Feign簡介
Feign 是一個聲明web服務客戶端,這便得編寫web服務客戶端更容易,使用Feign 創建一個接口並對它進行注解,它具有可插拔的注解支持包括Feign注解與JAX-RS注解,Feign還支持可插拔的編碼器與解碼器,Spring Cloud 增加了對 Spring MVC的注解,Spring Web 默認使用了HttpMessageConverters, Spring Cloud 集成 Ribbon 和 Eureka 提供的負載均衡的HTTP客戶端 Feign.
聲明式REST客戶端:Feign
先要啟動eureka_register_service工程(注冊中心)和biz-service-0工程(服務生產者)
創建一個maven工程eureka_feign_client
pom.xml
<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.4.3.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>Brixton.SR5</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement>
在應用主類中通過@EnableFeignClients注解開啟Feign功能
啟動文件FeignApplication.java
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class FeignApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(FeignApplication.class, args);
}
}
定義服務接口類UserClient.java
使用@FeignClient("biz-service-0")注解來綁定該接口對應biz-service-0服務
@FeignClient("biz-service-0")
public interface UserClient {
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET, value = "/getuser")
public User getuserinfo();
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET, value = "/getuser")
public String getuserinfostr();
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET, value = "/info")
public String info();
}
在web層中調用上面定義的UserController,具體如下
@RestController
public class UserController {
@Autowired
UserClient userClient;
@RequestMapping(value = "/getuserinfo", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public User getuserinfo() {
return userClient.getuserinfo();
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/getuserinfostr", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String getuserinfostr() {
return userClient.getuserinfostr();
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/info", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String info() {
return userClient.info();
}
}
application.properties配置變量
spring.application.name=feign-consumer server.port=8004 eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:8000/eureka/
訪問 http://127.0.0.1:8004/getuserinfo
總結:
其實通過Feign封裝了HTTP調用服務方法,使得客戶端像調用本地方法那樣直接調用方法,類似Dubbo中暴露遠程服務的方式,區別在於Dubbo是基於私有二進制協議,而Feign本質上還是個HTTP客戶端
