我們對service和chkconfig兩個命令都不陌生，systemctl 是管制服務的主要工具， 它整合了chkconfig 與 service功能於一體。
systemctl is-enabled iptables.service
systemctl is-enabled servicename.service #查詢服務是否開機啟動
systemctl enable *.service #開機運行服務
systemctl disable *.service #取消開機運行
systemctl start *.service #啟動服務
systemctl stop *.service #停止服務
systemctl restart *.service #重啟服務
systemctl reload *.service #重新加載服務配置文件
systemctl status *.service #查詢服務運行狀態
systemctl --failed #顯示啟動失敗的服務
注：*代表某個服務的名字，如http的服務名為httpd
例如在CentOS 7 上安裝http
[root@CentOS7 ~]# yum -y install httpd
啟動服務（等同於service httpd start）
systemctl start httpd.service
停止服務（等同於service httpd stop）
systemctl stop httpd.service
重啟服務（等同於service httpd restart）
systemctl restart httpd.service
查看服務是否運行（等同於service httpd status）
systemctl status httpd.service
開機自啟動服務（等同於chkconfig httpd on）
systemctl enable httpd.service
開機時禁用服務（等同於chkconfig httpd on）
systemctl disable httpd.service
查看服務是否開機啟動 （等同於chkconfig --list）
http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-11/109236.htm
[root@iZuf67u6816pmg3fc1bx5fZ ~]# rpm -Uvh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm Retrieving http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:mysql-community-release-el7-5 ################################# [100%] [root@iZuf67u6816pmg3fc1bx5fZ ~]# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*" mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 42 mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 51 mysql56-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.6 Community Server 344 [root@iZuf67u6816pmg3fc1bx5fZ ~]# [root@iZuf67u6816pmg3fc1bx5fZ ~]# [root@iZuf67u6816pmg3fc1bx5fZ ~]# [root@iZuf67u6816pmg3fc1bx5fZ ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.6.37-2.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.6.10 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Data::Dumper) for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be obsoleted ---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 will be obsoleting --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.6.10 for package: mysql-community-client-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 ---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(RPC::PlServer) >= 0.2001 for package: perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(RPC::PlClient) >= 0.2000 for package: perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 ---> Package perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be obsoleted ---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 will be obsoleting ---> Package perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon) >= 0.13 for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon::Test) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon::Log) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Zlib) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch --> Running transaction check ---> Package perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Raw::Zlib) >= 2.061 for package: perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Raw::Bzip2) >= 2.061 for package: perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch ---> Package perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =============================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =============================================================================================================================================== Installing: mysql-community-client x86_64 5.6.37-2.el7 mysql56-community 19 M replacing mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.6.37-2.el7 mysql56-community 2.0 M replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 mysql-community-server x86_64 5.6.37-2.el7 mysql56-community 59 M Installing for dependencies: mysql-community-common x86_64 5.6.37-2.el7 mysql56-community 257 k perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2 x86_64 2.061-3.el7 base 32 k perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 base 57 k perl-DBI x86_64 1.627-4.el7 base 802 k perl-Data-Dumper x86_64 2.145-3.el7 base 47 k perl-IO-Compress noarch 2.061-2.el7 base 260 k perl-Net-Daemon noarch 0.48-5.el7 base 51 k perl-PlRPC noarch 0.2020-14.el7 base 36 k Transaction Summary =============================================================================================================================================== Install 3 Packages (+8 Dependent packages) Total download size: 82 M Downloading packages: warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql56-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY Public key for mysql-community-common-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed (1/11): mysql-community-common-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 257 kB 00:00:00 (2/11): mysql-community-libs-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:00:01 (3/11): perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 32 kB 00:00:00 (4/11): perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 57 kB 00:00:00 (5/11): perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 47 kB 00:00:00 (6/11): perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 260 kB 00:00:00 (7/11): perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch.rpm | 51 kB 00:00:00 (8/11): perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch.rpm | 36 kB 00:00:00 (9/11): perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 802 kB 00:00:00 (10/11): mysql-community-client-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 19 MB 00:00:07 (11/11): mysql-community-server-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 59 MB 00:00:16 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 4.2 MB/s | 82 MB 00:00:19 Retrieving key from file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5: Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>" Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5 Package : mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch (installed) From : file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : mysql-community-common-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 1/13 Installing : perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64 2/13 Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 3/13 Installing : mysql-community-client-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 4/13 Installing : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 5/13 Installing : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 6/13 Installing : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 7/13 Installing : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 8/13 Installing : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 9/13 Installing : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 10/13 Installing : mysql-community-server-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 11/13 Erasing : 1:mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 12/13 Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 13/13 Verifying : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 1/13 Verifying : perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64 2/13 Verifying : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 3/13 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 4/13 Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 5/13 Verifying : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 6/13 Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 7/13 Verifying : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 8/13 Verifying : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 9/13 Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64 10/13 Verifying : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 11/13 Verifying : 1:mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 12/13 Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 13/13 Installed: mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 Dependency Installed: mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.37-2.el7 perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7 perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7 perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7 perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7 perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7 perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7 Replaced: mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 Complete! [root@iZuf67u6816pmg3fc1bx5fZ ~]# systemctl enable mysqld [root@iZuf67u6816pmg3fc1bx5fZ ~]# systemctl start mysqld [root@iZuf67u6816pmg3fc1bx5fZ ~]# [root@iZuf67u6816pmg3fc1bx5fZ ~]# [root@iZuf67u6816pmg3fc1bx5fZ ~]# [root@iZuf67u6816pmg3fc1bx5fZ ~]# [root@iZuf67u6816pmg3fc1bx5fZ ~]# [root@iZuf67u6816pmg3fc1bx5fZ ~]# mysql_secure_installation NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY! In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank, so you should just press enter here. Enter current password for root (enter for none): ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES) Enter current password for root (enter for none): OK, successfully used password, moving on... Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL root user without the proper authorisation. Set root password? [Y/n] Y New password: Re-enter new password: Password updated successfully! Reloading privilege tables.. ... Success! By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y ... Success! Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y ... Success! By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y - Dropping test database... ERROR 1008 (HY000) at line 1: Can't drop database 'test'; database doesn't exist ... Failed! Not critical, keep moving... - Removing privileges on test database... ... Success! Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y ... Success! All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL installation should now be secure. Thanks for using MySQL! Cleaning up... [root@iZuf67u6816pmg3fc1bx5fZ ~]# [root@iZuf67u6816pmg3fc1bx5fZ ~]# [root@iZuf67u6816pmg3fc1bx5fZ ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 14 Server version: 5.6.37 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | +--------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
http://www.cnblogs.com/XBlack/p/5178758.html