第一種:為普通java類中的某個方法配置跑批任務
- MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean
- CronTriggerBean
- SchedulerFactoryBean
1.定義要跑批的類和方法:
- package com.xy.utils.quartz;
- import org.joda.time.DateTime;
- import org.slf4j.Logger;
- import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
- /**
- * 測試定時器類
- * @author javaw
- *
- */
- public class TestQuartz {
- public static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestQuartz.class);
- public void TestMethod(){
- logger.info("Auto Execute TestMethod start! Date={}" ,new DateTime().toString("YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss" ));
- logger.info("**********測試跑批類************");
- logger.info("Auto Execute TestMethod end! Date={}" ,new DateTime().toString("YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss" ));
- }
- }
2.配置Spring定時器讓quartz自動執行testMethod方法:
- <!-- 實例化bean -->
- <bean id= "testMethodQuartz" class ="com.xy.utils.quartz.TestQuartz"/>
- <!-- 配置MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean -->
- <bean id= "testTaskMethod"
- class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
- <property name="targetObject" ref="testMethodQuartz"/>
- <property name="targetMethod" value="TestMethod"/>
- <property name="concurrent" value="false"/>
- </bean>
- <!-- 配置定時表達式 -->
- <bean id= "testTaskTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean" >
- <property name="jobDetail" ref="testTaskMethod" />
- <!-- 每一分鍾執行一次 -->
- <property name="cronExpression" value="0 0/1 * * * ?" />
- </bean>
- <!-- 配置調度工廠 -->
- <bean id= "testSchedulerFactoryBean"
- class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
- <property name="triggers" >
- <list>
- <ref bean="testTaskTrigger" />
- </list>
- </property>
- </bean>
3.寫測試方法進行調用(不用啟動tomcat):
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean = (SchedulerFactoryBean) SpringUtilsFromClassPathXml.getBean( "testSchedulerFactoryBean");
- //啟動調度器
- schedulerFactoryBean.start();
- }
第二種:為繼承QuartzJobBean的java類配置跑批任務
1.寫java類繼承QuartzJobBean,重寫executeInternal 方法:
- package com.xy.utils.quartz;
- import org.joda.time.DateTime;
- import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
- import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
- import org.slf4j.Logger;
- import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
- import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;
- import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean;
- /**
- * 測試繼承QuartzJobBean的java類配置定時器
- * @author javaw
- *
- */
- public class TestQuartzExtendsJobBean extends QuartzJobBean{
- private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestQuartzExtendsJobBean. class);
- @Override
- protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext context)
- throws JobExecutionException {
- logger.info("Auto Execute TestQuartzExtendsJobBean start! Date={}",new DateTime().toString( "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss"));
- logger.info("**********"+content.getMergedJobDataMap().get("descString")+"************");
- logger.info("Auto Execute TestQuartzExtendsJobBean end! Date={}",new DateTime().toString( "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss"));
- }
- }
2.配置文件:
- <!--
- 第二種:為繼承Quartz的java類實現跑批
- **********1.JobDetailBean
- **********2.CronTriggerBean
- **********3.SchedulerFactoryBean
- -->
- <bean id= "testJobDetailBean"
- class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean">
- <property name="name" value="exampleJob" />
- <property name="jobClass"
- value="com.xy.utils.quartz.TestQuartzExtendsJobBean"/>
- <!-- 可以封裝各種數據到JobExecutionContext里 -->
- <property name="jobDataAsMap">
- <map>
- <entry key="descString" value="測試跑批"/>
- </map>
- </property>
- </bean >
- <bean id= "testTaskTrigger"
- class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean">
- <property name="jobDetail" ref="testJobDetailBean" />
- <property name="cronExpression" value="0 0/1 * * * ?" />
- </bean>
- <bean id= "testSchedulerFactoryBean"
- class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
- <property name="triggers" >
- <list>
- <ref bean="testTaskTrigger" />
- </list>
- </property>
- </bean>
第三種:定時任務持久化(JobDetailTx)
優勢:
集群部署定時器通過故障切換和負載均衡的功能,提高調度器的可用性和擴展性。
本質:
集群上的所有節點通過共享一個數據庫來來工作的。所有節點quartz通過啟動兩個維護線程來維護數據庫狀態實現集群管理,一個是檢測節點狀態線程,一個是恢復任務線程。一個 Quartz 集群中的每個節點是一個獨立的 Quartz 應用,它又管理着其他的節點。
模式:
1.獲取任務
負載均衡是自動完成的,集群的每個節點會盡快觸發任務。當第一個節點獲取到任務,會通過鎖定,阻止其他線程獲取到該任務。
2.故障切換
當一個節點執行任務失敗(服務down掉或其他原因),其他節點會檢測到並標識在失敗節點上正在執行的數據庫中的任務。任何標記為可恢復(任務詳細里的requests recovery屬性)的任務都會被其他節點繼續執行。沒有標記可恢復的任務會被釋放掉。
- CREATE TABLE qrtz_job_details
- (
- ....
- JOB_NAME VARCHAR2(80) NOT NULL,
- JOB_GROUP VARCHAR2(80) NOT NULL,
- REQUESTS_RECOVERY VARCHAR2(1) NOT NULL, --可恢復標記
- );
- SchedulerFactoryBean
- JobDetail
- Trigger
- Job
將定時任務持久化可以解決分布式跑批的問題,避免服務器重啟信息丟失。
定時任務定義需要實例化JobDetail和Trigger,然后使用Scheduler進行調度。這個需要使用到Quartz的jar包。
每個jar包創建任務的方式都不相同。具體需要查看官方api。
quartz2.2.1中給出的示例:
- JobDetail job = newJob(MyJob.class)
- .withIdentity("myJob")
- .build();
- Trigger trigger = newTrigger()
- .withIdentity(triggerKey("myTrigger", "myTriggerGroup"))
- .withSchedule(simpleSchedule()
- .withIntervalInHours(1)
- .repeatForever())
- .startAt(futureDate(10, MINUTES))
- .build();
- scheduler.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
導入jar包后,寫如下測試類:
- package com.xy.utils.scheduler;
- import org.quartz.JobBuilder;
- import org.quartz.JobDetail;
- import org.quartz.Scheduler;
- import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
- import org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder;
- import org.quartz.Trigger;
- import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
- import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
- public class quartzTest {
- public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
- JobDetail jobDetail= JobBuilder.newJob(TestJob.class)
- .withIdentity("job","group")
- .build();
- Trigger trigger= TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("job","group").startNow().withSchedule(
- SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule()
- .withIntervalInSeconds(10) //時間間隔
- .withRepeatCount(10) //重復次數n+1
- )
- .build();
- SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
- Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler();
- sched.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
- sched.start();
- }
- }
定時執行的任務類:
- package com.xy.utils.scheduler;
- import org.quartz.Job;
- import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
- import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
- public class TestJob implements Job {
- public void execute(JobExecutionContext arg0) throws JobExecutionException {
- System.out.println("*****執行批處理任務******");
- }
- }
這種任務並沒有持久化到數據庫中。
在Spring中配置SchedulerFactoryBean:
- <!--
- 第三種:從數據庫中讀取跑批任務(適合集群部署跑批)
- **********1.SchedulerFactoryBean
- -->
- <bean id="schedulerBeanFactory" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
- <!-- 注入數據源,包含任務執行表 -->
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
- <!--applicationContextSchedulerContextKey:
- 把spring上下文以key/value的方式存放在了quartz的上下文中了,
- 可以用applicationContextSchedulerContextKey所定義的key得到對應的spring上下文-->
- <property name="applicationContextSchedulerContextKey" value="applicationContext"/>
- <!-- 讀取配置文件 -->
- <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:/properties/quartz.properties"/>
- <property name="autoStartup" value="true"/>
- </bean>
配置quartz.properties:
下載了quartz.jar后,在\quartz-2.2.1\src\org\quartz\目錄下有個quartz.properties的文件,可以根據自己的需要更改其中的配置內容。
- #批處理常量表 QUARTZ2.2.1
- #============================================================================
- # Configure Main Scheduler Properties
- #============================================================================
- org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName = MyQuartzScheduler
- org.quartz.scheduler.instanceId = AUTO
- #============================================================================
- # Configure ThreadPool
- #============================================================================
- org.quartz.threadPool.class = org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
- org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 10
- org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority = 5
- org.quartz.threadPool.threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread:true
- #============================================================================
- # Configure JobStore
- #============================================================================
- org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold = 10000
- org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.LocalDataSourceJobStore
- org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
- org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered = true --是否集群部署
- #任務表前綴
- org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix = test_qrtz_
創建任務表:
jar包文件中,給出了所有數據庫的建表語句。可以根據給出的sql語句創建表。
調度類:
- package com.xy.utils.scheduler;
- import org.quartz.JobBuilder;
- import org.quartz.JobDetail;
- import org.quartz.Scheduler;
- import org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder;
- import org.quartz.Trigger;
- import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
- import com.xy.utils.SpringUtils.SpringUtilsFromClassPathXml;
- public class quartzTest {
- //從Spring中獲取調度bean工廠
- public static Scheduler scheduler = (Scheduler)SpringUtilsFromClassPathXml.getBean("schedulerBeanFactory");
- public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
- JobDetail jobDetail= JobBuilder.newJob(TestJob.class)
- .withIdentity("job","group")
- .build();
- Trigger trigger= TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("job","group").startNow().withSchedule(
- SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule()
- .withIntervalInSeconds(10) //時間間隔
- .repeatForever()
- )
- .build();
- scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
- scheduler.start();
- }
- }
任務類(需要實現job接口):
- package com.xy.utils.scheduler;
- import org.quartz.Job;
- import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
- import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
- public class TestJob implements Job {
- public void execute(JobExecutionContext arg0) throws JobExecutionException {
- System.out.println("*****執行批處理任務******");
- }
- }
此時執行該類就會將任務數據寫入數據庫中。
調度任務工具類:
自定義任務調度工具類:
- package com.xy.utils.scheduler;
- import java.text.ParseException;
- import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
- import java.util.Date;
- import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder;
- import org.quartz.CronTrigger;
- import org.quartz.DateBuilder;
- import org.quartz.Job;
- import org.quartz.JobBuilder;
- import org.quartz.JobDetail;
- import org.quartz.Scheduler;
- import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
- import org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder;
- import org.quartz.Trigger;
- import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
- import org.quartz.TriggerKey;
- import org.quartz.DateBuilder.IntervalUnit;
- import org.slf4j.Logger;
- import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
- import com.xy.common.SysContent;
- public class SchedulerJobUtils {
- private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SchedulerJobUtils.class);
- public static Scheduler scheduler = (Scheduler)SysContent.applicationContext.getBean("schedulerBeanFactory");
- //public static Scheduler scheduler = (Scheduler)SpringUtilsFromClassPathXml.getBean("schedulerBeanFactory");
- public static String dateFormate = "ss mm HH dd MM ? yyyy";
- public static SimpleDateFormat cronSdf = new SimpleDateFormat(dateFormate);
- public static SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
- /**
- * 數據庫放入一個指定時間的任務,任務只執行一次
- * @see 適合對數據進行定時刪除,修改等等
- * @param <T>
- * @param clazz 要執行任務類class,任務類必須繼承Job類
- * @param jobName 任務名稱
- * @param groupName 分組名稱
- * @param executeTime 執行時間,格式:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
- * @return
- */
- public static<T> boolean putSpecifyTimeSchedulerJobToDB(Class<? extends Job> clazz,String jobName,String groupName,String executeTime){
- //定義一個job
- JobDetail job = JobBuilder.newJob(clazz).withIdentity(jobName, groupName).build();
- //定義一個TriggerKey
- TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobName, groupName);
- SchedulerJob schedulerJob = new SchedulerJob();
- schedulerJob.setJobName(jobName);
- schedulerJob.setGroupName(groupName);
- job.getJobDataMap().put("schedulerJob", schedulerJob);
- Date executeDate = null;
- try {
- executeDate = sdf.parse(executeTime);
- } catch (ParseException e) {
- logger.info("method putSchedulerJobToDB execute error!exception={}",e);
- }
- String dbExecuteTime = cronSdf.format(executeDate);
- CronTrigger cronTrigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(triggerKey).withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(dbExecuteTime)).build();
- try {
- scheduler.scheduleJob(job, cronTrigger);
- } catch (SchedulerException e) {
- logger.info("method putSchedulerJobToDB execute error!exception={}",e);
- }
- return true;
- }
- /**
- * 數據庫放入一條指定開始時間,指定間隔時間,指定次數的任務
- * @param <T>
- * @param clazz 任務類
- * @param jobName 任務名
- * @param groupName 分組名
- * @param seconds 間隔時間,以秒為單位
- * @param count 執行次數,0為一直執行
- * @param startSecondsToNow 開始時間(距離現在?秒)
- * @return
- * @throws SchedulerException
- */
- @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
- public static<T> boolean putPeriodSchedulerJobToDB(Class<? extends Job> clazz,String jobName,String groupName,
- int seconds,int count,int startSecondsToNow){
- JobDetail jobDetail= JobBuilder.newJob(clazz).withIdentity(jobName,groupName).build();
- TriggerBuilder triggerBuilder = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobName,groupName);
- if(startSecondsToNow==0){
- triggerBuilder.startNow();
- }else{
- triggerBuilder.startAt(DateBuilder.futureDate(startSecondsToNow,IntervalUnit.SECOND));
- }
- SimpleScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule().withIntervalInSeconds(seconds);
- if(count==0){
- scheduleBuilder.repeatForever();
- }else{
- scheduleBuilder.withRepeatCount(count);
- }
- Trigger trigger = triggerBuilder.withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build();
- try {
- scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
- } catch (SchedulerException e) {
- logger.info("put putPeriodSchedulerJobToDB error,error={}",e);
- }
- return true;
- }
- }
任務類:
- package com.xy.utils.scheduler;
- import org.joda.time.DateTime;
- import org.quartz.Job;
- import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
- import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
- import org.slf4j.Logger;
- import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
- public class TestSchedulerTask implements Job{
- private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestSchedulerTask.class);
- public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
- logger.info("**********TestSchedulerTask1 start at={}",new DateTime().toString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
- logger.info("**********I'm Ok!************");
- logger.info("**********TestSchedulerTask1 end at={}",new DateTime().toString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
- }
- /**
- * 調度任務工具類測試
- * 10秒執行一次,無限次數,30秒后開始
- * @param args
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- System.out.println(SchedulerJobUtils.putPeriodSchedulerJobToDB(TestSchedulerTask.class, "myJob", "myGroup", 10, 0, 30));
- }
- }
數據庫里的任務表:
打印出的日志:
2016-01-10 00:37:34,810 INFO TestSchedulerTask1:14 - **********TestSchedulerTask1 start at=2016-01-10 00:37:34
2016-01-10 00:37:34,810 INFO TestSchedulerTask1:15 - **********I'm Ok!************
2016-01-10 00:37:34,811 INFO TestSchedulerTask1:16 - **********TestSchedulerTask1 end at=2016-01-10 00:37:34
2016-01-10 00:37:44,690 INFO TestSchedulerTask1:14 - **********TestSchedulerTask1 start at=2016-01-10 00:37:44
2016-01-10 00:37:44,691 INFO TestSchedulerTask1:15 - **********I'm Ok!************
2016-01-10 00:37:44,691 INFO TestSchedulerTask1:16 - **********TestSchedulerTask1 end at=2016-01-10 00:37:44
2016-01-10 00:37:54,697 INFO TestSchedulerTask1:14 - **********TestSchedulerTask1 start at=2016-01-10 00:37:54
2016-01-10 00:37:54,697 INFO TestSchedulerTask1:15 - **********I'm Ok!************
2016-01-10 00:37:54,697 INFO TestSchedulerTask1:16 - **********TestSchedulerTask1 end at=2016-01-10 00:37:54