“,”:代表笛卡爾積;
“natural join”:代表自然連接,即同名列等值連接;
“natural left outer join”:表示左外連接;
“natural right outer join”:表示右外連接。
注意:以下的寫法在Oracle中都是不正確的。
1.r1 join r2
2.r1 inner join r2
3.r1 left outer join r2(如果要用左外連接,需要加natural關鍵字或者后面加on做條件篩選,否則,語法錯誤)
4.r1 right outer join r2(道理同上)
同時,需要注意:natural join 和 natural inner join是一樣的。因為自然連接默認就是內連。
接下來,看代碼示例:
1.建表,插入數據:
drop table relation2; drop table relation1; create table relation1( id number(10) not null, r1_col1 varchar2(50), r1_col2 varchar2(50), primary key (id) ); create table relation2( id number(10) not null, r2_col1 varchar2(50), r2_col2 varchar2(50), primary key (id) ); insert into relation1 values(1,'A1','A2'); insert into relation1 values(2,'B1','B2'); insert into relation1 values(3,'C1','C2'); insert into relation1 values(4,'D1','D2'); insert into relation1 values(5,'N1','N2'); insert into relation1 values(6,'M1','M2'); ----------------------------------------------- insert into relation2 values(1,'E1','E2'); insert into relation2 values(2,'F1','F2'); insert into relation2 values(3,'G1','G2'); insert into relation2 values(4,'H1','H2'); insert into relation2 values(7,'X1','X2'); insert into relation2 values(8,'Y1','Y2');
插入的結果:
relation1:
relation2:
2.查詢
select * from relation1,relation2;--笛卡爾積
總共36條記錄。行號為37是因為第一條記錄從第二行開始。
select * from relation1 natural join relation2;--自然連接(默認內連)
select * from relation1 natural inner join relation2;--自然連接(顯式內連)
select * from relation1 natural left outer join relation2;--自然左外連接
select * from relation1 natural right outer join relation2;--自然右外連接