C#實現SQL數據庫備份與恢復

有兩種方法，都是保存為.bak文件。一種是直接用Sql語句執行，另一種是通過引用SQL Server的SQLDMO組件來實現:

 1.通過執行Sql語句來實現

注意，用Sql語句實現備份與還原操作時，最好不要使用需要備份或還原的數據庫連接，而使用master，否則可能會出現如下三個問題：(1)超時時間已到。在操作完成之前超時時間已過或服務器未響應。(2)  在向服務器發送請求時發生傳輸級錯誤。(provider:共享內存提供程序,error:0-系統無法打開文件。)  (3)從服務器接收結果時發生傳輸級錯誤。(provider:共享內存提供程序，error:0   -   系統無法打開文件。) ，如果一定要用這個連接的話，要注意在執行Sql語句前加個Sql語句： use master，這樣可能會解決以上問題。

 

     ( 1)數據備份語句：backup database  數據庫名 to disk='保存路徑/dbName.bak'

     (2)數據恢復語句：restore database 數據庫名 from disk='保存路徑/dbName.bak'   WITH MOVE 'dbName_Data' TO 'c:/tcomcrm20041217.mdf', --數據文件還原后存放的新位置
MOVE 'dbName_Log' TO 'c:/comcrm20041217.ldf' ----日志文件還原后存放的新位置

關於這兩個語句還有更詳細的介紹：http://blog.csdn.net/holyrong/archive/2007/08/29/1764105.aspx

            //數據庫備份與恢復實例

            private void btnBak_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  //備份
        {
            string saveAway = this.tbxBakLoad.Text.ToString().Trim();
            string cmdText =  @"backup database " + System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["dbName"] + " to disk='" + saveAway + "'";
            BakReductSql(cmdText,true);            
        }

 

        private void btnReduct_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)   //恢復
        {
            string openAway = this.tbxReductLoad.Text.ToString().Trim();//讀取文件的路徑
            string cmdText =  @"restore database " + System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["dbName"] + " from disk='" + openAway + "'";            
            BakReductSql(cmdText,false);
        }

 

        /// <summary>
        /// 對數據庫的備份和恢復操作，Sql語句實現
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cmdText">實現備份或恢復的Sql語句</param>
        /// <param name="isBak">該操作是否為備份操作，是為true否，為false</param>
        private void BakReductSql(string cmdText,bool isBak)
        {
            SqlCommand cmdBakRst = new SqlCommand();
            SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=master;uid=sa;pwd=;");

            try
            {
                conn.Open();
                cmdBakRst.Connection = conn;
                cmdBakRst.CommandType = CommandType.Text;
                if (!isBak)      //如果是恢復操作
                {
                     string setOffline = "Alter database GroupMessage Set Offline With rollback immediate ";
                    string setOnline = " Alter database GroupMessage Set Online With Rollback immediate";
                    cmdBakRst.CommandText = setOffline + cmdText + setOnline;
                }
                else
                {
                    cmdBakRst.CommandText = cmdText;
                }
                cmdBakRst.ExecuteNonQuery();
                if (!isBak)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("恭喜你，數據成功恢復為所選文檔的狀態！", "系統消息");
                }
                else
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("恭喜，你已經成功備份當前數據！", "系統消息");
                }
            }
            catch (SqlException sexc)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("失敗，可能是對數據庫操作失敗，原因：" + sexc, "數據庫錯誤消息");
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("對不起，操作失敗，可能原因：" + ex, "系統消息");
            }
            finally
            {
                cmdBakRst.Dispose();
                conn.Close();
                conn.Dispose();
            }
        }

 

另外，如果出現：“尚未備份數據庫的日志尾部”錯誤，可以在還原語句后加上 With Replace 或 With stopat

                   

 

2.用SQLDMO實現（下面代碼引用別人的）

    //數據庫備份
        string backaway =textbox1.Text.Trim();
            SQLDMO.Backup oBackup = new SQLDMO.BackupClass();
            SQLDMO.SQLServer oSQLServer = new SQLDMO.SQLServerClass();
            try
            {
                oSQLServer.LoginSecure = false;
                //下面設置登錄sql服務器的ip,登錄名,登錄密碼
                oSQLServer.Connect(serverip, serverid, serverpwd);
                oBackup.Action = 0;
               //下面兩句是顯示進度條的狀態
                SQLDMO.BackupSink_PercentCompleteEventHandler pceh = new SQLDMO.BackupSink_PercentCompleteEventHandler(Step2);
                oBackup.PercentComplete += pceh;
                //數據庫名稱:
                oBackup.Database = "k2";
                //備份的路徑
                oBackup.Files = @backaway;
                //備份的文件名
                oBackup.BackupSetName = "k2";
                oBackup.BackupSetDescription = "數據庫備份";
                oBackup.Initialize = true;
                oBackup.SQLBackup(oSQLServer);
                MessageBox.Show("備份成功！", "提示");
            }
            catch
            {
                MessageBox.Show("備份失敗！", "提示");
            }
            finally
            {
                oSQLServer.DisConnect();
            }



//數據庫恢復
        //獲取恢復的路徑
        string dbaway = textbox2.Text.Trim();
            SQLDMO.Restore restore = new SQLDMO.RestoreClass();
            SQLDMO.SQLServer server = new SQLDMO.SQLServerClass();
            server.Connect(serverip, serverid, serverpwd);

            //KILL DataBase Process
            conn = new 工資管理系統.CCUtility.connstring();
            conn.DBOpen();
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("use master Select spid FROM sysprocesses ,sysdatabases Where sysprocesses.dbid=sysdatabases.dbid AND sysdatabases.Name='k2'", conn.Connection);
            SqlDataReader dr = cmd.ExecuteReader();
            while (dr.Read())
            {
                server.KillProcess(Convert.ToInt32(dr[0].ToString()));
            }
            dr.Close();
            conn.DBClose();

            try
            {
                restore.Action = 0;
                SQLDMO.RestoreSink_PercentCompleteEventHandler pceh = new SQLDMO.RestoreSink_PercentCompleteEventHandler(Step); 
                restore.PercentComplete += pceh;
                restore.Database = "k2";
                restore.Files = @dbaway;
                restore.ReplaceDatabase = true;
                restore.SQLRestore(server);
                MessageBox.Show("數據庫恢復成功！");
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }
            finally
            {
                server.DisConnect();
            }

恢復相關的參數和備份相同,不再解釋,自己看一下.

上面兩個函數調用到了更改進度條的兩個函數:

       private void Step2(string message, int percent)
        {
            progressBar2.Value = percent;
        }

        private void Step(string message, int percent)
        {
            progressBar1.Value = percent;
        }

setp對應備份,,setp2對應恢復....