Swift3.0：Get/Post同步和異步請求

一、介紹

Get和Post區別：

• Get是從服務器上獲取數據，Post是向服務器發送數據。

• 對於Get方式，服務端用Request.QueryString獲取變量的值，對於Post方式，服務端用Request.From獲取提交的數據。

• Get是把參數數據隊列加到提交表單的ACTION屬性所指的URL中，值和表單內的各個字段一一對應。

• Post是通過HTTP Post機制，將表單內各個字段和其內容放置在HTML HEADER內一起傳送到ACTION屬性所指的URL地址。用戶看不到這個過程。

• Get安全性非常低，Post安全性較高；但是Get方式的執行效率比Post方法好。

• Get方式的安全性較Post方式差些，若包含機密信息，則建議用Post數據提交方式。

• 在數據查詢時，建議用Get方式；在做數據添加、刪除、修改時，建議用Post方式。

緩存策略：

 public enum CachePolicy : UInt {
 
     case useProtocolCachePolicy //基礎策略

     case reloadIgnoringLocalCacheData //忽略本地存儲
     
     case reloadIgnoringLocalAndRemoteCacheData // 忽略本地和遠程存儲，總是從原地址下載

     case returnCacheDataElseLoad //首先使用緩存，如果沒有就從原地址下載
     
     case returnCacheDataDontLoad //使用本地緩存，從不下載，如果沒有本地緩存，則請求失敗，此策略多用於離線操作
     
     case reloadRevalidatingCacheData // 若本地緩存是有效的則不下載，其他任何情況總是從原地址下載
 }

 

二、示例

Get同步請求：

//MARK: - 同步Get方式
 func synchronousGet(){
     
     // 1、創建URL對象；
     let url:URL! = URL(string:"http://api.3g.ifeng.com/clientShortNews?type=beauty");
        
     // 2、創建Request對象
     // url: 請求路徑
     // cachePolicy: 緩存協議
     // timeoutInterval: 網絡請求超時時間(單位：秒)
     let urlRequest:URLRequest = URLRequest(url: url, cachePolicy: .useProtocolCachePolicy, timeoutInterval: 10)
        
     // 3、響應對象
     var response:URLResponse?
        
     // 4、發出請求
     do {
            
         let received =  try NSURLConnection.sendSynchronousRequest(urlRequest, returning: &response)
         let dic = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: received, options: JSONSerialization.ReadingOptions.allowFragments)
         print(dic)
            
         //let jsonStr = String(data: received, encoding:String.Encoding.utf8);
         //print(jsonStr)
            
        } catch let error{
            print(error.localizedDescription);
        }
    }

Get異步請求：

//在控制器定義全局的可變data，用戶存儲接收的數據
var jsonData:NSMutableData = NSMutableData()

//MARK: - 異步Get方式
func asynchronousGet(){
        
   // 1、創建URL對象；
   let url:URL! = URL(string:"http://api.3g.ifeng.com/clientShortNews?type=beauty");
        
   // 2、創建Request對象
   // url: 請求路徑
   // cachePolicy: 緩存協議
   // timeoutInterval: 網絡請求超時時間(單位：秒)
   let urlRequest:URLRequest = URLRequest(url: url, cachePolicy: .useProtocolCachePolicy, timeoutInterval: 10)
        
   // 3、連接服務器
   let connection:NSURLConnection? = NSURLConnection(request: urlRequest, delegate: self)
   connection?.schedule(in: .current, forMode: .defaultRunLoopMode)
   connection?.start()
}

// MARK - NSURLConnectionDataDelegate
extension GetPostViewController:NSURLConnectionDataDelegate{
    
    func connection(_ connection: NSURLConnection, didReceive response: URLResponse) {
        
        //接收響應
    }
    
    func connection(_ connection: NSURLConnection, didReceive data: Data) {
        
        //收到數據
        self.jsonData.append(data);
    }
    
    func connectionDidFinishLoading(_ connection: NSURLConnection) {
        //請求結束
        //let jsonStr = String(data: self.jsonData as Data, encoding:String.Encoding.utf8);
        //print(jsonStr)
        do {
            let dic = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: self.jsonData as Data, options: JSONSerialization.ReadingOptions.allowFragments)
            print(dic)
        } catch let error{
            print(error.localizedDescription);
        }
    }
}

Post同步請求：

//MARK: - 同步Post方式
func synchronousPost() {
     
    // 1、創建URL對象；
    let url:URL! = URL(string:"http://api.3g.ifeng.com/clientShortNews");
        
    // 2、創建Request對象
    // url: 請求路徑
    // cachePolicy: 緩存協議
    // timeoutInterval: 網絡請求超時時間(單位：秒)
    var urlRequest:URLRequest = URLRequest(url: url, cachePolicy: .useProtocolCachePolicy, timeoutInterval: 10)
        
     // 3、設置請求方式為POST，默認是GET
     urlRequest.httpMethod = "POST"
        
     // 4、設置參數
     let str:String = "type=beauty"
     let data:Data = str.data(using: .utf8, allowLossyConversion: true)!
     urlRequest.httpBody = data;
        
     // 5、響應對象
     var response:URLResponse?
        
     // 6、發出請求
     do {
            
         let received =  try NSURLConnection.sendSynchronousRequest(urlRequest, returning: &response)
          let dic = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: received, options: JSONSerialization.ReadingOptions.allowFragments)
          print(dic)
            
           //let jsonStr = String(data: received, encoding:String.Encoding.utf8);
           //print(jsonStr)
            
        } catch let error{
            print(error.localizedDescription);
        }
  }

Post異步請求：

//在控制器定義全局的可變data，用戶存儲接收的數據
var jsonData:NSMutableData = NSMutableData()

//MARK: - 異步Post方式
func asynchronousPost(){
        
   // 1、創建URL對象；
   let url:URL! = URL(string:"http://api.3g.ifeng.com/clientShortNews");
        
   // 2、創建Request對象
   // url: 請求路徑
   // cachePolicy: 緩存協議
   // timeoutInterval: 網絡請求超時時間(單位：秒)
   var urlRequest:URLRequest = URLRequest(url: url, cachePolicy: .useProtocolCachePolicy, timeoutInterval: 10)
        
    // 3、設置請求方式為POST，默認是GET
    urlRequest.httpMethod = "POST"
        
    // 4、設置參數
    let str:String = "type=beauty"
    let data:Data = str.data(using: .utf8, allowLossyConversion: true)!
    urlRequest.httpBody = data;
        
    // 5、連接服務器
    let connection:NSURLConnection? = NSURLConnection(request: urlRequest, delegate: self)
     connection?.schedule(in: .current, forMode: .defaultRunLoopMode)
     connection?.start()
}

// MARK - NSURLConnectionDataDelegate
extension GetPostViewController:NSURLConnectionDataDelegate{
    
    func connection(_ connection: NSURLConnection, didReceive response: URLResponse) {
        
        //接收響應
    }
    
    func connection(_ connection: NSURLConnection, didReceive data: Data) {
        
        //收到數據
        self.jsonData.append(data);
    }
    
    func connectionDidFinishLoading(_ connection: NSURLConnection) {
        //請求結束
        //let jsonStr = String(data: self.jsonData as Data, encoding:String.Encoding.utf8);
        //print(jsonStr)
        do {
            let dic = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: self.jsonData as Data, options: JSONSerialization.ReadingOptions.allowFragments)
            print(dic)
        } catch let error{
            print(error.localizedDescription);
        }
    }
}

 

三、解析結果

{
    body =     (
                {
            cThumbnail = "http://d.ifengimg.com/w166_h120/p2.ifengimg.com/ifengiclient/ipic/2017040117/swoole_location_8b6bbc5951ce5734d8f4a623f594f4ee_4245440126_size203_w1000_h1500.jpg";
            cid = 1;
            comments = 0;
            commentsUrl = "http://share.iclient.ifeng.com/news/sharenews.f?&fromType=spider&aid=301341";
            commentsall = 0;
            content = "";
            ctime = "2017-04-01 17:30:01";
            id = "shortNews_301341";
            img =             (
                                {
                    size =                     {
                        height = 720;
                        width = 480;
                    };
                    url = "http://d.ifengimg.com/mw480/p2.ifengimg.com/ifengiclient/ipic/2017040117/swoole_location_8b6bbc5951ce5734d8f4a623f594f4ee_4245440126_size203_w1000_h1500.jpg";
                }
            );
            likes = 86;
            link =             {
                type = shortNews;
                url = "http://api.iclient.ifeng.com/clientShortNewsDetail?id=301341";
            };
            praise = 9284;
            shareTitle = "\U51e4\U51f0\U65b0\U95fb\U7f8e\U5973\U56fe\U7247";
            shareUrl = "http://share.iclient.ifeng.com/news/sharenews.f?&fromType=spider&aid=301341";
            source = "";
            staticImg = "";
            status = 1;
            thumbnail = "http://d.ifengimg.com/w166/p2.ifengimg.com/ifengiclient/ipic/2017040117/swoole_location_8b6bbc5951ce5734d8f4a623f594f4ee_4245440126_size203_w1000_h1500.jpg";
            title = "\U51e4\U51f0\U65b0\U95fb\U7f8e\U5973\U56fe\U7247";
            tread = 738;
            type = shortNews;
            utime = "2017-04-01 17:30:01";
        },
                {
        ..............
        ..............
        ..............
}

 

四、完整代碼

//
//  GetPostViewController.swift
//  NetWorkTest
//
//  Created by 夏遠全 on 2017/4/3.
//  Copyright © 2017年 夏遠全. All rights reserved.
//

import UIKit

class GetPostViewController: UIViewController {

    //在控制器定義全局的可變data，用戶存儲接收的數據
    var jsonData:NSMutableData = NSMutableData()
    
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
    }
    
//========================================Get==========================================//
    
    //MARK: - 同步Get方式
    func synchronousGet(){
     
        // 1、創建URL對象；
        let url:URL! = URL(string:"http://api.3g.ifeng.com/clientShortNews?type=beauty");
        
        // 2、創建Request對象
        // url: 請求路徑
        // cachePolicy: 緩存協議
        // timeoutInterval: 網絡請求超時時間(單位：秒)
        let urlRequest:URLRequest = URLRequest(url: url, cachePolicy: .useProtocolCachePolicy, timeoutInterval: 10)
        
        // 3、響應對象
        var response:URLResponse?
        
        // 4、發出請求
        do {
            
            let received =  try NSURLConnection.sendSynchronousRequest(urlRequest, returning: &response)
            let dic = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: received, options: JSONSerialization.ReadingOptions.allowFragments)
            print(dic)
            
            //let jsonStr = String(data: received, encoding:String.Encoding.utf8);
            //print(jsonStr)
            
        } catch let error{
            print(error.localizedDescription);
        }
    }
    
    //MARK: - 異步Get方式
    func asynchronousGet(){
        
        // 1、創建URL對象；
        let url:URL! = URL(string:"http://api.3g.ifeng.com/clientShortNews?type=beauty");
        
        // 2、創建Request對象
        // url: 請求路徑
        // cachePolicy: 緩存協議
        // timeoutInterval: 網絡請求超時時間(單位：秒)
        let urlRequest:URLRequest = URLRequest(url: url, cachePolicy: .useProtocolCachePolicy, timeoutInterval: 10)
        
        // 3、連接服務器
        let connection:NSURLConnection? = NSURLConnection(request: urlRequest, delegate: self)
        connection?.schedule(in: .current, forMode: .defaultRunLoopMode)
        connection?.start()
    }
    
    
//========================================Post==========================================//
    
    //MARK: - 同步Post方式
    func synchronousPost() {
     
        // 1、創建URL對象；
        let url:URL! = URL(string:"http://api.3g.ifeng.com/clientShortNews");
        
        // 2、創建Request對象
        // url: 請求路徑
        // cachePolicy: 緩存協議
        // timeoutInterval: 網絡請求超時時間(單位：秒)
        var urlRequest:URLRequest = URLRequest(url: url, cachePolicy: .useProtocolCachePolicy, timeoutInterval: 10)
        
        // 3、設置請求方式為POST，默認是GET
        urlRequest.httpMethod = "POST"
        
        // 4、設置參數
        let str:String = "type=beauty"
        let data:Data = str.data(using: .utf8, allowLossyConversion: true)!
        urlRequest.httpBody = data;
        
        // 5、響應對象
        var response:URLResponse?
        
        // 6、發出請求
        do {
            
            let received =  try NSURLConnection.sendSynchronousRequest(urlRequest, returning: &response)
            let dic = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: received, options: JSONSerialization.ReadingOptions.allowFragments)
            print(dic)
            
            //let jsonStr = String(data: received, encoding:String.Encoding.utf8);
            //print(jsonStr)
            
        } catch let error{
            print(error.localizedDescription);
        }
    }
    
    //MARK: - 異步Post方式
    func asynchronousPost(){
        
        // 1、創建URL對象；
        let url:URL! = URL(string:"http://api.3g.ifeng.com/clientShortNews");
        
        // 2、創建Request對象
        // url: 請求路徑
        // cachePolicy: 緩存協議
        // timeoutInterval: 網絡請求超時時間(單位：秒)
        var urlRequest:URLRequest = URLRequest(url: url, cachePolicy: .useProtocolCachePolicy, timeoutInterval: 10)
        
        // 3、設置請求方式為POST，默認是GET
        urlRequest.httpMethod = "POST"
        
        // 4、設置參數
        let str:String = "type=beauty"
        let data:Data = str.data(using: .utf8, allowLossyConversion: true)!
        urlRequest.httpBody = data;
        
        // 3、連接服務器
        let connection:NSURLConnection? = NSURLConnection(request: urlRequest, delegate: self)
        connection?.schedule(in: .current, forMode: .defaultRunLoopMode)
        connection?.start()
    }
}

// MARK - NSURLConnectionDataDelegate
extension GetPostViewController:NSURLConnectionDataDelegate{
    
    func connection(_ connection: NSURLConnection, didReceive response: URLResponse) {
        
        //接收響應
    }
    
    func connection(_ connection: NSURLConnection, didReceive data: Data) {
        
        //收到數據
        self.jsonData.append(data);
    }
    
    func connectionDidFinishLoading(_ connection: NSURLConnection) {
        //請求結束
        //let jsonStr = String(data: self.jsonData as Data, encoding:String.Encoding.utf8);
        //print(jsonStr)
        do {
            let dic = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: self.jsonData as Data, options: JSONSerialization.ReadingOptions.allowFragments)
            print(dic)
        } catch let error{
            print(error.localizedDescription);
        }
    }
}