目標：
Tomcat+Nginx+Memcached
Ubuntu 16.04 64位測試通過
動靜分類、負載均衡、集群、Javolution序列化、高性能、高可用
配置環境（目前均為最新穩定版）：
jdk-8u131-linux-x64
apache-tomcat-8.5.14
nginx-1.12.0
memcached-1.4.36
寫在前面：
原本打算配置kryo序列化框架的，卻怎么也弄不成功，只能用Javolution了
如果最后發現不成功一般問題都會出在Tomcat，看看日志解決
tomcat下可以部署多個項目，並且依舊動靜分類
nginx配置了將jsp,servlet,do文件后綴交給Tomcat處理，可以根據情況添加
如果不使用root賬號運行nginx的話，nginx的user配置是沒用的
Tomcat,nginx都進行了優化配置，無需修改原工程的任何內容，直接放到Tomcat/webapps里即可
過程：
過程較長，請仔細
#sudo passwd #使用管理員來進行配置 sudo su #更新軟件列表 apt-get update #安裝所需依賴文件 apt-get install gcc zlib1g zlib1g-dev openssl libssl-dev libpcre3 libpcre3-dev libevent-dev #重啟（建議） reboot sudo su #安裝配置JDK，下載地址：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html
tar -zxvf jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz mv jdk1.8.0_131 /usr/local/jdk #配置JDK環境變量 sed -i '$a ulimit -n 65535' /etc/profile sed -i '$a export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk' /etc/profile sed -i '$a export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre' /etc/profile sed -i '$a export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH' /etc/profile sed -i '$a export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH' /etc/profile source /etc/profile rm jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz #安裝配置memcached wget http://www.memcached.org/files/memcached-1.4.36.tar.gz
tar -zxvf memcached-1.4.36.tar.gz cd memcached-1.4.36 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached make && make install cd .. && rm -rf memcached-1.4.36 && rm memcached-1.4.36.tar.gz #安裝配置Tomcat wget http://apache.fayea.com/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.14/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.14.tar.gz
tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-8.5.14.tar.gz #下載加入lib文件以支持共享session cd apache-tomcat-8.5.14/lib wget http://central.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/msm/memcached-session-manager/2.1.1/memcached-session-manager-2.1.1.jar
wget http://central.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/msm/memcached-session-manager-tc8/2.1.1/memcached-session-manager-tc8-2.1.1.jar
wget http://central.maven.org/maven2/net/spy/spymemcached/2.11.1/spymemcached-2.11.1.jar
wget http://central.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/msm/msm-javolution-serializer/2.1.1/msm-javolution-serializer-2.1.1.jar
wget http://central.maven.org/maven2/javolution/javolution/5.4.5/javolution-5.4.5.jar
cd .. && cd .. #禁止TLDs掃描新加入的jar包 sed -i '134c xom-*.jar,javolution-5.4.5.jar,memcached-session-manager-2.1.1.jar,memcached-session-manager-tc8-2.1.1.jar,msm-javolution-serializer-2.1.1.jar,spymemcached-2.11.1.jar' apache-tomcat-8.5.14/conf/catalina.properties #tomcat的優化配置,在102行處插入內容 sed -i '102c export JAVA_OPTS="-server -Xms1000M -Xmx1000M -Xss512k -XX:+AggressiveOpts -XX:+UseBiasedLocking -XX:+DisableExplicitGC -XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=15 -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+CMSParallelRemarkEnabled -XX:+UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection -XX:LargePageSizeInBytes=128m -XX:+UseFastAccessorMethods -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly -Djava.awt.headless=true"' apache-tomcat-8.5.14/bin/catalina.sh
rm -rf apache-tomcat-8.5.14/webapps mkdir -vp apache-tomcat-8.5.14/webapps/ROOT cp -r apache-tomcat-8.5.14 /usr/local/tomcat mv apache-tomcat-8.5.14 /usr/local/tomcat2 chown ubuntu.ubuntu -R /usr/local/tomcat chown ubuntu.ubuntu -R /usr/local/tomcat2 rm apache-tomcat-8.5.14.tar.gz #創建測試網頁 touch /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp echo '<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><html><head><title>Tomcat1</title></head><body><%=session.getId()%></body></html>' >/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp touch /usr/local/tomcat2/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp echo '<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><html><head><title>Tomcat2</title></head><body><%=session.getId()%></body></html>' >/usr/local/tomcat2/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp #配置共享session #由於我們靜態文件交由nginx處理，所以無需配置requestUriIgnorePattern #同時我們配置使用了Javolution序列化框架 vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/context.xml #在<Context>標簽內加入下面的內容 ################################################## <Manager className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager" memcachedNodes="n1:127.0.0.1:11211,n2:127.0.0.1:11311" failoverNodes="n1" transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.javolution.JavolutionTranscoderFactory"
/> ################################################## #同樣的tomcat2也需要加入內容，唯一不同是failoverNodes改為n2 vim /usr/local/tomcat2/conf/context.xml ################################################## <Manager className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager" memcachedNodes="n1:127.0.0.1:11211,n2:127.0.0.1:11311" failoverNodes="n2" transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.javolution.JavolutionTranscoderFactory"
/> ################################################## #修改端口配置，修改下面的內容 vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml ################################################## #由於我們的tomcat是運行在一台服務器上，所以需要在Engine節點分別添加jvmRoute="tomcat"和jvmRoute="tomcat2" #依舊是優化過的配置，並且沒有開啟gzip，因為nginx已經開啟了 <Connector port="8080" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol" URIEncoding="UTF-8" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" maxThreads="1000" minSpareThreads="100" maxSpareThreads="1000" minProcessors="100" maxProcessors="1000" connectionTimeout="25000" acceptCount="1000" enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true" redirectPort="8443" /> ........ <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat"> ################################################## #同樣修改tomcat2端口配置 vim /usr/local/tomcat2/conf/server.xml ################################################## <Connector port="8180" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol" URIEncoding="UTF-8" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" maxThreads="1000" minSpareThreads="100" maxSpareThreads="1000" minProcessors="100" maxProcessors="1000" connectionTimeout="25000" acceptCount="1000" enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true" redirectPort="8443" /> ........ <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat2"> ################################################## #同時將Tomcat2的配置文件中所有的8080端口改為8180，8005改為8105，8009改為8109，由於是和nginx交互所以不用配置SSL #配置下面的內容來優化tomcat #安裝配置apr wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-1.5.2.tar.gz
tar -zxvf apr-1.5.2.tar.gz cd apr-1.5.2 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr make && make install cd .. && rm -rf apr-1.5.2 && rm apr-1.5.2.tar.gz #安裝配置apr-util wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz
tar -zxvf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz cd apr-util-1.5.4 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr make && make install cd .. && rm -rf apr-util-1.5.4 && rm apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz #安裝配置tomcat-native wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-connectors/native/1.2.12/source/tomcat-native-1.2.12-src.tar.gz
tar -zxvf tomcat-native-1.2.12-src.tar.gz cd tomcat-native-1.2.12-src/native && ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr make && make install cd .. && cd .. && rm -rf tomcat-native-1.2.12-src && rm tomcat-native-1.2.12-src.tar.gz #配置tomcat-native環境變量 sed -i '$a export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/apr/lib' /etc/profile source /etc/profile #最后安裝配置Nginx wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz cd nginx-1.12.0 && ./configure --user=ubuntu --group=ubuntu --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module make && make install
chown ubuntu.ubuntu -R /usr/local/nginx cd .. && rm -rf nginx-1.12.0 && rm nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz #首先將ssl證書放入/usr/local/nginx/conf/目錄下，分別為cert.crt和cert.key文件，如果不配置SSL則跳過 vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf #設置nginx.conf，已經做了配置優化，如果不需要SSL則更改相應配置即可 ################################################## user ubuntu ubuntu; worker_processes auto; worker_rlimit_nofile 65535; error_log logs/error.log warn; pid logs/nginx.pid; events { use epoll; worker_connections 65500; } http { server_tokens off; include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; charset utf-8; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; reset_timedout_connection on; keepalive_timeout 30; open_file_cache max=65535 inactive=20s; open_file_cache_min_uses 1; open_file_cache_valid 30s; gzip on; gzip_comp_level 5; gzip_min_length 256; gzip_proxied any; gzip_vary on; gzip_http_version 1.0; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_types text/plain text/css text/xml application/xml text/x-json application/json image/svg+xml image/png image/jpeg image/x-icon image/gif text/javascript application/javascript application/x-javascript application/x-font-truetype application/x-font-woff application/vnd.ms-fontobject; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\."; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; proxy_buffer_size 32k; proxy_buffers 4 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; upstream tomcat_server { server localhost:8080 weight=1; server localhost:8180 weight=1; } server { listen 80; server_name localhost; return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
} server { listen 443 ssl; server_name localhost; ssl_certificate cert.crt; ssl_certificate_key cert.key; ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m; ssl_session_timeout 5m; ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; location / { root /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT; index index.html index.jsp index.htm; expires 30d; } location ~ \.(jsp|servlet|do)$ { index index.html index.jsp index.htm; proxy_pass http://tomcat_server;
} error_page 400 404 414 500 502 503 504 /error.html; } } ################################################## #建議檢查gzip類型中是否不存在你需要用的類型 #如果你的tomcat中配置了多個項目，只需要在nginx.conf中加入下面內容即可 location /你的項目名 { root /usr/local/tomcat/webapps; index index.html index.jsp index.htm; expires 30d; } ################################################## #保存后，輸入下面的命令來檢查配置 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t #重啟nginx命令：sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload #切換至普通用戶 su ubuntu #啟動memcached，同時可以使用ps -ef | grep memcached查看已經開啟的 /usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -m 64M -u ubuntu -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11211 -c 32750 -P /tmp/memcached-n1.pid /usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -m 64M -u ubuntu -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11311 -c 32750 -P /tmp/memcached-n2.pid #啟動Tomcat，務必使用普通用戶運行Tomcat /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh && /usr/local/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh #啟動nginx，務必使用管理員權限運行nginx sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #到這里以及能夠成功訪問了！多刷新幾次就會發現服務器1和2是隨機訪問到的，並且session是相同的