WebService連接sql serever並使用Android端訪問數據

一、下載sql serever（真真難下）

建立數據庫

二、創建WebService

VS2015中新建項目，進行連接調試

1. 服務資源管理文件->數據連接->新建連接

2. 繼續->填寫信息

3. 連接成功

4. 查看數據庫屬性並記錄連接屬性：

我的連接字符串為：Data Source=DESKTOP-AJOCHFK;Initial Catalog=myAndroid;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=sa;Password=***********

5. 新建WebService類，添加對數據庫的各種操作

using System;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;

namespace WebApplication
{
    public class DBOperation : IDisposable
    {
        public static SqlConnection sqlCon;  //用於連接數據庫

        //將下面的引號之間的內容換成上面記錄下的屬性中的連接字符串Integrated Security=True
        private String ConServerStr = @"Data Source=DESKTOP-AJOCHFK;Initial Catalog=myAndroid;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=sa;Password=123456";

        //默認構造函數
        public DBOperation()
        {
            if (sqlCon == null)
            {
                sqlCon = new SqlConnection();
                sqlCon.ConnectionString = ConServerStr;
                sqlCon.Open();
            }
        }

        //關閉/銷毀函數，相當於Close()
        public void Dispose()
        {
            if (sqlCon != null)
            {
                sqlCon.Close();
                sqlCon = null;
            }
        }

        public List<string> selectAll()
        {
            List<string> list = new List<string>();
            try
            {
                string sql = "select * from message";
                SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, sqlCon);
                SqlDataReader reader = cmd.ExecuteReader();

                while (reader.Read())
                {
                    for (int i = 0; i < 18; i++)
                    {
                        list.Add(reader[i].ToString());
                    }
                }
                reader.Close();
                cmd.Dispose();
            }
            catch(Exception)
            {
               
            }
            return list;
        }

        //longi——經度  lati——緯度
        public bool message_add(string lati, string longi, string alti,string pm1d0s, string pm2d5s, 
            string pm10s, string pm1d0a, string pm2d5a, string pm10a,string pm0d3n,string pm0d5n, 
            string pm1d0n, string pm2d5n, string pm5n,string pm10n, string temp, string wet) //創建一條信息
        {
            bool result = false;
            try
            {
                string sqls = "insert into message values('" + DateTime.Now.ToString() + "','" + lati + "','" + longi + "','"
                    + alti + "','" + pm1d0s + "','" + pm2d5s + "','" + pm10s + "','" + pm1d0a + "','" + pm2d5a + "','" + pm10a + "','" + 
                    pm0d3n + "','" + pm0d5n + "','" + pm1d0n + "','" + pm2d5n + "','" + pm5n + "','" + pm10n + "','" + temp + "','" + wet +"')";
                SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sqls, sqlCon);
                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                cmd.Dispose();
                result = true;
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
            }
            return result;
        }

        public bool message_delete(string mNo)
        {
            bool result = false;
            try
            {
                string sql = "delete from message where mNo=" + mNo;
                SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, sqlCon);
                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                cmd.Dispose();
                result = true;
            }
            catch(Exception)
            {
                
            }
            return result;
        }
    }

}

6. 新建一個Web服務，如下

修改其代碼：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;

namespace WebApplication
{
    /// <summary>
    /// WebService1 的摘要說明
    /// </summary>
    [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
    [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
    [System.ComponentModel.ToolboxItem(false)]
    // 若要允許使用 ASP.NET AJAX 從腳本中調用此 Web 服務，請取消注釋以下行。 
    // [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]
    public class WebService1 : System.Web.Services.WebService
    {
        DBOperation DB = new DBOperation();

        [WebMethod(Description ="獲取所有的數據")]
        public string[] selectallData()
        {
            return DB.selectAll().ToArray();
        }

        [WebMethod(Description ="增加一條數據")]
        public bool insertData(string lati, string longi, string alti, string pm1d0s,
            string pm2d5s, string pm10s, string pm1d0a, string pm2d5a, string pm10a, string pm0d3n,
            string pm0d5n, string pm1d0n, string pm2d5n,string pm5n, string pm10n, string temp , string wet)
        {
            return DB.message_add(lati, longi, alti, pm1d0s, pm2d5s, pm10s, pm1d0a, pm2d5a, pm10a, pm0d3n, pm0d5n, pm1d0n,
                pm2d5n,pm5n, pm10n, temp, wet);
        }

        [WebMethod(Description ="刪除一條數據")]
        public bool deleteData(string mNo)
        {
            return DB.message_delete(mNo);
        }
    }
}

7. 運行程序，打開google瀏覽器，頁面如下

解決方法 ：

嘗試了 方法 http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/2d5afd69c5b7a585a2e28e8e.html ，沒用

                    http://www.cnblogs.com/youring2/p/3545175.html， 沒用

在 Web.config 中配置如下代碼：

  <system.webServer>
    <validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration="false" />
    <!--重點是下面這句-->
    <directoryBrowse enabled="true" />
        <defaultDocument>
            <files>
                <add value="WebService1.asmx" />
            </files>
        </defaultDocument>
  </system.webServer>

就出現了如下頁面：

點開WebService1.asmx  就得到以下頁面：

測試成功，返回值為xml

三、發布WebService

1. 右擊項目，點擊 ‘發布’

2. 然后 按照博客http://blog.csdn.net/bigpudding24/article/details/52291782 中的方法發布網站

出現以下問題：

解決方法：

 打開  ‘啟用或關閉windows功能’ ，在 ‘IIS’ 的 ‘萬維網服務’ 中的 ‘應用程序開發功能’ 中 勾選如下選項，即可。

 

 在瀏覽器中 輸入 綁定的 IP 地址，即出現網站，發布成功。

四、Android客戶端（從服務器獲取數據，主要為Http類和AsyncTask類部分）

1. MainActivity.java

package org.example.myandroid;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.Window;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

import org.example.callback.RequestCallBack;

import java.util.HashMap;

public class MainActivity extends Activity{

    private Button btn1;
    private Button btn3;
    private String requestUrl = "http://10.22.92.95/WebService1.asmx/deleteData";

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        btn1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_all);
        btn3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_delete);


        btn1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                setListView();
            }
        });

        btn3.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                setDeleteDialog();
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * 設置彈出刪除對話框
     */
    private void setDeleteDialog() {

        final Dialog dialog = new Dialog(MainActivity.this);
        dialog.setContentView(R.layout.dialog_delete);
        dialog.setTitle("輸入想要刪除的數據的編號");
        Window dialogWindow = dialog.getWindow();
        WindowManager.LayoutParams lp = dialogWindow.getAttributes();
        dialogWindow.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
        dialogWindow.setAttributes(lp);

        final EditText cNoEditText = (EditText) dialog.findViewById(R.id.editText1);
        Button btnConfirm = (Button) dialog.findViewById(R.id.button1);
        Button btnCancel = (Button) dialog.findViewById(R.id.button2);

        btnConfirm.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                HashMap<String, String> callParams = new HashMap<String, String>();
                callParams.put("mNo",cNoEditText.getText().toString());
                MyAsyncTask restClient = new MyAsyncTask(new RequestCallBack() {
                    @Override
                    public void onSuccess(String response) {
                        //獲取服務端返回的字符串
                        System.out.println("---------------------");
                        System.out.println(response);
                    }
                    @Override
                    public void onFailure() {
                        //獲取失敗
                    }
                });
                //第一個參數為選擇POST或者GET
                //第二個參數為請求的URL
                //第三個參數為請求參數Map集合
                Object[] params = { HttpTools.POST, requestUrl,
                        callParams };
                restClient.execute(params);

                dialog.dismiss();
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "成功刪除數據", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });

        btnCancel.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                dialog.dismiss();
            }
        });

        dialog.show();
    }


    /**
     * 設置listView
     */
    private void setListView() {

        Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,ListAll.class);
        startActivity(intent);
    }
}

2. MyAsyncTask.java

package org.example.myandroid;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;

public class HttpURLConnectionTools {

    /**
     * @param strUrl
     * @param params
     * @return String
     */
    public static String obtainGetUrlContext(String strUrl,
                                                    Map<String, String> params) {
        String responseStr = "";
        InputStream is = null;
        HttpURLConnection conn = null;
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
        try {
            URL url = new URL(strUrl);
            conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            conn.setReadTimeout(HttpTools.ReadOutTime /* milliseconds */);
            conn.setConnectTimeout(HttpTools.ConnectOutTime /* milliseconds */);
            conn.setRequestMethod(HttpTools.GET);
            conn.setDoInput(true);
            conn.connect();
            int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
            if (responseCode == 200) {
                bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                        conn.getInputStream()));
                String line;
                while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                    responseStr += line;
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("obtainGetUrlContext is err");
        } finally {
            if (is != null) {
                try {
                    conn.disconnect();
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return responseStr;
    }

    /**
     *
     * 
     * @param strUrl
     * @param params
     * @return String
     */
    public static String obtainPostUrlContext(String strUrl,
            Map<String, String> params) {
        String responseStr = "";
        PrintWriter printWriter = null;
        HttpURLConnection conn = null;
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
        try {
            URL url = new URL(strUrl);
            conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
            conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
            conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length",
                    String.valueOf(PostRequestUrl(params).length()));
            conn.setReadTimeout(10000 /* milliseconds */);
            conn.setConnectTimeout(10000 /* milliseconds */);
            conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
            conn.setDoOutput(true);
            conn.setDoInput(true);
            printWriter = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
            printWriter.write(PostRequestUrl(params).toString());
            printWriter.flush();
            int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
            System.out.println(responseCode);
            if (responseCode != 200) {
                System.out.println("error");
            } else {
                bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                        conn.getInputStream()));
                String line;
                while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                    responseStr += line;
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            conn.disconnect();
            if (printWriter != null) {
                printWriter.close();
            }
        }
        return responseStr;
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param params
     * @return
     * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
    private static StringBuffer PostRequestUrl(Map<String, String> params) {
        StringBuffer buffers = new StringBuffer();
        Iterator<Entry<String, String>> it = params.entrySet().iterator();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            Map.Entry element = (Map.Entry) it.next();
            buffers.append(element.getKey());
            buffers.append("=");
            buffers.append(element.getValue());
            buffers.append("&");
            System.out.println(buffers);
        }
        if (buffers.length() > 0) {
            buffers.deleteCharAt(buffers.length() - 1);
        }
        return buffers;
    }
}

3. HttpTools.java

package org.example.myandroid;

public class HttpTools {

    public static final String TAG = "HttpTools";
    public static final String GET = "GET";
    public static final String POST = "POST";
    public static final int ReadOutTime = 100000;
    public static final int ConnectOutTime = 100000;
    public static final int ReadLength = 1024 * 500;
}

4. HttpURLConnectionTools.java

package org.example.myandroid;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;

public class HttpURLConnectionTools {

    /**
     * @param strUrl
     * @param params
     * @return String
     */
    public static String obtainGetUrlContext(String strUrl,
                                                    Map<String, String> params) {
        String responseStr = "";
        InputStream is = null;
        HttpURLConnection conn = null;
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
        try {
            URL url = new URL(strUrl);
            conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            conn.setReadTimeout(HttpTools.ReadOutTime /* milliseconds */);
            conn.setConnectTimeout(HttpTools.ConnectOutTime /* milliseconds */);
            conn.setRequestMethod(HttpTools.GET);
            conn.setDoInput(true);
            conn.connect();
            int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
            if (responseCode == 200) {
                bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                        conn.getInputStream()));
                String line;
                while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                    responseStr += line;
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("obtainGetUrlContext is err");
        } finally {
            if (is != null) {
                try {
                    conn.disconnect();
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return responseStr;
    }

    /**
     *
     * 
     * @param strUrl
     * @param params
     * @return String
     */
    public static String obtainPostUrlContext(String strUrl,
            Map<String, String> params) {
        String responseStr = "";
        PrintWriter printWriter = null;
        HttpURLConnection conn = null;
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
        try {
            URL url = new URL(strUrl);
            conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
            conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
            conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length",
                    String.valueOf(PostRequestUrl(params).length()));
            conn.setReadTimeout(10000 /* milliseconds */);
            conn.setConnectTimeout(10000 /* milliseconds */);
            conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
            conn.setDoOutput(true);
            conn.setDoInput(true);
            printWriter = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
            printWriter.write(PostRequestUrl(params).toString());
            printWriter.flush();
            int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
            System.out.println(responseCode);
            if (responseCode != 200) {
                System.out.println("error");
            } else {
                bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                        conn.getInputStream()));
                String line;
                while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                    responseStr += line;
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            conn.disconnect();
            if (printWriter != null) {
                printWriter.close();
            }
        }
        return responseStr;
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param params
     * @return
     * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
    private static StringBuffer PostRequestUrl(Map<String, String> params) {
        StringBuffer buffers = new StringBuffer();
        Iterator<Entry<String, String>> it = params.entrySet().iterator();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            Map.Entry element = (Map.Entry) it.next();
            buffers.append(element.getKey());
            buffers.append("=");
            buffers.append(element.getValue());
            buffers.append("&");
            System.out.println(buffers);
        }
        if (buffers.length() > 0) {
            buffers.deleteCharAt(buffers.length() - 1);
        }
        return buffers;
    }
}

5. ListAll.java

package org.example.myandroid;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ListView;

import org.example.callback.RequestCallBack;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class ListAll extends Activity{

    private String requestUrl = "http://10.22.92.95/WebService1.asmx/selectallData";
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.list_all);
        MyAsyncTask restClient = new MyAsyncTask(new RequestCallBack() {
            @Override
            public void onSuccess(String response) {
                //獲取服務端返回的字符串
                List list = getParameter(response,"string");
                List<Message> messages= new ArrayList<Message>();

                for(int i = 0;i < list.size(); i++)
                {
                    list.set(i,removeAllSpace((String) list.get(i)));
                }

                for(int i = 0; i < list.size();i+=18)
                {
                    Message message = new Message(list.get(i).toString(),list.get(i+1).toString(),
                            list.get(i+2).toString(),list.get(i+3).toString(), list.get(i+4).toString(),
                            list.get(i+5).toString(),list.get(i+6).toString(),list.get(i+7).toString(),
                            list.get(i+11).toString(),list.get(i+12).toString(), list.get(i+13).toString(),
                            list.get(i+14).toString(),list.get(i+15).toString(),list.get(i+16).toString());
                    messages.add(message);
                }

                final ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.messages_list);
                MessageAdapter adapter = new MessageAdapter(messages,ListAll.this);
                listView.setAdapter(adapter);
            }
            @Override
            public void onFailure() {
                //獲取失敗
            }
        });
        //第一個參數為選擇POST或者GET
        //第二個參數為請求的URL
        //第三個參數為請求參數Map集合
        Object[] params = { HttpTools.GET, requestUrl,
                null };
        restClient.execute(params);

    }

    public List<String> getParameter(String data,String para)
    {
        String result="";


        String reg = "<string>" +"(.*?)"+"</string>";

        Matcher matcher=Pattern.compile(reg).matcher(data);

        List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
        while(matcher.find())
        {
            result=matcher.group(1);
            list.add(result);
        }
        return list;
    }

    public String removeAllSpace(String str)
    {
        String tmpstr=str.trim();
        return tmpstr;
    }
}

剩下的就是 很簡單的數據類，和一些布局文件。

參考：http://blog.csdn.net/honyniu/article/details/38039343