本篇blog結構圖:
使用DBCA的圖形方式建庫實在有諸多不便,但是使用靜默方式建庫就比較方便了,一個命令即可搞定。
使用dbca安裝oracle數據庫實例也有差不多兩種方法:
一種就是根據模板文件進行安裝,在上文中提到了在oracle安裝程序的安裝文件夾下的response目錄中有一個dbca.rsp文件就是dbca的模板文件。當然我們也可以通過復制這個模板文件來修改其中的內容來建立定制的數據庫,在這個模板文件中對於各個參數的說明非常詳細,對這個文件的內容在此不做說明。
另外一種就是根據oracle自身的數據庫模板來建立數據庫實例(模板文件位置:$ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca/templates/*.dbc
ORACLE為我們提供了幾個dbc模板:
Data Warehouse 數據倉庫
Transaction Processing 事務處理
General Purpose 一般用途
這幾個模板是比較易用的模板,oracle針對不同的數據庫用途做了專門的優化,當然我們也可以創建我們自己的模板(也是使用dbca命令),
首先說明一點,在安裝之前需要注意的幾個問題:
1、/etc/hosts文件中,本機的hostname必須和lo對應(如果你有改過hostname的話,需要修改該文件)
2、$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora文件必須配置服務器監聽,為了保險起見,將tnsnames和sqlnet文件都配置了吧
3、在dbca命令中出現的文件參數,必須使用全路徑
4、注意在使用dbca命令的時候各個同級別的參數的必要性,有些是必要的,有些是不必要的。具體可參考dbca -help
根據模版文件創建數據庫:
dbca -silent -cloneTemplate -gdbName orcl -sid orcl -datafileDestination /u01/oradata -responseFile /mnt/hgfs/software/oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp
一些參數的說明:
-silent 指定dbca的靜默安裝方式
-cloneTemplate 指定自模版文件創建
-gdbName Global Database Name
-sid 創建數據庫的sid
-datafileDestination 數據文件存放的目標路徑
-responseFIle 模版文件的路徑
根據Oracle提供的數據庫模版創建數據庫:
dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName $ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca/template/Transaction_Processing.dbc -gdbName orcl -sid orcl -responseFile NO_VALUE -characterSet ZHS16GBK
Silent模式采用命令行方式一次將所有信息提供給DBCA完成數據庫的建立,在建立過程中不存在交互作用,所有的信息、錯誤和告警都寫到日志文件中,只在結束時屏幕上打印出日志文件的位置,除此以外,沒有其他的消息。
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12c靜默方式建庫
[oracle@test ~]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -gdbname oradb.example.com -sid oradb -responseFile NO_VALUE -characterSet AL32UTF8 -memoryPercentage 30 -emConfiguration LOCAL
Enter SYS user password:
Enter SYSTEM user password:
Copying database files
1% complete
3% complete
11% complete
18% complete
26% complete
33% complete
37% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
40% complete
45% complete
50% complete
55% complete
56% complete
60% complete
62% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
70% complete
73% complete
85% complete
96% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file "/12c/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/oradb/oradb.log" for further details.
[oracle@test ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=oradb
[oracle@test ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Fri Jan 30 17:02:50 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
SYS@oradb >show parameter name
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
cell_offloadgroup_name string
db_file_name_convert string
db_name string oradb
db_unique_name string oradb
global_names boolean FALSE
instance_name string oradb
lock_name_space string
log_file_name_convert string
pdb_file_name_convert string
processor_group_name string
service_names string oradb.example.com
SYS@oradb >
SYS@oradb >select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/12c/app/oracle/oradata/oradb/system01.dbf
/12c/app/oracle/oradata/oradb/sysaux01.dbf
/12c/app/oracle/oradata/oradb/undotbs01.dbf
/12c/app/oracle/oradata/oradb/users01.dbf
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11g靜默方式建庫
[oracle@testdb ora11g]$ dbca -help
dbca [-silent | -progressOnly | -customCreate] { } | { [ [options] ] -responseFile } [-continueOnNonFatalErrors ]
Please refer to the manual for details.
You can enter one of the following command:
Create a database by specifying the following parameters:
-createDatabase
-templateName
[-cloneTemplate]
-gdbName
[-sid ]
[-sysPassword ]
[-systemPassword ]
[-emConfiguration<central|local|all|none>
-dbsnmpPassword
-sysmanPassword
[-hostUserName
-hostUserPassword
-backupSchedule ]
[-centralAgent ]]
[-disableSecurityConfiguration<all|audit|password_profile|none>
[-datafileDestination | -datafileNames ]
[-redoLogFileSize ]
[-recoveryAreaDestination ]
[-datafileJarLocation ]
[-storageType < FS | ASM >
[-asmsnmpPassword ]
-diskGroupName
-recoveryGroupName
[-characterSet ]
[-nationalCharacterSet ]
[-registerWithDirService
-dirServiceUserName
-dirServicePassword
-walletPassword ]
[-listeners ]
[-variablesFile ]]
[-variables ]
[-initParams ]
[-sampleSchema ]
[-memoryPercentage ]
[-automaticMemoryManagement ]
[-totalMemory ]
[-databaseType <multipurpose|data_warehousing|oltp>]]
Configure a database by specifying the following parameters:
-configureDatabase
-sourceDB
[-sysDBAUserName
-sysDBAPassword ]
[-registerWithDirService|-unregisterWithDirService|-regenerateDBPassword
-dirServiceUserName
-dirServicePassword
-walletPassword ]
[-disableSecurityConfiguration<all|audit|password_profile|none>
[-enableSecurityConfiguration<true|false>
[-emConfiguration<central|local|all|none>
-dbsnmpPassword
-sysmanPassword
[-hostUserName
-hostUserPassword
-backupSchedule ]
[-centralAgent ]]
Create a template from an existing database by specifying the following parameters:
-createTemplateFromDB
-sourceDB ::>
-templateName
-sysDBAUserName
-sysDBAPassword
[-maintainFileLocations ]
Create a clone template from an existing database by specifying the following parameters:
-createCloneTemplate
-sourceSID
-templateName
[-sysDBAUserName
-sysDBAPassword ]
[-maintainFileLocations ]
[-datafileJarLocation ]
Generate scripts to create database by specifying the following parameters:
-generateScripts
-templateName
-gdbName
[-scriptDest ]
Delete a database by specifying the following parameters:
-deleteDatabase
-sourceDB
[-sysDBAUserName
-sysDBAPassword ]
Query for help by specifying the following options: -h | -help
[oracle@testdb ora11g]$
[oracle@testdb oracle]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -gdbname ora11g -sid ora11g -sysPassword lhr -systemPassword lhr -responseFile NO_VALUE -datafileDestination /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ -redoLogFileSize 50 -recoveryAreaDestination /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area -storageType FS -characterSet ZHS16GBK -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 -sampleSchema true -memoryPercentage 30 -totalMemory 200 -databaseType OLTP -emConfiguration NONE
Copying database files
1% complete
3% complete
11% complete
18% complete
26% complete
37% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
40% complete
45% complete
50% complete
55% complete
56% complete
57% complete
60% complete
62% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
70% complete
73% complete
85% complete
96% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ora11g/ora11g.log" for further details.
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10g靜默建庫
給出命令,結果略去:
dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -gdbname ora11g -sid ora11g -sysPassword lhr -systemPassword lhr -responseFile NO_VALUE -datafileDestination /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ -recoveryAreaDestination /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area -storageType FS -characterSet ZHS16GBK -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 -sampleSchema true -memoryPercentage 30 -databaseType OLTP -emConfiguration NONE
本文轉自:http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1448220/