在requestAnimationFrame出現之前,我們一般都用setTimeout和setInterval,那么html5為什么新增一個requestAnimationFrame,他的出現是為了解決什么問題?
優勢與特點:
1)requestAnimationFrame會把每一幀中的所有DOM操作集中起來,在一次重繪或回流中就完成,並且重繪或回流的時間間隔緊緊跟隨瀏覽器的刷新頻率
2)在隱藏或不可見的元素中,requestAnimationFrame將不會進行重繪或回流,這當然就意味着更少的CPU、GPU和內存使用量
3)requestAnimationFrame是由瀏覽器專門為動畫提供的API,在運行時瀏覽器會自動優化方法的調用,並且如果頁面不是激活狀態下的話,動畫會自動暫停,有效節省了CPU開銷
一句話就是:這玩意性能高,不會卡屏,根據不同的瀏覽器自動調整幀率。如果看不懂或者不理解,也沒有什么關系,這玩意跟瀏覽器渲染原理有關。我們先學會使用它!
如何使用requestAnimationFrame?
使用方式跟定時器setTimeout差不多,不同之處在於,他不需要設置時間間隔參數
1 var timer = requestAnimationFrame( function(){ 2 console.log( '定時器代碼' ); 3 } );
參數是一個回調函數,返回值是一個整數,用來表示定時器的編號.
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> 6 <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> 7 <title>Document</title> 8 <script> 9 window.onload = function(){ 10 var aInput = document.querySelectorAll( "input" ), 11 timer = null; 12 aInput[0].onclick = function(){ 13 timer = requestAnimationFrame( function say(){ 14 console.log( 1 ); 15 timer = requestAnimationFrame( say ); 16 } ); 17 }; 18 aInput[1].onclick = function(){ 19 cancelAnimationFrame( timer ); 20 } 21 } 22 </script> 23 </head> 24 <body> 25 <input type="button" value="開啟"> 26 <input type="button" value="關閉"> 27 </body> 28 </html>
cancelAnimationFrame用來關閉定時器
這個方法需要處理兼容:
簡單的兼容:
1 window.requestAnimFrame = (function(){ 2 return window.requestAnimationFrame || 3 window.webkitRequestAnimationFrame || 4 window.mozRequestAnimationFrame || 5 function( callback ){ 6 window.setTimeout(callback, 1000 / 60); 7 }; 8 })();
如果瀏覽器都不認識AnimationFrame,就用setTimeout兼容.
運用3種不同的定時器(setTimeout, setInterval, requestAnimationFrame)實現一個進度條的加載
一、setInterval方式:
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> 6 <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> 7 <title>Document</title> 8 <style> 9 div{ 10 width:0px; 11 height:40px; 12 border-radius:20px; 13 background:#09f; 14 text-align:center; 15 font:bold 30px/40px '微軟雅黑'; 16 color:white; 17 } 18 </style> 19 <script> 20 window.onload = function(){ 21 var oBtn = document.querySelector( "input" ), 22 oBox = document.querySelector( "div" ), 23 timer = null, curWidth = 0, 24 getStyle = function( obj, name, value ){ 25 if( obj.currentStyle ) { 26 return obj.currentStyle[name]; 27 }else { 28 return getComputedStyle( obj, false )[name]; 29 } 30 }; 31 oBtn.onclick = function(){ 32 clearInterval( timer ); 33 oBox.style.width = '0'; 34 timer = setInterval( function(){ 35 curWidth = parseInt( getStyle( oBox, 'width' ) ); 36 if ( curWidth < 1000 ) { 37 oBox.style.width = oBox.offsetWidth + 10 + 'px'; 38 oBox.innerHTML = parseInt( getStyle( oBox, 'width' ) ) / 10 + '%'; 39 }else { 40 clearInterval( timer ); 41 } 42 }, 1000 / 60 ); 43 } 44 } 45 </script> 46 </head> 47 <body> 48 <div>0%</div> 49 <p><input type="button" value="ready!Go"></p> 50 </body> 51 </html>
二、setTimeout方式
1 <script> 2 window.onload = function(){ 3 var oBtn = document.querySelector( "input" ), 4 oBox = document.querySelector( "div" ), 5 timer = null, curWidth = 0, 6 getStyle = function( obj, name, value ){ 7 if( obj.currentStyle ) { 8 return obj.currentStyle[name]; 9 }else { 10 return getComputedStyle( obj, false )[name]; 11 } 12 }; 13 oBtn.onclick = function(){ 14 clearTimeout( timer ); 15 oBox.style.width = '0'; 16 timer = setTimeout( function go(){ 17 curWidth = parseInt( getStyle( oBox, 'width' ) ); 18 if ( curWidth < 1000 ) { 19 oBox.style.width = oBox.offsetWidth + 10 + 'px'; 20 oBox.innerHTML = parseInt( getStyle( oBox, 'width' ) ) / 10 + '%'; 21 timer = setTimeout( go, 1000 / 60 ); 22 }else { 23 clearInterval( timer ); 24 } 25 }, 1000 / 60 ); 26 } 27 } 28 </script>
三、requestAnimationFrame方式
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> 6 <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> 7 <title>Document</title> 8 <style> 9 div{ 10 width:0px; 11 height:40px; 12 border-radius:20px; 13 background:#09f; 14 text-align:center; 15 font:bold 30px/40px '微軟雅黑'; 16 color:white; 17 } 18 </style> 19 <script> 20 window.onload = function(){ 21 var oBtn = document.querySelector( "input" ), 22 oBox = document.querySelector( "div" ), 23 timer = null, curWidth = 0, 24 getStyle = function( obj, name, value ){ 25 if( obj.currentStyle ) { 26 return obj.currentStyle[name]; 27 }else { 28 return getComputedStyle( obj, false )[name]; 29 } 30 }; 31 oBtn.onclick = function(){ 32 cancelAnimationFrame( timer ); 33 oBox.style.width = '0'; 34 timer = requestAnimationFrame( function go(){ 35 curWidth = parseInt( getStyle( oBox, 'width' ) ); 36 if ( curWidth < 1000 ) { 37 oBox.style.width = oBox.offsetWidth + 10 + 'px'; 38 oBox.innerHTML = parseInt( getStyle( oBox, 'width' ) ) / 10 + '%'; 39 timer = requestAnimationFrame( go ); 40 }else { 41 cancelAnimationFrame( timer ); 42 } 43 } ); 44 } 45 } 46 </script> 47 </head> 48 <body> 49 <div>0%</div> 50 <p><input type="button" value="ready!Go"></p> 51 </body> 52 </html>