C# winform中自定義精確定時器(經測試穩定可靠)

原C#的定時器時間越長，誤差越大。

在主動請求設備數據的使用，使用C#的幾種自帶定時器導致每天都會丟失幾條數據。

經測試使用自定義的定時器可完全解決此問題。

使用方法:

MillisecondTimer _sysTimer;

_sysTimer = new MillisecondTimer();
_sysTimer.Tick += sysTimer_Tick; ;
_sysTimer.Interval = 1000; //每秒執行
_sysTimer.Start();

private void sysTimer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{

//需要定時執行的內容

}

自定義類（MillisecondTimer.cs）如下：

using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.ComponentModel;

namespace TEST
{
    public sealed class MillisecondTimer : IComponent, IDisposable
    {

        private static TimerCaps caps;
        private int interval;
        private bool isRunning;
        private int resolution;
        private TimerCallback timerCallback;
        private int timerID;

        public int Interval
        {
            get
            {
                return this.interval;
            }
            set
            {
                if ((value < caps.periodMin) || (value > caps.periodMax))
                {
                    throw new Exception("超出計時范圍！");
                }
                this.interval = value;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        public bool IsRunning
        {
            get
            {
                return this.isRunning;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        public ISite Site
        {
            set;
            get;
        }

        public event EventHandler Disposed;  // 這個事件實現了IComponet接口
        public event EventHandler Tick;

        static MillisecondTimer()
        {
            timeGetDevCaps(ref caps, Marshal.SizeOf(caps));
        }

        public MillisecondTimer()
        {
            this.interval = caps.periodMin;    // 
            this.resolution = caps.periodMin;  //

            this.isRunning = false;
            this.timerCallback = new TimerCallback(this.TimerEventCallback);

        }

        public MillisecondTimer(IContainer container)
            : this()
        {
            container.Add(this);
        }

        ~MillisecondTimer()
        {
            timeKillEvent(this.timerID);
        }

        public void Start()
        {
            if (!this.isRunning)
            {
                this.timerID = timeSetEvent(this.interval, this.resolution, this.timerCallback, 0, 1); // 間隔性地運行

                if (this.timerID == 0)
                {
                    throw new Exception("無法啟動計時器");
                }
                this.isRunning = true;
            }
        }

        public void Stop()
        {
            if (this.isRunning)
            {
                timeKillEvent(this.timerID);
                this.isRunning = false;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 實現IDisposable接口
        /// </summary>
        public void Dispose()
        {
            timeKillEvent(this.timerID);
            GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
            EventHandler disposed = this.Disposed;
            if (disposed != null)
            {
                disposed(this, EventArgs.Empty);
            }
        }


        //***************************************************  內部函數  ******************************************************************
        [DllImport("winmm.dll")]
        private static extern int timeSetEvent(int delay, int resolution, TimerCallback callback, int user, int mode);


        [DllImport("winmm.dll")]
        private static extern int timeKillEvent(int id);


        [DllImport("winmm.dll")]
        private static extern int timeGetDevCaps(ref TimerCaps caps, int sizeOfTimerCaps);
        //  The timeGetDevCaps function queries the timer device to determine its resolution. 



        private void TimerEventCallback(int id, int msg, int user, int param1, int param2)
        {
            if (this.Tick != null)
            {
                this.Tick(this, null);  // 引發事件
            }
        }


        //***************************************************  內部類型  ******************************************************************

        private delegate void TimerCallback(int id, int msg, int user, int param1, int param2); // timeSetEvent所對應的回調函數的簽名


        /// <summary>
        /// 定時器的分辨率（resolution）。單位是ms，毫秒
        /// </summary>
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        private struct TimerCaps
        {
            public int periodMin;
            public int periodMax;
        }

    }
}