基於Mybatis的Dao層開發
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder用於創建SqlSessionFacoty,SqlSessionFacoty一旦創建完成就不需要SqlSessionFactoryBuilder了,因為SqlSession是通過SqlSessionFactory生產,所以可以將SqlSessionFactoryBuilder當成一個工具類使用,最佳使用范圍是方法范圍即方法體內局部變量。
SqlSessionFactory是一個接口,接口中定義了openSession的不同重載方法,SqlSessionFactory的最佳使用范圍是整個應用運行期間,一旦創建后可以重復使用,通常以單例模式管理SqlSessionFactory。
SqlSession是一個面向用戶的接口, sqlSession中定義了數據庫操作方法。
每個線程都應該有它自己的SqlSession實例。SqlSession的實例不能共享使用,它也是線程不安全的。因此最佳的范圍是請求或方法范圍。絕對不能將SqlSession實例的引用放在一個類的靜態字段或實例字段中。
打開一個 SqlSession;使用完畢就要關閉它。通常把這個關閉操作放到 finally 塊中以確保每次都能執行關閉。
1 傳統的dao層開發(編寫dao接口, 編寫dao接口的實現類)
1>配置mapper映射文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.rodge.dao.UserMapper">
<!-- 根據id查詢 -->
<select id="findUserByIdDao" parameterType="int" resultType="user">
SELECT * FROM `user` WHERE id= #{id}
</select>
</mapper>
2>在sqlMapConfig.xml文件中配置map映射
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 配置屬性 -->
<properties resource="databases.properties">
<!-- <property name="jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?characterEncoding=utf-8"/>
<property name="jdbc.username" value="root"/>
<property name="jdbc.password" value="luoji1025"/> -->
</properties>
<!-- 配置別名掃描 -->
<typeAliases>
<package name="cn.rodge"/>
</typeAliases>
<!-- 和spring整合后 environments配置將廢除-->
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<!-- 使用jdbc事務管理-->
<transactionManager type="JDBC" />
<!-- 數據庫連接池-->
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 配置mapper映射文件 -->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="sqlmap/User.xml"/>
<package name="cn.rodge.dao"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
3>創建dao層接口
package cn.rodge.dao;
import cn.rodge.entity.User;
public interface UserMapper {
public User findUserByIdDao (int id) throws Exception;
}
4>創建dao的實現類
package cn.rodge.dao.impl;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import cn.rodge.dao.UserMapper;
import cn.rodge.entity.User;
public class UserMapperImpl implements UserMapper {
private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
//有參數的都在方法
public UserMapperImpl(SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) {
this.sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactory;
}
//無參數的構造方法
public UserMapperImpl() {
super();
}
@Override
public User findUserByIdDao(int id) throws Exception {
//獲取sqlsession對象
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
//調用sqlsession中的查詢單個結果的方法
User user = sqlSession.selectOne("findUserByIdDao", id);
//釋放資源
sqlSession.close();
return user;
}
}
5>創建測試類
package cn.rodge.dao.impl;
import java.io.InputStream;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import cn.rodge.entity.User;
public class UserMapperImplTest {
private UserMapperImpl userMapper;
@Before
public void init () throws Exception {
//創建sqlsessionfactorybuilder
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
//獲取mabatis核心配置文件輸入流
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");
//加載配置文件,並創建sqlsessionfactory
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(inputStream);
//創建userMapper實體類, 通過有參數的構造方法
userMapper = new UserMapperImpl(sqlSessionFactory);
}
@Test
public void testFindUserById() throws Exception {
User user = userMapper.findUserByIdDao(1);
System.out.println(user);
}
}
2 Mapper動態代理的方法開發dao層
Mapper接口開發需要遵循以下規范:
1. Mapper.xml文件中的namespace與mapper接口的類路徑相同。
2. Mapper接口方法名和Mapper.xml中定義的每個statement的id相同
3. Mapper接口方法的輸入參數類型和mapper.xml中定義的每個sql 的parameterType的類型相同
4. Mapper接口方法的輸出參數類型和mapper.xml中定義的每個sql的resultType的類型相同
5. Mapper接口和Mapper映射文件在同一目錄下
1>配置UserMapper.xml映射文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.rodge.dao.UserMapper">
<!-- 根據id查詢 -->
<select id="findUserByIdDao" parameterType="int" resultType="user">
SELECT * FROM `user` WHERE id= #{id}
</select>
</mapper>
2>創建UserMapper.java接口
package cn.rodge.dao;
import cn.rodge.entity.User;
public interface UserMapper {
public User findUserByIdDao (int id) throws Exception;
}
3>在sqlMapConfig.xml中加載映射文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 配置屬性 -->
<properties resource="databases.properties">
<!-- <property name="jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?characterEncoding=utf-8"/>
<property name="jdbc.username" value="root"/>
<property name="jdbc.password" value="luoji1025"/> -->
</properties>
<!-- 配置別名掃描 -->
<typeAliases>
<package name="cn.rodge"/>
</typeAliases>
<!-- 和spring整合后 environments配置將廢除-->
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<!-- 使用jdbc事務管理-->
<transactionManager type="JDBC" />
<!-- 數據庫連接池-->
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 配置mapper映射文件 -->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="sqlmap/User.xml"/>
<package name="cn.rodge.dao"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
4>創建測試類
package cn.rodge.dao;
import java.io.InputStream;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import cn.rodge.entity.User;
public class UserMapperTest {
private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
@Before
public void init () throws Exception {
//創建sqlsessionfactorybuilder
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
//獲取mabatis核心配置文件輸入流
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");
//加載配置文件,並創建sqlsessionfactory
sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(inputStream);
//創建userMapper實體類, 通過有參數的構造方法
}
@Test
public void testFindUserById() throws Exception {
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
User user = userMapper.findUserByIdDao(1);
System.out.println(user);
sqlSession.close();
}
}
UserMapper接口中如何區分調用selectOne和selectList方法
動態代理對象調用sqlSession.selectOne()和sqlSession.selectList()是根據mapper接口方法的返回值決定,如果返回list則調用selectList方法,如果返回單個對象則調用selectOne方法.