Linux下的啟動oracle服務 啟動監聽 開放端口操作

嘗試登錄oracle

使用root用戶將沒有sqlplus命令

[root@localhost ~]# sqlplus /nolog

bash: sqlplus: 未找到命令...

 

 

[root@localhost ~]# su oracle

[oracle@localhost root]$ sqlplus /nolog

bash: sqlplus: 未找到命令...

 

 

切換為oracle賬戶嘗試登錄oracle 此處的/和as之間要有空格 而且只有用oracle賬戶登錄才能生效 否則會提示輸入賬號密碼。

[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

 

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri May 26 22:56:08 2017

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

Connected to an idle instance.

 

發現oracle沒有啟動

SQL> select 1 from dual;

select 1 from dual

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01034: ORACLE not available

Process ID: 0

Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

 

啟動oracle

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area  839282688 bytes

Fixed Size    2217992 bytes

Variable Size  494929912 bytes

Database Buffers  335544320 bytes

Redo Buffers    6590464 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> select 1 from dual;

 

1

----------

1

 

查看開放的端口沒有1521

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@localhost ~]$ nmap 127.0.0.1

 

Starting Nmap 6.40 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2017-05-26 22:57 CST

Nmap scan report for localhost (127.0.0.1)

Host is up (0.0011s latency).

Not shown: 996 closed ports

PORT    STATE SERVICE

22/tcp  open  ssh

25/tcp  open  smtp

111/tcp open  rpcbind

631/tcp open  ipp

 

Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.10 seconds

 

查看oracle監聽的狀態發現監聽沒有開啟

[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl status

 

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 26-MAY-2017 22:58:03

 

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))

TNS-12541: TNS:no listener

 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error

  TNS-00511: No listener

   Linux Error: 111: Connection refused

 

開啟監聽

[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl start  

 

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 26-MAY-2017 22:58:11

 

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

Starting /u01/oracle/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

 

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

System parameter file is /u01/oracle/network/admin/listener.ora

Log messages written to /u01/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))

 

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias                     LISTENER

Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date                26-MAY-2017 22:58:11

Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec

Trace Level               off

Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP                      OFF

Listener Parameter File   /u01/oracle/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File         /u01/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))

The listener supports no services

The command completed successfully

 

再次查看端口已經有了1521

[root@localhost oracle]# nmap 127.0.0.1

Nmap scan report for localhost (127.0.0.1)

Host is up (0.000043s latency).

Not shown: 995 closed ports

PORT     STATE SERVICE

22/tcp   open  ssh

25/tcp   open  smtp

111/tcp  open  rpcbind

631/tcp  open  ipp

1521/tcp open  oracle

 

但是在虛擬機外部仍然無法聯通，telnet 1521端口失敗，懷疑是防火牆，然后修改防火牆的配置文件解決。修改防火牆參考：http://blog.csdn.net/barryxt/article/details/18040335

 

 

在修改防火牆配置的時候，發現了一個問題。即使在/etc/sysconfig/iptables里配置了防火牆規則，在系統啟動的時候是不生效的，要執行重啟命令service iptables restart才能生效，否則讀取的不是/etc/sysconfig/iptables的配置，而是系統的默認配置，如下：

 

此時是默認化配置吧？只有22.

[root@localhost oracle]#  iptables -nL
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination        
ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
INPUT_direct  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
INPUT_ZONES_SOURCE  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
INPUT_ZONES  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
ACCEPT     icmp --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
REJECT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination        
ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
FORWARD_direct  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
FORWARD_IN_ZONES_SOURCE  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
FORWARD_IN_ZONES  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
FORWARD_OUT_ZONES_SOURCE  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
FORWARD_OUT_ZONES  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
ACCEPT     icmp --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
REJECT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination        
OUTPUT_direct  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          

Chain FORWARD_IN_ZONES (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        
FWDI_public  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]
FWDI_public  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]

Chain FORWARD_IN_ZONES_SOURCE (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain FORWARD_OUT_ZONES (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        
FWDO_public  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]
FWDO_public  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]

Chain FORWARD_OUT_ZONES_SOURCE (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain FORWARD_direct (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain FWDI_public (2 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        
FWDI_public_log  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
FWDI_public_deny  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
FWDI_public_allow  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          

Chain FWDI_public_allow (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain FWDI_public_deny (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain FWDI_public_log (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain FWDO_public (2 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        
FWDO_public_log  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
FWDO_public_deny  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
FWDO_public_allow  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          

Chain FWDO_public_allow (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain FWDO_public_deny (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain FWDO_public_log (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain INPUT_ZONES (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        
IN_public  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]
IN_public  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]

Chain INPUT_ZONES_SOURCE (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain INPUT_direct (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain IN_public (2 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        
IN_public_log  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
IN_public_deny  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
IN_public_allow  all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          

Chain IN_public_allow (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        
ACCEPT     tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            tcp dpt:22 ctstate NEW

Chain IN_public_deny (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain IN_public_log (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

Chain OUTPUT_direct (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination        

重啟一下：

[root@localhost oracle]# service iptables restart

此處就是配置文件里的配置了：
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart  iptables.service
[root@localhost oracle]#  iptables -n -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination        
ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT     icmp --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0          
ACCEPT     tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            state NEW tcp dpt:22
ACCEPT     tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            state NEW tcp dpt:1521
REJECT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination        
REJECT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination