作為dubbo框架初學者,能讓框架跑起來非常不容易,非常感謝網上諸多大神提供的文章,本人參考文章地址是:https://my.oschina.net/xshuai/blog/891281
不過別人的記錄終究不適合自己,所以還是按照自己的風格簡單記錄下學習dubbo整合的步驟。
windows環境介紹:
myeclipse 10
jdk1.6
tomcat 6.0.35
一、安裝Zookeeper
1.通過鏈接下載對應的包 http://www.apache.org/dist/zookeeper/
2.Zookeeper下載后解壓即可,見下圖
3.進入到conf里面,會看到zoo_sample.cfg文件。將zoo_sample.cfg改成bak文件,並復制一個修改為zoo.cfg,修改相關配置內容,注意修改的日志文件夾需要自己手動創建
4.進入D:\zookeeper-3.4.6\bin,雙擊zkServer.cmd,見到如下界面,就表示zookeeper已啟動成功
二、安裝dubbo
1.本人使用的是dubbo-admin-2.5.3.war,下載地址:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1eSnuqEQ
2.拷貝一個新的tomcat,並將tomcat/webapps里面的ROOT文件夾刪掉
3.將dubbo-admin-2.5.3.war重命名為ROOT.war,並拷貝到tomcat/webapps目錄下
4.啟動tomcat
出現上述問題表示你沒有啟動zookeeper
5.dubbo發布成功后,輸入http://localhost:8889/dubbo-admin-2.5.3/,此時出現登錄頁面,輸入root/root進行登錄,登錄成功后如圖
三、創建服務提供服務(provider)
項目結構如下圖
相應的類中的代碼如下:
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <display-name></display-name> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> <servlet> <servlet-name>provider</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> classpath:applicationContext.xml,classpath:applicationContext-servlet.xml </param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>provider</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- 字符過濾器 --> <filter> <filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
DemoService.java
package com.provider; public interface DemoService { String sayHello(String name); }
DemoServiceImpl.java
package com.provider; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service(value="demoService") public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService{ public String sayHello(String name) { return "Hello Dubbo,Hello " + name; } }
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd" > <context:component-scan base-package="com.**"></context:component-scan> <!-- 引入服務提供者配置文件 --> <import resource="dubbo-provider.xml" /> </beans>
dubbo-provider.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"> <!-- 提供方應用信息,用於計算依賴關系 --> <dubbo:application name="hello-world-provider" /> <!-- 使用multicast廣播注冊中心暴露服務地址 --> <!-- <dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234" /> --> <!-- 使用zookeeper注冊中心暴露服務地址 --> <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" /> <!-- 用dubbo協議在20880端口暴露服務 --> <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" /> <!-- 聲明需要暴露的服務接口 --> <dubbo:service interface="com.provider.DemoService" ref="demoService" /> <!-- 和本地bean一樣實現服務 --> <!-- <bean id="demoService" class="com.provider.DemoServiceImpl" /> --> </beans>
applicationContext-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd http://www.springframewor.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd" default-autowire="byName"> <!-- 默認的注解映射的支持 --> <mvc:annotation-driven> <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true"> <bean class ="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"> <property name ="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value> </list> </property> </bean> </mvc:message-converters> </mvc:annotation-driven> <!-- 視圖解釋類 --> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> </bean> <!-- 加載靜態資源 --> <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/" /> <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/" /> <mvc:resources mapping="/images/**" location="/images/" /> </beans>
四、創建調用服務(customer)
customer服務架構和provider一致,拷貝一個即可
相應的代碼如下:
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd" > <context:component-scan base-package="com.**"></context:component-scan> <!-- 引入消費者配置文件 --> <import resource="dubbo-consumer.xml" /> </beans>
dubbo-consumer.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"> <!-- 消費方應用名,用於計算依賴關系,不是匹配條件,不要與提供方一樣 --> <dubbo:application name="hello-world-customer"/> <!-- 使用multicast廣播注冊中心暴露發現服務地址 --> <!-- <dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234" /> --> <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" check="false"/> <!-- 生成遠程服務代理,可以和本地bean一樣使用demoService --> <dubbo:reference id="demoService" interface="com.provider.DemoService" check="false"/> </beans>
applicationContext-servlet.xml 和provider中的代碼一致,就不貼出來了,本項目中其實這個文件可以不用
CustomerAction.java測試類
package com.customer; import javax.annotation.Resource; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import com.provider.DemoService; @Controller @RequestMapping(value="/customerTest") public class CustomerAction { @Resource(name="demoService") private DemoService demoService; @RequestMapping(value="/test.do") public ModelAndView test(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){ System.out.println("成功"); String result = demoService.sayHello("world"); System.out.println(result); return null; } }
五、共享服務
注意:需要將服務提供的接口打成jar包,放入customer中
六、測試
步驟:1、先啟動zookeeper服務
2、啟動dubbo服務
3、啟動provider服務
4、啟動customer服務
正常會出現如下界面
錯誤總結:
若按照上述測試步驟分別在不同的tomcat中啟動服務,應該一切正常
若2、3、4這三步放在同一個tomcat中啟動,會出現如下錯誤。
看下關鍵異常:No provider available for the service
此異常是由於服務沒有可以使用的提供者,就是說在zookeeper注冊中心(zookeeper-url)中沒有可供消費者調用的url,消費者訪問提供者就失敗了。
具體原因分析:由於dobbo在啟動的時候會去檢查各服務之間的依賴關系,由於啟動的時候消費者沒有檢查到提供者提供的服務(此時可能提供者還沒啟動),所以報錯
在消費者配置文件中,需要將<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181"/>修改為<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" check="false"/>
由於dubbo在注冊的時候是默認會檢查服務的依賴關系的