Ansible
常見錯誤 http://afewbug.com/article/26
官方文檔 http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/
安裝配置 http://sofar.blog.51cto.com/353572/1579894
目錄
一、介紹
二、yum安裝
三、Ansible配置
四、模塊
五、playbook
六、實戰演練--用Ansible實現LANMP的安裝
注意：以下實驗環境均為關閉selinux和清空防火牆配置，需要把/etc/my.cnf 改為/etc/my.cnf.bak
一、介紹
特性
(1)、no agents：不需要在被管控主機上安裝任何客戶端；
(2)、no server：無服務器端，使用時直接運行命令即可；
(3)、modules in any languages：基於模塊工作，可使用任意語言開發模塊；
(4)、yaml，not code：使用yaml語言定制劇本playbook；
(5)、ssh by default：基於SSH工作；
(6)、strong multi-tier solution：可實現多級指揮。
優點
(1)、輕量級，無需在客戶端安裝agent，更新時，只需在操作機上進行一次更新即可；
(2)、批量任務執行可以寫成腳本，而且不用分發到遠程就可以執行；
(3)、使用python編寫，維護更簡單，ruby語法過於復雜；
(4)、支持sudo。
二、yum安裝
yum install -y epel-release
yum install -y ansible
附注：編譯安裝參考上述鏈接
三、Ansible配置
（1）SSH免密鑰登陸設置具體參考SSH密鑰登陸
http://www.cnblogs.com/ImJerryChan/p/6002508.html
（2）ansible配置
主機組配置參考：
# vi /etc/ansible/hosts # 在里面增加如下配置增加 [testhost] 127.0.0.1 192.168.75.135
配置解析：
在/etc/ansible/hosts文件里指定被監控的主機
其中testhost為自定義的主機組名。
下面兩個ip為組內的機器ip。
（3）簡單測試
ansible 192.168.75.135 -m command -a 'w' 或者 ansible testhost -m command -a 'w'
如果結果為如下配置，則配置成功
附注： 錯誤： "msg": "Aborting, target uses selinux but python bindings (libselinux-python) aren't installed!" 解決辦法： yum install -y libselinux-python
四、模塊
五、playbook
這兩個部分過兩天再補充吧，畢竟現在還沒學完呢，路還很長
六、實戰演練--用Ansible實現LANMP的安裝
(這個也屬於一個未完成版，因為在寫這篇文章的時候還在敲其余部分的代碼，因此這一兩天內補上吧，MySQL部分實驗沒問題)
（一）Mysql
cd /etc/ansible mkdir mysql_install mkdir -p mysql_install/roles/{common,delete,install}/{handlers,files,meta,tasks,templates,vars} cd mysql_install/roles
//安裝前准備 vi ./common/tasks/main.yml - name: Install initialization require software yum: name={{ item }} state=installed with_item: - gcc
//安裝過程 vi ./install/vars/main.yml mysql_user: mysql mysql_port: 3306 mysql_data_dir: /data/mysql mysql_version: 5.5.54 ls ./install/templates /etc/init.d/my.cnf /etc/init.d/mysqld 分別為配置文件以及啟動文件，也就是要拷貝進去 ls ./install/files mysql-5.5.54.tar.gz data_mysql.tar.gz
同上，一個小建議就是打包的時候最好到文件/目錄所在處再打包，否則如果前面跟了目錄的話，會把目錄也打包進來的 vi ./install/tasks/copy.yml - name: Copy MySQL Software To Redhat client copy: src=mysql-{{ mysql_version }}.tar.gz dest=/usr/local/src/mysql-{{ mysql_version }}.tar.gz owner=root group=root when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat" and ansible_distribution_version|int >=6 - name: Uncompression MySQL Software To Redhat Client shell: tar zxf /usr/local/src/mysql-{{ mysql_version }}.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat" and ansible_distribution_version|int >=6 - name: Copy Data_Dir To Redhat client copy: src=data_mysql.tar.gz dest=/usr/local/src/data_mysql.tar.gz owner=root group=root when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat" and ansible_distribution_version|int >=6 - name: Uncompression Data_Dir To Redhat Client shell: tar zxf /usr/local/src/data_mysql.tar.gz -C / when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat" and ansible_distribution_version|int >=6 - name: Copy MySQL Start Script To Redhat Client template: src=mysqld dest=/etc/init.d/mysqld owner=root group=root mode=0755 when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat" and ansible_distribution_version|int >=6 - name: Copy MySQL Config To Redhat Client template: src=my.cnf dest=/etc/init.d/my.cnf when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat" and ansible_distribution_version|int >=6 vi ./install/tasks/install.yml - name: Create MySQL User In Redhat Client user: name={{ mysql_user }} state=present createhome=no shell=/sbin/nologin when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat" and ansible_distribution_version|int >=6 - name: Start MySQL Service In Redhat Client service: name=mysqld state=started# when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat" and ansible_distribution_version|int >=6 - name: Add Boot Start MySQL Service In Redhat Client shell: chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat" and ansible_distribution_version|int >=6 vi ./install/tasks/delete.yml - name: Delete MySQL compression Software In Redhat Client shell: rm -rf /usr/local/src/mysql-{{ mysql_version }}.tar.gz when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat" and ansible_distribution_version|int >=6 vi ./install/tasks/main.yml - include: copy.yml - include: install.yml - include: delete.yml
//卸載過程 vi ./delete/vars/main.yml mysql_user: mysql mysql_port: 3306 mysql_data_dir: /data/mysql mysql_version: 5.5.54-linux2.6-x86_64 vi ./delete/tasks/delete.yml - name: Stop MySQL Service shell: ps -ef|grep mysql|grep -v grep|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9 >>/dev/null 2>&1 ignore_errors: yes when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat" and ansible_distribution_version|int >=6 - name: Delete MySQL Boot Start Script shell: chkconfig --del mysql when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat" and ansible_distribution_version|int >=6 - name: Delete MySQL Dir shell: rm -rf /usr/local/mysql when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat" and ansible_distribution_version|int >=6 - name: Delete MySQL User shell: userdel {{ mysql_user }} ignore_errors: yes when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat" and ansible_distribution_version|int >=6 - name: Delete MySQL Service Start Script shell: rm -rf /etc/init.d/mysqld when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat" and ansible_distribution_version|int >=6 - name: Delete MySQL Service Config File shell: rm -rf /etc/init.d/my.cnf when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat" and ansible_distribution_version|int >=6 vi ./delete/tasks/main.yml - include: delete.yml
//MySQL主入口配置文件 cd ../ vi install.yml --- - hosts: 192.168.75.135 remote_user: root gather_facts: True roles: - common - install vi delete.yml --- - hosts: 192.168.75.135 remote_user: root gather_facts: True roles: - delete
完畢 安裝MySQL：ansible-playbook install.yml 卸載MySQL：ansible-playbook delete.yml