python編程快速上手之第5章實踐項目參考答案

#!/usr/bin/env python3.5
# coding:utf-8
# 5.6.1
# 好玩游戲的物品清單
# 給定一個字典，包含物品名稱和數量，並打印出數量對應的物品

dict_stuff = {'rope':1,'torch':6,'gold coin':42,'dagger':1,'arrow':12}
print("5.6.1參考答案")
print('=' * 80)
print("給定字典：",dict_stuff)
print("運行結果：")
def displayInventory(inventory):
    print("Inventory:")
    item_total = 0
    for k,v in inventory.items():
        print(str(v) + '\t' + k)
        item_total += v
    print("Total number of items:" + str(item_total))
displayInventory(dict_stuff)
print('=' * 80)
print()

# 5.6.2
# 將給定的列表添加到字典中去，並統計相同鍵對應的數量，最后統計總字典中值的總數
dragonLoot = ['gold coin','dagger','dagger','gold coin','gold coin','ruby','ruby']

print("5.6.2參考答案")
print('=' * 80)
inv = {'gold coin':42,'rope':1}
print("給定列表：",dragonLoot)
print("給定字典：",inv)
print("運行結果：")

# 按照SWI的思路,這里可以2種方法：
# 1是將列表轉換成字典再操作
# 2是用setdefault方法將列表元素加到字典再進行元素個數的自增
# 在此感謝SWI的指點斧正。

def addToInventory(inventory,addedItems):
    for item in addedItems:
        inventory.setdefault(item,0)
        inventory[item] += 1
    return inventory
inv = addToInventory(inv,dragonLoot)
print(inv)
displayInventory(inv)
print('=' * 80)

程序運行結果如下：

(py35env) frank@ThinkPad:py_fas$ python dict_inventory-5.py
5.6.1參考答案
================================================================================
給定字典： {'arrow': 12, 'gold coin': 42, 'dagger': 1, 'rope': 1, 'torch': 6}
運行結果：
Inventory:
12 arrow
42 gold coin
1 dagger
1 rope
6 torch
Total number of items:62
================================================================================

5.6.2參考答案
================================================================================
給定列表： ['gold coin', 'dagger', 'dagger', 'gold coin', 'gold coin', 'ruby', 'ruby']
給定字典： {'rope': 1, 'gold coin': 42}
運行結果：
{'ruby': 2, 'dagger': 2, 'rope': 1, 'gold coin': 45}
Inventory:
2 ruby
2 dagger
1 rope
45 gold coin
Total number of items:50
================================================================================