Linux下二進制文件安裝MySQL

MySQL 下載地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

並按如下方式選擇來下載安裝包。

1. 設置配置文件/etc/my.cnf

[client]
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/socketfile/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
user=mysql
port = 3306
server_id = 1
socket=/usr/local/mysql/socketfile/mysql.sock
basedir =/usr/local/mysql
datadir =/usr/local/mysql/data
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/log/mysql-error.log
character_set_server=utf8
max_connections=1000

 

 

2.新建用戶和用戶組

groupadd mysql
useradd  -g mysql mysql

 

3.解壓mysql二進制文件到目錄/usr/local目錄下，並重命名為mysql

cd /usr/local
tar -xf /root/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
mkdir log
chown -R mysql:mysql log
chmod 755 log
cd /usr/local/mysql/log
touch mysql-error.log
chmod 755 mysql-error.log
chown mysql:mysql mysql-error.log

mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/socketfile
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/socketfile

 

 

4.初始化數據庫

cd /usr/local/mysql
bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

 

初始化數據庫后的密碼存放在mysql-error.log文件中

[mysql@SaltStack-Minion log]$ more mysql-error.log 
2017-09-25T01:02:36.182707Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentat
ion for more details).
2017-09-25T01:02:42.076463Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2017-09-25T01:02:42.464764Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2017-09-25T01:02:42.916407Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new U
UID: 3c1e3858-a18d-11e7-b261-000c299cd645.
2017-09-25T01:02:43.104917Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2017-09-25T01:02:43.124083Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: O4Cfoig_gXui 2017-09-25T01:02:53.184964Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentat
ion for more details).

 

 

 

5.設置環境變量（root用戶和mysql用戶都添加）

在~/.bash_profile文件中添加mysql的安裝目錄，添加后的結果如下：

[root@CentOS6 mysql]# vi ~/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin

export PATH

 

#使修改生效

source  ~/.bash_profile

 

 

6.設置service服務自啟動

cd  /usr/local/mysql
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server
service mysql.server start
service mysql.server restart
service mysql.server stop

 

 

 

7.修改MySQL的root密碼

 

set password for root@localhost = password('mysql'); 
flush privileges;

 

8.當啟動MySQL數據庫報錯時，嘗試采用如下方式解決：

報錯信息：

Starting MySQL.. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file

 

解決方法：

（1）首先檢查mysql日志文件中報錯信息（一般mysql日志文件會寫在/etc/my.cnf這個文件中）；

（2）找到報錯信息之后，然后逐步確診原因即可；

（3）上述問題，我是通過刪除mysql.sock文件（在/etc/my.cnf文件中會記錄該文件的所在目錄）,然后再次數據庫，問題解決；