1、yum install openssl安裝openssl組件
2、生成KEY的流程步驟如下
1. 創建根證書密鑰文件(自己做CA)root.key：
openssl genrsa -out root.key
輸出內容為：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl genrsa -des3 -out root.key
Generating RSA private key, 512 bit long modulus
……………..++++++++++++
..++++++++++++
e is 65537 (0×10001)
2. 創建根證書的申請文件root.csr：
openssl req -new -key root.key -out root.csr
輸出內容為：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl req -new -key root.key -out root.csr
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ‘.’, the field will be left blank.
—–
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN ← 國家代號，中國輸入CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:BeiJing ← 省的全名，拼音
Locality Name (eg, city) []:BeiJing ← 市的全名，拼音
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:MyCompany Corp. ← 公司英文名
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: ← 可以不輸入
Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []: ← 此時不輸入
Email Address []:admin@mycompany.com ← 電子郵箱，可隨意填Please enter the following ‘extra’ attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []: ← 可以不輸入An optional company name []: ← 可以不輸入
3. 創建一個自當前日期起為期十年的根證書root.crt：
openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -sha1 -extensions v3_ca -signkey root.key -in root.csr -out root.crt
輸出內容為：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -sha1 -extensions v3_ca -signkey root.key -in root.csr -out root.crt
Getting Private key
subject=/C=CN/ST=BeiJing/L=BeiJing/O=MyCompany Corp./emailAddress=admin@mycompany.com
Signature ok
4. 創建服務器證書密鑰server.key：
openssl genrsa -out server.key 2048
輸出內容為：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl genrsa -out server.key 2048
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
….+++
…………………………………………..+++
e is 65537 (0×10001)
去除key文件口令的命令: openssl rsa -in server.key -out server.key
運行時會提示輸入密碼,此密碼用於加密key文件(參數des3便是指加密算法,當然也可以選用其他你認為安全的算法.),以后每當需讀取此文件(通過openssl提供的命令或API)都需輸入口令.如果覺得不方便,也可以去除這個口令,但一定要采取其他的保護措施!
5.創建服務器證書的申請文件server.csr：
openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr
輸出內容為：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.req
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ‘.’, the field will be left blank.
—–
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN ← 國家名稱，中國輸入CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:BeiJing ← 省名，拼音
Locality Name (eg, city) []:BeiJing ← 市名，拼音
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:MyCompany Corp. ← 公司英文名
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: ← 可以不輸入
Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:www.mycompany.com ← 服務器主機名，若填寫不正確，瀏覽器會報告證書無效，但並不影響使用
Email Address []:admin@mycompany.com ← 電子郵箱，可隨便填
An optional company name []: ← 可以不輸入
A challenge password []: ← 可以不輸入
to be sent with your certificate request
Please enter the following ‘extra’ attributes
6. 創建自當前日期起有效期為期十年的服務器證書server.crt：
openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -sha1 -extensions v3_req -CA root.crt -CAkey root.key -CAserial root.srl -CAcreateserial -in server.csr -out server.crt
輸出內容為：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -sha1 -extensions v3_req -CA root.crt -CAkey root.key -CAserial root.srl -CAcreateserial -in server.csr -out server.crt
Getting CA Private Key
subject=/C=CN/ST=BeiJing/L=BeiJing/O=MyCompany Corp./CN=www.mycompany.com/emailAddress=admin@mycompany.com
Signature ok
7. 創建客戶端證書密鑰文件client.key：
openssl genrsa -out client.key 2048
輸出內容為：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl genrsa -out client.key 2048
e is 65537 (0×10001)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….+++
……………………………………………………………………………..+++
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
8. 創建客戶端證書的申請文件client.csr：
openssl req -new -key client.key -out client.csr
輸出內容為：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl req -new -key client.key -out client.csr
Enter pass phrase for client.key: ← 輸入上一步中創建的密碼
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ‘.’, the field will be left blank.
—–
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN ← 國家名稱，中國輸入CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:BeiJing ← 省名稱，拼音
Locality Name (eg, city) []:BeiJing ← 市名稱，拼音
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:MyCompany Corp. ← 公司英文名
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: ← 可以不填
Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:Lenin ← 自己的英文名，可以隨便填
Email Address []:admin@mycompany.com ← 電子郵箱，可以隨便填
An optional company name []: ← 可以不填
A challenge password []: ← 可以不填
to be sent with your certificate request
Please enter the following ‘extra’ attributes
9. 創建一個自當前日期起有效期為十年的客戶端證書client.crt：
openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -sha1 -extensions v3_req -CA root.crt -CAkey root.key -CAserial root.srl -CAcreateserial -in client.csr -out client.crt
輸出內容為：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -sha1 -extensions v3_req -CA root.crt -CAkey root.key -CAcreateserial -in client.csr -out client.crt
Signature ok
subject=/C=CN/ST=BeiJing/L=BeiJing/O=MyCompany Corp./CN=www.mycompany.com/emailAddress=admin@mycompany.com
Getting CA Private Key
10. 將客戶端證書文件client.crt和客戶端證書密鑰文件client.key合並成客戶端證書安裝包client.pfx：
openssl pkcs12 -export -in client.crt -inkey client.key -out client.pfx
輸出內容為：
[lenin@archer ~]$ openssl pkcs12 -export -in client.crt -inkey client.key -out client.pfx
Enter Export Password: ← 輸入一個新的密碼，用作客戶端證書的保護密碼，在客戶端安裝證書時需要輸入此密碼
Verifying – Enter Export Password: ← 確認密碼，可以為空密碼
11. 保存生成的文件備用，其中server.crt和server.key是配置單向SSL時需要使用的證書文件，client.crt是配置雙向SSL時需要使用的證書文件，client.pfx是配置雙向SSL時需要客戶端安裝的證書文件
.crt文件和.key可以合到一個文件里面，把2個文件合成了一個.pem文件（直接拷貝過去就行了）