Kali Linux下常用軟件安裝及配置

0x00 Synaptic

Synaptic（新立得）是一個高級軟件包管理器，它可以管理系統內安裝的每個軟件及包組件，在圖形界面內完成LINUX系統軟件的搜尋、安裝和刪除。

Synaptic安裝簡單，命令如下：

yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install synaptic

運行Synaptic，輸入關鍵詞后，可篩選列舉更新源中獲取的所有相關包。

0x01 OpenVPN

使用國外VPS搭建OpenVPN，實現本地Kali客戶端與遠程Ubuntu服務端的VPN通信。

服務端

1. 下載並安裝 LZO && OpenSSL && OpenVPN
2. 生成密鑰文件

   root@server:/# openvpn --genkey --secret /etc/openvpn/secret.key

   密鑰文件secret.key需拷貝至客戶端
3. 服務端配置文件

   root@server:/# vi /et/openvpn/server.conf

   dev tun
   ifconfig 172.16.10.1 172.16.10.2
   keepalive 10 60
   proto tcp-server
   port 1119
   #user nobody
   #group nogroup
   persist-tun
   persist-key
   comp-lzo
   verb 3
   secret /etc/openvpn/secret.key

4. 添加開機啟動

   root@server:/# vi /etc/rc.local

   echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
   iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 172.16.10.1/32 -o venet0 -j MASQUERADE
   iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 172.16.10.2/32 -o venet0 -j MASQUERADE
   /usr/local/sbin/openvpn /etc/openvpn/server.conf &
   exit 0

客戶端

1. 拷貝密鑰文件至/etc/openvpn/secret.key
2. 客戶端配置文件

   yogy@kali:~$ sudo vi /etc/openvpn/client.ovpn

   dev tun
   remote 12.34.56.78 # remote ip address of openvpn server
   ifconfig 172.16.10.2 172.16.10.1
   keepalive 10 60
   proto tcp-client
   port 1119
   persist-tun
   persist-key
   comp-lzo
   verb 3
   secret /etc/openvpn/secret.key
   redirect-gateway def1

3. 運行OpenVPN建立通信

   yogy@kali:~$ sudo openvpn /etc/openvpn/client.ovpn

   Sat Jul 11 12:11:55 2015 OpenVPN 2.2.1 x86_64-linux-gnu [SSL] [LZO2] [EPOLL] [PKCS11] [eurephia] [MH] [PF_INET6] [IPv6 payload 20110424-2 (2.2RC2)] built on Dec 1 2014
   ...
   Sat Jul 11 12:11:57 2015 Initialization Sequence Completed

0x02 VirtualBox

VirtualBox小巧精悍，適合用於Kali中運行Windows7虛擬機。

1. 添加源及密鑰

   yogy@kali:~$ sudo echo "deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian wheezy contrib" >> /etc/apt/sources.list yogy@kali:~$ wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -

2. 更新源並安裝

   yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get update yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install virtualbox-4.3 dkms

3. 修改虛擬系統文件大小

   yogy@kali:~/VirtualBox VMs/win7$ vboxmanage modifyhd win7.vdi --resize 52428

4. 刪除多余內核

   yogy@kali:~$ dpkg --get-selections | grep linux-image linux-image-3.18.0-kali3-amd64 install linux-image-3.7-trunk-amd64 install yogy@kali:~$ uname -a Linux kali 3.18.0-kali3-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.18.6-1~kali2 (2015-03-02) x86_64 GNU/Linux yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get remove linux-image-3.7-trunk-amd64 yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get autoclean

5. USB賦權

   • 將當前用戶加入vboxusers組

     yogy@kali:sudo /usr/sbin/usermod -G vboxusers -a yogy

   • 查詢vboxusers組編號

     yogy@kali:~$ cat /etc/group | grep vboxusers

     vboxusers:x:137:yogy

   • 添加讀寫權限

     yogy@kali:~$ sudo echo "none /proc/bus/usb usbfs devgid=137,devmode=664 0 0" >> /etc/fstab

6. 啟動USB
   下載並添加VirtualBox擴展包，啟動USB 2.0控制器，分配USB設備。

0x03 Code::Blocks

Code::Blocks是一款輕量級開源跨平台C/C++ IDE，極力推薦。

1. 官網下載源碼
2. 二次解壓*.tar.xz

   yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ xz -d codeblocks-13.12-1_amd64.debian.stable.tar.xz yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ tar -zxvf codeblocks-13.12-1_amd64.debian.stable.tar

3. 安裝*.deb

   yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ cd /debian-stable/amd64 yogy@kali:~/Downloads/debian-stable/amd64$ sudo dpkg -i *.deb yogy@kali:~/Downloads/debian-stable/amd64$ sudo apt-get -f install yogy@kali:~/Downloads/debian-stable/amd64$ sudo dpkg -i codeblocks-common_13.12-1_all.deb

4. 修改輸出終端
   Environment settings -- General settings -- Terminal to launch console programs: gnome-terminal -t $TITLE -x
5. 漢化（可選）
   • 下載*.mo
   • 移至指定目錄

     yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ mkdir -p /usr/share/codeblocks/locale/zh_CN yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ cp codeblocks.mo /usr/share/codeblocks/locale/zh_CN

   • Environment settings -- View -- Internationalization: Chinese (Simplified)

0x04 Pycharm

給最愛的Python，配最好的IDE。

1. 修改java版本

   yogy@kali:~$ update-alternatives --config java

   有 2 個候選項可用於替換 java (提供 /usr/bin/java)。
   選擇 路徑 優先級 狀態
   * 0 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java 1061 自動模式
   1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java 1061 手動模式
   2 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java 1051 手動模式
   要維持當前值[*]請按回車鍵，或者鍵入選擇的編號：2

   yogy@kali:~$ update-alternatives --config javac

   有 2 個候選項可用於替換 javac (提供 /usr/bin/javac)。
   選擇 路徑 優先級 狀態
   * 0 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac 1061 自動模式
   1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac 1061 手動模式
   2 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac 1051 手動模式
   要維持當前值[*]請按回車鍵，或者鍵入選擇的編號：2
   update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac to provide /usr/bin/javac (javac) in 手動模式

2. 下載並安裝

   yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ wget http://download-cf.jetbrains.com/python/pycharm-professional-4.5.2.tar.gz yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ sudo tar -zxvf pycharm-professional-4.5.2.tar.gz yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ sudo cp -r pycharm-4.5.2 /opt/

3. 獲取注冊碼
   Jetbrains旗下產品，學生可通過University email address、ISIC/ITIC membership、Official document三種方式免費申請。

4. 創建快捷方式

   • 手動創建

     yogy@kali:/usr/share/applications$ sudo gedit jetbrains-pycharm.desktop

     [Desktop Entry]
     Version=1.0
     Type=Application
     Name=PyCharm
     Icon=/opt/pycharm-4.5.2/bin/pycharm.png
     Exec="/opt/pycharm-4.5.2/bin/pycharm.sh" %f
     Comment=Develop with pleasure!
     Categories=Development;IDE;
     Terminal=false
     StartupWMClass=jetbrains-pycharm

   • 軟件創建
     Configure -- Creat Desktop Entry

0x05 ns-3

ns-3是針對互聯網系統的離散事件網絡仿真平台，主要用於研究。

1. 下載ns-3源碼

   yogy@kali:/home/yogy/Workspace$ wget http://www.nsnam.org/release/ns-allinone-3.23.tar.bz2 yogy@kali:/home/yogy/Workspace$ tar xjf ns-allinone-3.23.tar.bz2

2. 安裝Doxygen

   yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ wget http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/doxygen/rel-1.8.10/doxygen-1.8.10.linux.bin.tar.gz yogy@kali:~/Downloads/doxygen-1.8.10$ gedit Makefile

   RM = rm -f
   VERSION = 1.8.10
   INSTALL = /usr/local
   INSTTOOL = /usr/bin/install
   DOXYDOCS = ..
   export TMAKEPATH
   install:
   $(INSTTOOL) -d $(INSTALL)/bin
   $(INSTTOOL) -d $(INSTALL)/doc/doxygen
   $(INSTTOOL) -m 755 bin/doxygen $(INSTALL)/bin

   yogy@kali:~/Downloads/doxygen-1.8.10$ ./configure yogy@kali:~/Downloads/doxygen-1.8.10$ sudo make yogy@kali:~/Downloads/doxygen-1.8.10$ sudo make install

3. 生成文檔

   yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ns-allinone-3.23/ns-3.23$ doxygen doc/doxygen.conf yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ns-allinone-3.23/ns-3.23/doc$ sudo easy_install Sphinx dia yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ns-allinone-3.23/ns-3.23/doc/tutorial$ make html yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ns-allinone-3.23/ns-3.23/doc/manual$ make html yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ns-allinone-3.23/ns-3.23/doc/models$ make html

4. 編譯運行

   yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ns-allinone-3.23/ns-3.23$ ./waf configure --enable-tests --enable-examples yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ns-allinone-3.23/ns-3.23$ ./waf --run hello-simulator

0x06 ndnSIM

1. 安裝依賴庫

   yogy@kali:~$ sudo aptitude install libboost-all-dev
   yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install python-dev python-pygraphviz python-kiwi python-pygoocanvas python-gnome2 python-rsvg ipython

2. 下載ndnSIM源碼

   yogy@kali:~/Workspace$ mkdir ndnSIM yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ndnSIM$ git clone -b ndnSIM-v1 git://github.com/cawka/ns-3-dev-ndnSIM ns-3 yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ndnSIM$ git clone git://github.com/cawka/pybindgen.git pybindgen yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ndnSIM$ git clone -b master-v1 git://github.com/named-data/ndnSIM.git ns-3/src/ndnSIM

3. 編譯運行

   yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ndnSIM/ns-3$ ./waf configure --enable-tests --enable-examples yogy@kali:~/Workspace/ndnSIM/ns-3$ ./waf --run=ndn-simple --vis

0x07 Eclipse

Eclipse+CDT實現C/C++編程，並修改配置以調試ns-3。

1. 安裝Eclipse

   yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install eclipse eclipse-cdt eclipse-cdt-pkg-config

2. 配置用於ns-3
   • 新建ns-3項目

     New -- C++ Project
     Project name: ns-3.23
     Location: /home/yogy/Workspace/ns-allinone-3.23/ns-3.23

   • 配置Waf編譯器

     Builder Settings:
     Build command: ${workspace_loc:/ns-3.23}/waf
     Build directory: ${workspace_loc:/ns-3.23}/build
     Behaviour:
     Build(Incremental Build): all --> build

   • 配置調試器

     Run -- Debug Configurations:
     C/C++ Application: build/src/ndnSIM/examples/ns3-dev-ndn-tree-cs-tracers-debug
     Project: ns-3.23
     Environment -- New:
     Variable: LD_LIBRARY_PATH
     Value: ${workspace_loc:/ns-3.23}/build

0x08 Tex

Tex是一套優秀的電子排版系統，常用於論文寫作。

1. 安裝TeXLive
   • 下載texlive2015.iso
   • 掛載鏡像

     yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ sudo mount -o loop texlive2015.iso /mnt/ yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ cd /mnt yogy@kali:/mnt# ./install-tl

   • 修改環境變量

     yogy@kali:~$ vim ~/.bashrc

     # TeX Live 2015export
     MANPATH=${MANPATH}:/usr/local/texlive/2015/texmf-dist/doc/manexport INFOPATH=${INFOPATH}:/usr/local/texlive/2015/texmf-dist/doc/infoexport PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/texlive/2015/bin/x86_64-linux

2. 添加字體

   yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install ttf-wqy-microhei ttf-wqy-zenhei xfonts-wqy yogy@kali:~$ cp /home/yogy/Downloads/fonts/* ~/.fonts/

3. 安裝TeXstudio

   yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install exstudio

0x09 WPS

不穩定，用於臨時查看 *.doc / *.ppt / .*xls。

1. 安裝32位框架

   yogy@kali:~$ sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 yogy@kali:~$ dpkg --print-architecture amd64 yogy@kali:~$ dpkg --print-foreign-architectures i386 yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get -f install yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install libc6-i386 ia32-libs libnotify-bin ia32-libs-gtk

2. 下載並安裝WPS

   yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ wget http://wdl1.cache.wps.cn/wps/download/Linux/unstable/wps-office_8.1.0.3724~b1p2_i386.deb yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ sudo dpkg -i wps-office_8.1.0.3724-b1p2_i386.deb

3. 添加缺失字體

   yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ cp {Wingdings\ 2.ttf,Wingdings\ 3.ttf,Wingdings.ttf,webdings.ttf,MTExtra.ttf} ~/.fonts/ yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ sudo fc-cache -fv

0x0a Audacious

Audacious是一個支持多種格式輕巧快速的音樂播放器，可解決多數外文亂碼問題。

1. 安裝

   yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install audacious

2. 配置
   外觀 -- 界面: Winamp Classic Interface
   外觀 -- 界面設置 -- 使用點陣字體：取消
   首選項 -- 播放列表：
   自動檢測下列編碼: 漢語
   備用字符編碼: GBK
3. 播放列表為 *.m3u

0x0b Wine

Wine是一個能夠在多種POSIX-compliant操作系統（諸如 Linux，Mac OSX 及 BSD 等）上運行 Windows 應用的兼容層。

1. 添加32位框架支持

   yogy@kali:~$ sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get update

2. 安裝32位Wine

   yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install wine-bin:i386

0x0c MongoDB

MongoDB是開源文檔型數據庫，是非關系型數據庫（NoSql）中流行的一種。

1. 添加源及密鑰

   yogy@kali:~$ echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/debian wheezy/mongodb-org/3.0 main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.0.list yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv 7F0CEB10

2. 更新源並安裝

   yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get update yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org

3. 禁止版本更新

   yogy@kali:~$ echo "mongodb-org hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections yogy@kali:~$ echo "mongodb-org-server hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections yogy@kali:~$ echo "mongodb-org-shell hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections yogy@kali:~$ echo "mongodb-org-mongos hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections yogy@kali:~$ echo "mongodb-org-tools hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections

4. 運行

   • 啟動

     yogy@kali:~$ sudo service mongod start

   • 驗證

     yogy@kali:~$ sudo vim /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log

     2015-08-27T20:49:03.357+0800 I JOURNAL [initandlisten] journal dir=/var/lib/mongodb/journal
     ...
     2015-08-27T20:49:03.764+0800 I NETWORK [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017

   • 終止

     yogy@kali:~$ sudo service mongod stop

0x0d GitHub

作為開源代碼庫以及版本控制系統，Github擁有140多萬開發者用戶。

1. 建立Git

   yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install git yogy@kali:~$ git config --global user.name "yogykwan" yogy@kali:~$ git config --global user.email "[e-mail]"

2. HTTPS認證

   • yogy@kali:~$ git config --global credential.helper cache yogy@kali:~$ git config --global credential.helper 'cache --timeout=3600'

3. SSH認證
   • 確認已有ssh key ls -al ~/.ssh
   • 生成密鑰 ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "[e-mail]"
   • 確認開啟ssh eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
   • 本地添加密鑰 ssh-add /home/yogy/.ssh/id_rsa
   • 遠端添加密鑰，將~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub內容復制到SSH keys
   • 測試連接 ssh -T [e-mail]

0x0e Webstorm

與Pycharm同屬Jetbrains旗下，主要用於開發Javascript，Web前端開發神器。

1. 下載並安裝

   yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ wget http://download-cf.jetbrains.com/webstorm/WebStorm-10.0.4.tar.gz yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ sudo tar -zxvf WebStorm-10.0.4.tar.gz yogy@kali:~/Downloads$ sudo cp -r WebStorm-141.1550 /opt/

2. 獲取注冊碼
   Jetbrains旗下產品，學生可通過University email address、ISIC/ITIC membership、Official document三種方式免費申請。

3. 創建快捷方式

   • 手動創建

     yogy@kali:/usr/share/applications$ sudo gedit jetbrains-webstorm.desktop

     [Desktop Entry]
     Version=1.0
     Type=Application
     Name=WebStorm
     Icon=/opt/WebStorm-141.1550/bin/webide.png
     Exec="/opt/WebStorm-141.1550/bin/webstorm.sh" %f
     Comment=Develop with pleasure!
     Categories=Development;IDE;
     Terminal=false
     StartupWMClass=jetbrains-webstorm

   • 軟件創建
     Configure -- Creat Desktop Entry

4. 安裝SASS

   yogy@kali:/$ sudo su -c "gem install sass"

0x0f µTorrent

µTorrent是各大BT網站指定下載工具。

1. 下載並解壓
2. 添加配置文件

   yogy@kali:~/utorrent-server-alpha-v3_3$ vim utserver.conf

   #Internal Settings
   ut_webui_port: 8080
   dir_active: /home/yogy/PT/.tmp/
   dir_completed: /home/yogy/PT/
   preferred_interface: eth0
   #Regular Settings
   #傳入鏈接所使用的端口
   bind_port: 5158
   #最大上傳速度（kb/s）
   max_ul_rate: 50000
   #最大下載速度(kb/s)
   max_dl_rate: 50000
   #全局最大鏈接數
   max_total_connections: 800
   #每個Torrent的最大鏈接數
   conns_per_torrent: 500
   #每個Torrent的上傳通道數
   ul_slots_per_torrent: 6

3. 運行./utserver
4. 打開WebUI，登錄admin賬戶（無密碼）
5. 添加從PT網站下載的.torrent種子文件

0x10 一鍵安裝

yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install gimp #圖片 yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install okular #PDF yogy@kali:~$ sudo apt-get install smplayer #視頻

0x11 結束語

常用軟件記錄完畢，Kali特性待另開新篇。

Kali Linux