1.使用synchronized關鍵字修飾類或者代碼塊;
2.使用Volatile關鍵字修飾變量;
3.在類中加入重入鎖。
代碼示例:
非同步狀態下:
public static void main(String[] args){ Increase increase = new Increase(); int count = 10; while (count != 0){ new Thread(() -> { increase.increasementAndPrint(); }).start(); count --; } } static class Increase { private int i = 0; void increasementAndPrint() { System.out.print(i++ + "\n"); } }
這種情況下可能會導致多個線程輸出的i相同:
0
0
1
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3
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8
使用同步:
1.使用synchronized關鍵字 //保證原子性和有序性 static class Increase { private int i = 0; synchronized void increasementAndPrint() { System.out.println(i++); } } 2.使用volatile //保證原子性,不保證有序性 static class Increase { private volatile int i = 0; void increasementAndPrint() { System.out.println(i++); } } 3.使用重入鎖 //保證原子性和有序性 static class Increase { private ReentrantLock reentrantLock = new ReentrantLock(); private int i = 0; void increasementAndPrint() { reentrantLock.lock(); System.out.println(i++); reentrantLock.unlock(); } }