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和<%@include%>的區別

本文轉載自   查看原文   2017-06-25 21:59   12005    Java web

個人筆記（並非自己總結，而是從別人的博客上看到的）

<jsp:include> ：動態包含

1、<jsp:include>包含的是html文件

舉例： 

DynamicInclude.jsp:

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<html>
         <head>
                   <title>動態包含</title>
         </head>
         <bodystyle="background-color:lightblue">
 
                   <jsp:include page="header.html"flush="true"/><!--動態包含-->
 
                   <tableborder="1" align="center">
                            <tr>
                                     <td>姓名</td><td>性別</td><td>年齡</td><td>愛好</td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                     <td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>
                            </tr>
                   </table>
         </body>
</html>

Header.html ：

<h2style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center">
         動態包含的標題(HTML)
</h2>

運行之后，只生成一個servlet，和上面的代碼對應如下：

     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("<html>\r\n");
     out.write("\t<head>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t<title>動態包含</title>\r\n");
     out.write("\t</head>\r\n");
     out.write("\t<bodystyle=\"background-color:lightblue\">\r\n");
     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t");
     org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspRuntimeLibrary.include(request,response, "header.html", out, true);
     out.write("<!--動態包含-->\r\n");
     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t<table border=\"1\"align=\"center\">\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>姓名</td><td>性別</td><td>年齡</td><td>愛好</td>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t</table>\r\n");
     out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
     out.write("</html>");

2、<jsp:include>包含的是jsp文件
舉例：

DynamicInclude.jsp:

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<html>
         <head>
                   <title>動態包含</title>
         </head>
         <bodystyle="background-color:lightblue">
 
                   <jsp:include page="header.jsp"flush="true"/><!--動態包含-->
 
                   <tableborder="1" align="center">
                            <tr>
                                     <td>姓名</td><td>性別</td><td>年齡</td><td>愛好</td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                     <td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>
                            </tr>
                   </table>
         </body>
</html>
Header.jsp ：
<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<html>
         <body>
                   <h2style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center">
                            動態包含的標題(JSP)
                   </h2>
         </body>
</html>

運行之后，生成了兩個servlet：DynamicInclude_jsp.Java和header_jsp.java，這也是為什么 Header.jsp中要寫上<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>和完整的<html></html>和<body></body>，而Header.html不用寫的原因。因為前者兩個.jsp文件是兩個相互獨立的整體，它們之間的關系是通過request和reponse來發生的，而后者只是簡單的嵌套。兩個servlet對應的代碼如下：

DynamicInclude_jsp.java：

     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("<html>\r\n");
     out.write("\t<head>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t<title>動態包含</title>\r\n");
     out.write("\t</head>\r\n");
     out.write("\t<bodystyle=\"background-color:lightblue\">\r\n");
     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t");
     org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspRuntimeLibrary.include(request,response, "header.jsp", out, true);
     out.write("<!--動態包含-->\r\n");
     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t<table border=\"1\"align=\"center\">\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>姓名</td><td>性別</td><td>年齡</td><td>愛好</td>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t</table>\r\n");
     out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
     out.write("</html>");

header_jsp.java:    

     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("<html>\r\n");
     out.write("\t<body>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t<h2 style=\"font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center\">\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t動態包含的標題(JSP)\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t</h2>\r\n");
     out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
     out.write("</html>");


<%@include%>：靜態包含

1、<%@include%>包含的是jsp文件

StaticInclude.jsp:

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<html>
         <head>
                   <title>靜態包含</title>
         </head>
         <bodystyle="background-color:lightblue">
 
                   <%@include file="header.jsp"%><!--靜態包含-->
                   <tableborder="1" align="center">
                            <tr>
                                     <td>姓名</td><td>性別</td><td>年齡</td><td>愛好</td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                     <td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>
                            </tr>
                   </table>
         </body>
</html>

header.jsp:

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<h2style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center">
         靜態包含的標題(JSP)
</h2>

運行之后，只生成一個servlet，和上面的代碼對應如下：

     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("<html>\r\n");
     out.write("\t<head>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t<title>靜態包含</title>\r\n");
     out.write("\t</head>\r\n");
     out.write("\t<body style=\"background-color:lightblue\">\r\n");
     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t");
     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("<h2style=\"font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center\">\r\n");
     out.write("\t靜態包含的標題(JSP)\r\n");
     out.write("</h2>");
     out.write("<!--靜態包含-->\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t<table border=\"1\"align=\"center\">\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>姓名</td><td>性別</td><td>年齡</td><td>愛好</td>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
      out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t</table>\r\n");
     out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
     out.write("</html>");
 

2、<%@include%>包含的是html文件。

StaticInclude.jsp:

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<html>
         <head>
                   <title>靜態包含</title>
         </head>
         <bodystyle="background-color:lightblue">
 
                   <%@include file="header.html"%><!--靜態包含-->
                   <tableborder="1" align="center">
                            <tr>
                                     <td>姓名</td><td>性別</td><td>年齡</td><td>愛好</td>
                            </tr>
                            <tr>
                                     <td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>
                            </tr>
                   </table>
         </body>
</html>

header.html:

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<h2style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center">
         靜態包含的標題(HTML)
</h2>

運行之后，也是只生成一個servlet，和上面的代碼對應如下：

     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("<html>\r\n");
     out.write("\t<head>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t<title>靜態包含</title>\r\n");
     out.write("\t</head>\r\n");
     out.write("\t<bodystyle=\"background-color:lightblue\">\r\n");
     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t");
     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("<h2style=\"font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center\">\r\n");
     out.write("\t靜態包含的標題(HTML)\r\n");
     out.write("</h2>");
     out.write("<!--靜態包含-->\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t<table border=\"1\"align=\"center\">\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>姓名</td><td>性別</td><td>年齡</td><td>愛好</td>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t</table>\r\n");
     out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
     out.write("</html>");
 

由上可以總結出：

對於靜態包含，<%@include%>，中包含的文件，只是簡單的嵌入到主文件中，就是在jsp頁面轉化成Servlet時才嵌入到主文件中，因為運行的結果是只生成了一個Servlet。

而對於動態包含<jsp:incude>，如果被包含文件是動態的，那么就會生成兩個Servlet，也就是被包含文件也要經過jsp引擎編譯執行生成一個Servlet，兩個Servlet通過request和reponse進行通信。如果被包含的文件是靜態的，那么這種情況和<%@include>就很相似，只生成了一個Servlet，但是他們之間沒有進行簡單的嵌入，而依然是通過request和reponse進行的通信。


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