Whitelabel Error Page異常

做了個簡單的springboot項目，一開始所有運行正常，之后寫了一天的代碼，再運行相同的代碼，就一直報以下異常：

Whitelabel Error Page

This application has no explicit mapping for /error, so you are seeing this as a fallback.

Fri Apr 07 13:02:50 CST 2017

There was an unexpected error (type=Internal Server Error, status=500).

No message available

 

采用debug運行測試，控制台提示：

java.lang.NullPointerException: null
at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.view.velocity.EmbeddedVelocityToolboxView.setContextToolbox(EmbeddedVelocityToolboxView.java:65) ~[spring-boot-1.3.8.RELEASE.jar:1.3.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.view.velocity.EmbeddedVelocityToolboxView.createVelocityContext(EmbeddedVelocityToolboxView.java:54) ~[spring-boot-1.3.8.RELEASE.jar:1.3.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.velocity.VelocityView.renderMergedTemplateModel(VelocityView.java:288) ~[spring-webmvc-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractTemplateView.renderMergedOutputModel(AbstractTemplateView.java:167) ~[spring-webmvc-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:303) ~[spring-webmvc-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1246) ~[spring-webmvc-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1029) ~[spring-webmvc-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:973) ~[spring-webmvc-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:895) ~[spring-webmvc-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:967) ~[spring-webmvc-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:858) ~[spring-webmvc-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:622) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:843) ~[spring-webmvc-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:292) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52) ~[tomcat-embed-websocket-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:99) ~[spring-web-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) ~[spring-web-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.springframework.web.filter.HttpPutFormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(HttpPutFormContentFilter.java:89) ~[spring-web-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) ~[spring-web-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:77) ~[spring-web-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) ~[spring-web-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:121) ~[spring-web-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) ~[spring-web-4.2.8.RELEASE.jar:4.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:212) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106) [tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502) [tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:141) [tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79) [tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88) [tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:528) [tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1100) [tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:687) [tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1520) [tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1476) [tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source) [na:1.8.0_51]
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source) [na:1.8.0_51]
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) [tomcat-embed-core-8.0.37.jar:8.0.37]
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) [na:1.8.0_51]

2017-04-07 13:02:50.306 ERROR 6276 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] org.apache.velocity : ResourceManager : unable to find resource 'error.html' in any resource loader.

 

既然是空指針異常，說明是我的代碼哪里有問題，所以查看代碼是否真的有空指針異常：

代碼如下：

@Controller
public class HomeController {

    @RequestMapping(path = {"/index"}, method = {RequestMethod.GET, RequestMethod.POST})
    public String index(){
        return "index";
    }
}
測試運行的代碼就這么一小部分，不應該有空指針異常的，但是，它又提示我，是空指針異常，所以，我很無奈的，一個個排查其他的代碼是否有異常。認真看了其他代碼，發現沒有什么錯誤。
於是，開始百度，得知，可能是spring那些注解沒有寫上去，導致底層報錯。又將所有的spring注解之類的代碼全部檢查了遍，確保都正確后，還是無效。
最后，采用最笨的方法，將代碼一行行的重新敲，每寫一個代碼，就全部測試一遍，終於，發現了導致空指針異常的真正bug所在：
在配置文件application.properties:

spring.velocity.suffix=.html
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/wenda?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=1234
mybatis.config-location=classpath:mybatis-config.xml
spring.velocity.toolbox-config-location=toolbox.xml

引入了最后一個文件，但是，在項目中忘記添加了，因為暫時還不需要這個功能，所以，由於項目中缺失這個配置文件，它找不到，因此，報空指針異常。
總結：
1.空指針異常，查看控制台的輸出，控制台中沒有一行提示我自己寫的代碼哪里出錯誤了，因此，一定不是我自己 寫的代碼的問題，而是，spring底層機制的問題，這個時候就需要去思考原理，
接下來，排除代碼的可能性，那就剩下的是spring配置文件的問題了，仔細查看配置文件之間的聯系，確保正確無誤后，就應該沒啥問題了。
這個bug雖然很簡單，但是，自己也花費了差不多一天的時間才解決。主要是，空指針異常，讓我思路跑偏了，一直在找自己代碼哪里有錯。根本原因，一方面自己編程不細心，另一方面，自己寫代碼經驗
還不夠豐富，控制台輸出的異常信息還不是很會利用。
2.whitelabel error page異常一定是有原因的，比如，訪問路徑不對，解析不對，注解忘記引入等。另外，對於springboot項目，

WendaApplication這個類要放在groupId對應的包下，其他自己新建的包都應該是它的一個子包。注意，目錄結構的關聯。