最近在折騰Django的WSGI應用，雖然Django自帶的runserver很方便，但是對於復雜的功能它就無能為力了。
首先在Windows上遇到坑了，然后在windows10自帶的Ubuntu遇到坑了，最后在虛擬機上總算解決了。
從以前的文章Django筆記《Django 學習筆記（二）第一個網頁》可以看出我用的是windows10系統中的cmd來進行Django操作的，由於gunicorn應用是在unix系統中運行的，強制性在win平台運行就出錯了。
1.windows遇到坑：
首先 cmd中輸入：pip3 install gunicorn ，安裝成功后，切換到項目目錄(G:/Django/hello)，具體操作是先切換到G盤，直接輸入G:，接着輸入cd Django\hello 就會出現 G:\Django\hello>這種情況。然后運行gunicorn，在Django項目中格式是：gunicorn yourproject.wsgi [-b 127.0.0.1.8000]，括號內為選填，其他命令參數可以發送 gunicorn -h得到幫助文檔。我這邊的項目是hello，所以我的命令操作是：gunicorn hello.wsgi ，然后呢，出錯ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pwd'，沒有pwd模塊，好吧，沒有找唄。找到后的代碼貼在下面了，把找到的pwd.py放進了python3的安裝目錄D:\Program Files\Python\Python36\Lib，接着我們再運行gunicorn hello.wsgi ，結果又出錯了：AttributeError: module 'socket' has no attribute 'AF_UNIX' ，然后我又在網上找，gunicorn是unix系統中的應用，將其用在windows上兼容性是個大大的問題，如果按照錯誤一個個解決將是一個龐大的工程，所以轉戰unix系統，windows在gunicorn上棄坑。
G:\Django\hello>gunicorn hello.wsgi Traceback (most recent call last): File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main "__main__", mod_spec) File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code exec(code, run_globals) File "D:\Program Files\Python\Python36\Scripts\gunicorn.exe\__main__.py", line 5, in <module> File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\app\wsgiapp.py", line 10, in <module> from gunicorn.app.base import Application File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\app\base.py", line 12, in <module> from gunicorn import util File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\util.py", line 13, in <module> import pwd ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pwd'
from os import * from pwd import * def get_username(): return getpwuid(getuid())[0]
G:\Django\hello>gunicorn hello.wsgi Traceback (most recent call last): File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main "__main__", mod_spec) File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code exec(code, run_globals) File "D:\Program Files\Python\Python36\Scripts\gunicorn.exe\__main__.py", line 5, in <module> File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\app\wsgiapp.py", line 10, in <module> from gunicorn.app.base import Application File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\app\base.py", line 13, in <module> from gunicorn.arbiter import Arbiter File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\arbiter.py", line 18, in <module> from gunicorn import sock, systemd, util File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\sock.py", line 101, in <module> class UnixSocket(BaseSocket): File "d:\program files\python\python36\lib\site-packages\gunicorn\sock.py", line 103, in UnixSocket FAMILY = socket.AF_UNIX AttributeError: module 'socket' has no attribute 'AF_UNIX'
2.win10平台自帶Ubuntu遇到的坑
win10開啟Linux系統：首先，在win10設置-->安全與更新-->針對開發人員-->開發人員模式-->打鈎，然后在控制面板-->程序個功能-->啟動或關閉windows功能-->適用於Linux的windows子系統（Bata）-->打勾，最后用管理員運行shell-->輸入cmd-->輸入bash-->按照操作下載安裝Linux。
安裝完畢后，用管理員身份shell進入cmd，輸入bash進入Linux系統。系統默認安裝的有python2.7和python3.5。python默認啟動的是python2，可以設置默認python為python3：
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python2.7 100
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3.5 200
按照套路先安裝pip3（如果直接安裝pip是默認安裝在python2中的）：sudo apt-get install python3-pip，接着用pip安裝Django：sudo pip3 install Django，最后用pip安裝gunicorn：sudo pip3 install gunicorn （現在自動安裝的版本是19.7.1）。環境安裝完畢，切換到項目地址：cd /mnt/g/Django/hello，然后輸入gunicorn hello.wsgi ，結果又出錯了。OSError: [Errno 92] Protocol not available ，后來折騰卸載pip發現gunicorn 依賴於python-gunicorn（19.4.5），所以卸載了gunicorn(19.7.1)：pip3 uninstall gunicorn ，然后安裝了gunicorn(19.4.5)：pip3 install gunicorn==19.4.5。然后命令gunicorn hello.wsgi 啟動成功，沒有出現Failed to find application，成功訪問了127.0.0.1:8000/admin/ 。
Lee@Kein:/mnt/g/Django/hello$ gunicorn hello.wsgi [2017-07-16 15:16:25 +0800] [428] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 19.7.1 Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/sock.py", line 44, in set_options sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEPORT, 1) OSError: [Errno 92] Protocol not available During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/local/bin/gunicorn", line 11, in <module> sys.exit(run()) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 74, in run WSGIApplication("%(prog)s [OPTIONS] [APP_MODULE]").run() File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 203, in run super(Application, self).run() File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 72, in run Arbiter(self).run() File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 198, in run self.start() File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 157, in start self.LISTENERS = sock.create_sockets(self.cfg, self.log, fds) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/sock.py", line 180, in create_sockets sock = sock_type(addr, conf, log) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/sock.py", line 32, in __init__ self.sock = self.set_options(sock, bound=bound) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/sock.py", line 89, in set_options return super(TCPSocket, self).set_options(sock, bound=bound) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/gunicorn/sock.py", line 46, in set_options if err[0] not in (errno.ENOPROTOOPT, errno.EINVAL): TypeError: 'OSError' object is not subscriptable
Lee@Kein:/mnt/g/Django/hello$ gunicorn hello.wsgi [2017-07-16 15:22:16 +0800] [470] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 19.4.5 [2017-07-16 15:22:16 +0800] [470] [INFO] Listening at: http://127.0.0.1:8000 (470) [2017-07-16 15:22:16 +0800] [470] [INFO] Using worker: sync [2017-07-16 15:22:17 +0800] [473] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 473 Not Found: /static/admin/css/base.css Not Found: /static/admin/css/login.css
3.虛擬機安裝ubuntu系統，按照上面的套路，成功一次性啟動了服務。也反過來思考win10上遇到的問題，成功把坑2填上了。
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