。

注意：剛開啟的ntp服務器需要過幾分鍾后客戶端才能夠去同步，因為ntp服務器本身要和遠程ntp服務器同步需要時間，因此可能會遇到如下出錯信息：

28 May 17:32:00 ntpdate[29104]: no server suitable for synchronization found

這種情況，過幾分鍾后再試試，這個情況還可能是其他原因導致，這里不再描述。

附錄

配置文件說明：

restrict開頭的行，表示設置客戶端連接到本ntp服務器的權限
server開頭的行，表示設置本ntp服務器連接到遠程ntp服務器的地址
server 127.127.1.0 # local clock
fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 10

上面兩行的意思是如果server指定的服務器連接失敗，采用本地的時間來同步時間

完！
2012年6月