Mac下Tomcat安裝&配置&80默認端口設置

序言: 在學習Tomcat時, 部署虛擬服務主機時,遇到了無響應的情況.原以為是應為Tomcat默認端口8080在調整至(進行端口轉發設置)默認端口80會和Mac自帶Apache起沖突.但是也有同學使用Mac卻得到響應.這里筆者重新記錄一下.

 1 Tomcat的安裝 

1. 進入阿帕奇官網http://tomcat.apache.org/ 如下圖(最好點擊Which version 判斷你需要哪一個版本)

  　　      

　　2. 筆者使用8.5.23版本 兼容Java7以及之后的版本(由於先在大部分情況下公司使用Java6 or Java7)

　　點擊 Core下的tar.gz 開始下載

 

　　3.將下載好的文件該名稱為Tomcat方便后續使用

　　4.進入Mac下的資源庫(/Library/) 將文件夾放到該處

　　5 進入終端(Terminal) 輸入 以下命令行

~$ cd /Library/Tomcat/bin
~$ ./startup.sh

 　　./startup.sh表示開啟Tomcat服務器

　　此時在頁面地址欄輸入localhost:8080(127.0.0.1  Tomcat默認端口是8080)會出現可愛的小貓即Tomcat頁面

　　./shutdown.sh表示關閉服務器

　　注意:由於Mac是Unix,同Linux一樣1024以下端口是沒有監聽權限的,當將Tomcat設置為默認80端口是無法響應的

 2 設置默認80端口 

 

   mac下8080端口到80端口的轉發
   MAC OS 本質上還是 Unix 系統, Unix 系統大多默認情況下非root用戶是無法使用小於1024的常用端口的.這時候如果你開發中需要在普通用戶下用到80端口, 比如       tomcat, 比如 vitualbox 下構建了一個 http 服務, 若你想直接通過 瀏覽器的 localhost 訪問的話(不用加上莫名其妙的”:端口”的話)你就需要做一些系統端口轉發的工作.

 MAC OS 10.10 上 pfctl 就可以做這一件事情, 詳情請參見 

1、創建文件 :

 sudo vim /etc/pf.anchors/eclipse.tomcat.forwarding

文件內容 ： 

rdr pass on lo0 inet proto tcp from any to 127.0.0.1 port 80 -> 127.0.0.1 port 8080
rdr pass on lo0 inet proto tcp from any to 127.0.0.1 port 443 -> 127.0.0.1 port 8443
2、創建文件 :

sudo vim /etc/pf-tomcat.conf
文件內容 ：

rdr-anchor "forwarding"
load anchor "forwarding"from "/etc/pf.anchors/eclipse.tomcat.forwarding"
3、啟動
sudo pfctl -ef /etc/pf-tomcat.conf
執行結果
復制代碼
root@ymdeMacBook-Air etc# sudo pfctl -ef /etc/pf-tomcat.conf
pfctl: Use of -f option, could result in flushing of rules
present in the main ruleset added by the system at startup.
See /etc/pf.conf for further details.

No ALTQ support in kernel
ALTQ related functions disabled
pf enabled　
復制代碼
假設你的工程 http://localhost/myDemo.html 這時訪問你的web工程, 你會發現 http://localhost/myDemo.html 這個不需要8080端口即可訪問，加上 http://localhost:8080/myDemo.html 訪問不了。

4、關閉
sudo pfctl -d
執行結果
root@ymdeMacBook-Air etc# sudo pfctl -d
No ALTQ support in kernel
ALTQ related functions disabled
pf disabled
這時你訪問你的web工程, 你會發現 http://localhost/myDemo.html 這個訪問不了，加上 http://localhost:8080/myDemo.html 即可訪問。

或者全部關閉
pfctl -F all -f /etc/pf.conf

然並卵 本人依然無法使用80端口 localhost顯示 it works 是Apache服務器使用着

輸入以下代碼 查看80端口的占用情況

~$ lsof -i:80

SiegdeMacBook-Pro:bin Sieg$ lsof -i:80
COMMAND   PID USER   FD   TYPE             DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
Google    270 Sieg   63u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca9090a3144f      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63417->47.95.49.160:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg   64u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca909bced777      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63325->117.122.217.19:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg   95u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca90883bd777      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63386->117.122.217.19:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  124u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca90883b9777      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:62863->58.218.215.168:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  133u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca9090a2f06f      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63080->58.218.215.161:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  134u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca90909d544f      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63081->58.218.215.161:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  136u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca90883f344f      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63422->101.201.169.146:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  137u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca909bd94777      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63423->47.95.49.160:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  142u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca909c2ba967      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63424->47.95.49.160:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  145u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca909bd69e7f      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:62869->58.218.215.161:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  151u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca909c230777      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63427->117.122.217.6:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  152u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca90909d144f      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63428->117.122.217.6:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  153u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca909bd7306f      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63429->117.122.217.6:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  159u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca909bda844f      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63430->117.122.217.6:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  174u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca9090eebe7f      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:62984->58.218.215.161:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  185u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca909bd20b57      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63432->124.14.23.249:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  186u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca9090eaf25f      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63433->124.14.23.249:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  187u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca909bd70b57      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63434->124.14.23.249:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  188u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca909bdb0e7f      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63436->61.135.186.152:http (CLOSE_WAIT)
Google    270 Sieg  189u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca909bd13b57      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63435->61.135.162.115:http (CLOSE_WAIT)
Google    270 Sieg  192u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca908834125f      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:62906->117.122.217.6:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  193u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca909be1644f      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:62905->58.218.215.161:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  194u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca9090a38b57      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:62907->124.14.23.249:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  201u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca909bd19777      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63084->58.218.215.168:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  206u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca909bd2c25f      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:63089->117.122.217.6:http (ESTABLISHED)
Google    270 Sieg  239u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca9090ef106f      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:62989->124.14.14.215:http (ESTABLISHED)
lantern   442 Sieg   37u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca909c22a25f      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:50602->a23-41-75-27.deploy.static.akamaitechnologies.com:http (ESTABLISHED)
lantern   442 Sieg   42u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca909c0de44f      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:65367->a23-41-75-27.deploy.static.akamaitechnologies.com:http (ESTABLISHED)
lantern   442 Sieg   47u  IPv4 0x2fa1ca9090ef4777      0t0  TCP 192.168.1.101:62995->101.201.170.241:http (ESTABLISHED)

• 筆者關閉了lantern 並關閉了Apache服務器

關閉Apache

~$ sudo launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/org.apache.httpd.plist

啟動Apache

~$ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/org.apache.httpd.plist

• 關閉Apache之后,查看80端口 現在已經沒有占用情況了

重新設置80端口轉發

~$ sudo pfctl -ef /etc/pf-tomcat.conf

再去瀏覽器輸入localhost看看

成功了!!!