Rsync 故障排查整理
Rsync服務常見問題匯總講解：
==============================================================================================
1 客戶端的錯誤現象：No route to host
rsync服務端開啟的iptables防火牆
[root@nfs01 tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::backup
rsync: failed to connect to 172.16.1.41: No route to host (113)
rsync error: error in socket IO (code 10) at clientserver.c(124) [sender=3.0.6]
異常問題解決：
關閉rsync服務端的防火牆服務（iptables）
[root@backup mnt]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ]
[root@backup mnt]# /etc/init.d/iptables status
iptables: Firewall is not running.
==============================================================================================
2 ERROR: The remote path must start with a module name not a /
rsync客戶端執行rsync命令錯誤：
客戶端的錯誤現象：
[root@nfs01 tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::/backup
ERROR: The remote path must start with a module name not a /
rsync error: error starting client-server protocol (code 5) at main.c(1503) [sender=3.0.6]
異常問題解決：
rsync命令語法理解錯誤，::/backup是錯誤的語法，應該為::backup(rsync模塊)
==============================================================================================
3 @ERROR: auth failed on module backup
3. @ERROR: auth failed on module oldboy
客戶端的錯誤現象：
[root@nfs01 tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::backup
Password:
@ERROR: auth failed on module backup
rsync error: error starting client-server protocol (code 5) at main.c(1503) [sender=3.0.6]
異常問題解決：
1. 密碼真的輸入錯誤，用戶名真的錯誤
2. secrets file = /etc/rsync.password指定的密碼文件和實際密碼文件名稱不一致
3. /etc/rsync.password文件權限不是600
4. rsync_backup:123456密碼配置文件后面注意不要有空格
5. rsync客戶端密碼文件中只輸入密碼信息即可，不要輸入虛擬認證用戶名稱
==============================================================================================
4 @ERROR: Unknown module 'backup'
4. Unknown module 'backup'
[root@nfs01 tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::backup
@ERROR: Unknown module 'backup'
rsync error: error starting client-server protocol (code 5) at main.c(1503) [sender=3.0.6]
異常問題解決：
1、 /etc/rsyncd.conf配置文件模塊名稱書寫錯誤
2、配置文件中網段限制不對
==============================================================================================
5 Permission denied
[root@nfs01 tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::backup
Password:
sending incremental file list
hosts
rsync: mkstemp ".hosts.5z3AOA" (in backup) failed: Permission denied (13)
sent 196 bytes received 27 bytes 63.71 bytes/sec
total size is 349 speedup is 1.57
rsync error: some files/attrs were not transferred (see previous errors) (code 23) at main.c(1039) [sender=3.0.6]
異常問題解決：
1. 共享目錄的屬主和屬組不正確，不是rsync
2. 共享目錄的權限不正確，不是755
==============================================================================================
6 chdir failed
[root@nfs01 tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::backup
Password:
@ERROR: chdir failed
rsync error: error starting client-server protocol (code 5) at main.c(1503) [sender=3.0.6]
異常問題解決：
1. 備份存儲目錄沒有建立
2. 建立的備份存儲目錄和配置文件定義不一致
[root@backup backup]# /etc/init.d/xinetd restart
shell-init: error retrieving current directory: getcwd: cannot access parent directories: No such file or directory
Stopping xinetd: [ OK ]
Starting xinetd: shell-init: error retrieving current directory: getcwd: cannot access parent directories: No such file or directory
[ OK ]
說明：如果沒有備份存儲目錄，xinetd服務都不能正確啟動
==============================================================================================
7 invalid uid rsync
[root@nfs01 tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::backup
Password:
@ERROR: invalid uid rsync
rsync error: error starting client-server protocol (code 5) at main.c(1503) [sender=3.0.6]
異常問題解決：
rsync服務對應rsync虛擬用戶不存在了
==============================================================================================
8 客戶端已經配置了密碼文件，但免秘鑰登錄方式，依舊需要輸入密碼
password file must not be other-accessible
[root@nfs01 tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password
password file must not be other-accessible
continuing without password file
Password:
sending incremental file list
sent 26 bytes received 8 bytes 5.23 bytes/sec
total size is 349 speedup is 10.26
異常問題解決：
rsync客戶端的秘鑰文件也必須是600權限
==============================================================================================
9 rsync客戶端連接慢問題
錯誤日志輸出
2017/03/08 20:14:43 [3422] params.c:Parameter() - Ignoring badly formed line in configuration file: ignore errors
2017/03/08 20:14:43 [3422] name lookup failed for 172.16.1.31: Name or service not known
2017/03/08 20:14:43 [3422] connect from UNKNOWN (172.16.1.31)
2017/03/08 20:14:43 [3422] rsync to backup/ from rsync_backup@unknown (172.16.1.31)
2017/03/08 20:14:43 [3422] receiving file list
2017/03/08 20:14:43 [3422] sent 76 bytes received 83 bytes total size 349
正確日志輸出
2017/03/08 20:16:45 [3443] params.c:Parameter() - Ignoring badly formed line in configuration file: ignore errors
2017/03/08 20:16:45 [3443] connect from nfs02 (172.16.1.31)
2017/03/08 20:16:45 [3443] rsync to backup/ from rsync_backup@nfs02 (172.16.1.31)
2017/03/08 20:16:45 [3443] receiving file list
2017/03/08 20:16:45 [3443] sent 76 bytes received 83 bytes total size 349
異常問題解決：
查看日志進行分析
==============================================================================================
10 rsync服務沒有正確啟動Connection refused (111)
[root@oldboy-muban ~]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::backup
rsync: failed to connect to 172.16.1.41: Connection refused (111)
rsync error: error in socket IO (code 10) at clientserver.c(124) [sender=3.0.6]
解決 rsync服務沒開啟
[root@oldboy-muban ~]# rsync --daemon
[root@oldboy-muban ~]# ss -lntup |grep rsync
tcp LISTEN 0 5 :::873 :::* users:(("rsync",1434,5))
tcp LISTEN 0 5 *:873 *:* users:(("rsync",1434,4))
[root@oldboy-muban ~]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::backup
Password:
sending incremental file list
hosts
sent 196 bytes received 27 bytes 49.56 bytes/sec
total size is 349 speedup is 1.57
==============================================================================================
11 port 22: Connection refused
環境：本地服務器集群內部傳輸利用遠程ssh 報錯
利用（telnet 172.16.1.31 22） 排查服務監聽狀態后采取的解決方法
[root@oldboy-muban ~]# rsync /etc/hosts 172.16.1.31:/tmp
ssh: connect to host 172.16.1.31 port 22: Connection refused
rsync: connection unexpectedly closed (0 bytes received so far) [sender]
rsync error: error in rsync protocol data stream (code 12) at io.c(600) [sender=3.0.6]
排錯思路：
[root@oldboy-muban ~]# ping 172.16.1.31
PING 172.16.1.31 (172.16.1.31) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.16.1.31: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.628 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.31: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.393 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.31: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.06 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.1.31: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.745 ms
[root@oldboy-muban ~]# traceroute 172.16.1.31
traceroute to 172.16.1.31 (172.16.1.31), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 nfs01 (172.16.1.31) 0.597 ms 0.189 ms 0.965 ms
/etc/init.d/iptables status
iptables: Firewall is not running.
[root@backup ~]#
[root@backup ~]# netstat -lntup|grep 22
p 0 0 10.0.0.31:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1187/sshd
故障原因：無法連接
telnet 172.16.1.31 22
解決方法：
[root@oldboy-backup-41]# vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
#Port 22
#AddressFamily any
#ListenAddress 10.0.0.31 改為 0.0.0.0
#ListenAddress ::
總結：內網傳輸通過SSH pro 22 表明22端口鏈接不上
==============================================================================================
12 --passwd-file=/etc/rsync.passwd: unknown option 沒有正確輸入password文件名
報錯：--passwd-file=/etc/rsync.passwd: unknown option
錯誤案例 本地rsync.password 文件要保持一致缺少字母都會報錯
echo "123456">>/etc/rsync.passwd
[root@nfs01 ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.passwd
[root@nfs01 ~]# ll /etc/rsync.passwd
-rw------- 1 root root 7 Mar 9 13:47 /etc/rsync.passwd
[root@nfs01 ~]# rsync -az -P /root/ rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::backup --passwd-file=/etc/rsync.passwd
rsync: --passwd-file=/etc/rsync.passwd: unknown option
rsync error: syntax or usage error (code 1) at main.c(1422) [client=3.0.6]
正確做法：
[root@nfs01 ~]# echo "123456">>/etc/rsync.password
[root@nfs01 ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.password
[root@nfs01 ~]# ll /etc/rsync.password
-rw------- 1 root root 7 Mar 9 13:49 /etc/rsync.password
rsync -az -P /server/files/secure-20161219 rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password
sending incremental file list
secure-20161219
51053780 100% 14.31MB/s 0:00:03 (xfer#1, to-check=0/1)
rsync: mkstemp ".secure-20161219.lcnuWA" (in backup) failed: Permission denied (13)
sent 2210982 bytes received 27 bytes 491335.33 bytes/sec
total size is 51053780 speedup is 23.09
rsync error: some files/attrs were not transferred (see previous errors) (code 23) at main.c(1039) [sender=3.0.6]
[root@backup ~]# ls /backup/
100.log cc.txt optimize-init_sys.sh
anaconda-ks.cfg
1）可能是服務沒有開啟
2）iptables SELinux
3）本次遇見sshd傳輸受限 限制了傳輸的ip（安全）
==============================================================================================
Rsync服務端排錯思路
m 查看rsync服務配置文件路徑是否正確 /etc/rsyncd.conf
m 查看配置文件例的host allow，host deny，允許的ip網段是否是允許客戶端訪問的ip網段
m 查看配置文件中path參數里的路徑是否存在，權限是否正確（正常應為配置文件中的UUID參數對應的屬主和組）
m 查看rsync服務是否啟動，端口是否存在 ps -ef netstat -lntup
m 查看iptables防火牆和SELinux是否開啟允許rsync服務通過，也可以關閉
m 查看服務端rsync配置文件里的密碼權限是否為600 密碼文件格式是否正確，正確格式（用戶名：密碼）文件路徑和配置文件里的secrect files 參數對應
m 如果是推送數據，要查看，配置rsyncd.conf 文件中用戶是否對模塊下目錄有可讀的權限
==============================================================================================
客戶端排錯思路
m 查看客戶端rsync配置的密碼文件是否為600的權限，密碼文件格式是否正確，注意：僅需要有密碼，並且和服務端的密碼一致
m 用telnet鏈接rsync服務器ip地址873端口，查看服務是否啟動（可測試服務端防火牆是否阻擋telnet10.0.0.100 873）
m 客戶端執行命令是 rsync -avzP rsync_backup@10.0.0.100::backup/test/test/ --password-file=/etc/rsync.password
m 此命令要記清楚尤其10.0.0.100::backup/test/處的雙引號及隨后的backup為模塊名稱
==============================================================================================