[Asp.net MVC]頁面偽靜態實現

摘要

從頁面Url及頁面名稱上看，你會發現靜態頁面和偽靜態是一樣的。偽靜態的頁面后綴可能是html，htm，cshtml等，只是改變了url的表現形式，實際上還是動態的頁面。在SEO方面，偽靜態和靜態頁面的功能是相同，但偽靜態本質上還是動態頁面，不會像靜態頁面那樣占用服務器空間資源。

UrlRewrite

這里通過Url重寫的方式實現偽靜態。

首先通過Nuget安裝UrlRewrite包。

修改web.config，添加如下內容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--
  有關如何配置 ASP.NET 應用程序的詳細信息，請訪問
  http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=301880
  -->
<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <section name="CustomConfiguration" type="URLRewriter.Config.UrlsSection, URLRewriter" />
  </configSections>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="webpages:Version" value="3.0.0.0"/>
    <add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false"/>
    <add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true"/>
    <add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true"/>
  </appSettings>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.5"/>
    <httpRuntime targetFramework="4.5"/>
  </system.web>
  <system.webServer>
    <validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration="false"/>
    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true">
      <remove name="UrlRoutingModule"/>
      <add name="UrlRoutingModule" type="UrlRewrite.RewriteModule, UrlRewrite" preCondition="managedHandler"/>
    </modules>
  </system.webServer>
  <CustomConfiguration>
    <urls>
      <!--([\w]+)表示，1到n個字母或數字或下划線或漢字組成-->
      <add virtualUrl="~/Index.html" destinationUrl="~/Home/Index" />
      <add virtualUrl="~/(\d+)/Detail.html" destinationUrl="~/Home/Detail/?guid=$1" />
    </urls>
  </CustomConfiguration>
  <runtime>
    <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="Newtonsoft.Json" culture="neutral" publicKeyToken="30ad4fe6b2a6aeed"/>
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-6.0.0.0" newVersion="6.0.0.0"/>
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Optimization" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/>
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-1.1.0.0" newVersion="1.1.0.0"/>
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="WebGrease" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/>
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-1.5.2.14234" newVersion="1.5.2.14234"/>
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Helpers" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/>
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0"/>
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.WebPages" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/>
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0"/>
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mvc" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/>
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-5.2.0.0" newVersion="5.2.0.0"/>
      </dependentAssembly>
    </assemblyBinding>
  </runtime>
</configuration>

添加的內容如下：

  <configSections>
    <section name="CustomConfiguration" type="URLRewriter.Config.UrlsSection, URLRewriter" />
  </configSections>

  <system.webServer>
    <validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration="false"/>
    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true">
      <remove name="UrlRoutingModule"/>
      <add name="UrlRoutingModule" type="UrlRewrite.RewriteModule, UrlRewrite" preCondition="managedHandler"/>
    </modules>
  </system.webServer>
  <CustomConfiguration>
    <urls>
      <!--([\w]+)表示，1到n個字母或數字或下划線或漢字組成-->
      <add virtualUrl="~/Index.html" destinationUrl="~/Home/Index" />
      <add virtualUrl="~/(\d+)/Detail.html" destinationUrl="~/Home/Detail/?guid=$1" />
    </urls>
  </CustomConfiguration>

然后，在路由配置中，將html的路由配置上。

    public class RouteConfig
    {
        public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
        {
            routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");
            routes.MapRoute(
             name: "Index.html",
             url: "{controller}/{action}.html",
             defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index" }
         );
            routes.MapRoute(
                name: "Index",
                url: "{controller}/{action}",
                defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index" }
            );

        }
    }

到這里已經結束了，我們可以通過Home/index或者home/index.html兩種方式訪問首頁。

瀏覽

總結

看到偽靜態頁面和動態頁面實際上是一樣的。但*.html的物理文件在服務器上是不存在的。