1.下載軟件包
下載鏈接:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.6.html#downloads
centos6--MySQL-5.6.35-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
centos7--MySQL-5.6.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
選擇對應版本,否則會出現依賴不滿足問題。
2.解壓安裝數據庫
說明:以-Uvh安裝是為了保險起見;測試發現依以下順序安裝是沒有問題的,但如果出現某個包無法安裝則先跳過放最后安裝。
tar -xf MySQL-5.6.36-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar rpm -Uvh MySQL-client-5.6.36-1.el6.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh MySQL-shared-5.6.36-1.el6.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh MySQL-devel-5.6.36-1.el6.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.36-1.el6.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh MySQL-embedded-5.6.36-1.el6.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh MySQL-test-5.6.36-1.el6.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh MySQL-server-5.6.36-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
附server包安裝后的提示:
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h ls password 'new-password' Alternatively you can run: /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default. This is strongly recommended for production servers.
這步安裝和yum install mysql mysql-server mysql-devel是等效的。
3.配置my.cnf文件
mkdir /etc/my.cnf.d cat >/etc/my.cnf<<EOF [mysqld] datadir=/mysql/data socket=/mysql/data/mysql.sock user=mysql symbolic-links=0 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/mysql/log/mysql.log pid-file=/mysql/log/mysql.pid # include all files from the config directory !includedir /etc/my.cnf.d EOF
4.配置password文件
說明:如所知的一樣mysql的配置文件就是my.cnf,之所以還有下邊這幾個文件是因為my.cnf中的!includedir語句。
cat > /etc/my.cnf.d/password.cnfx<<EOF [client] user=root password=abcd1234 EOF
5.配置客戶端
cat >/etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf <<EOF [client] socket=/mysql/data/mysql.sock EOF
6.配置服務端
說明:如果要配置主備則不同主機下邊的server_id不能相同;一些內存參數的大小可能需要根據機器情況進行修改
cat >/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf <<EOF [mysqld] port=3306 bind-address=0.0.0.0 default_storage_engine=innodb symbolic_links=0 skip_name_resolve skip_external_locking lower_case_table_names=1 character_set_server=utf8 init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' collation_server=utf8_general_ci transaction_isolation='read-committed' # Avoid Warning explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true server_id=1 binlog_format=row log_bin=mysql-bin relay_log=relay-bin skip_slave_start expire_logs_days=3 max_binlog_size=1G binlog_cache_size=64M max_binlog_cache_size=128M log-bin-trust-function-creators=1 back_log=600 max_connections=5000 max_user_connections=4000 max_connect_errors=6000 connect_timeout=60 query_cache_type=1 query_cache_size=256M query_cache_limit=32M #query_cache_min_res_unit=2k table_open_cache=4096 sort_buffer_size=32M join_buffer_size=32M thread_cache_size=300 long_query_time=2 key_buffer_size=256M read_buffer_size=4M read_rnd_buffer_size=16M tmp_table_size=256M max_heap_table_size=1G max_allowed_packet=32M bulk_insert_buffer_size=64M innodb_buffer_pool_size=6G innodb_log_file_size=512M innodb_log_buffer_size=16M innodb_log_files_in_group=2 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=90 innodb_lock_wait_timeout=120 innodb_file_per_table=1 innodb_file_io_threads=4 innodb_read_io_threads=8 innodb_write_io_threads=8 innodb_thread_concurrency=4 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2 EOF
7.相應修改啟動文件中相應的datadir等項的值
/etc/init.d/mysqld中修改datadir/errlogfile/mypidfile三項的值(不同版本賦值形式可能不一樣)

/usr/bin/mysqld_safe中修改DATADIR的值(此操作似乎只是CentOS需要)

8.在mysql家目錄下創建基本目錄
mkdir /mysql cd /mysql mkdir adm mkdir data mkdir log ln -s /etc/my.cnf.d/ /mysql/conf ln -s /var/data/mysql/data/mysql.sock /mysql/data/mysql.sock
9.將配置文件賦權給mysql用戶
chown -R mysql:mysql /mysql chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf chown -R mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf.d
10.配置mysql可sudo
cat >/etc/sudoers.d/mysql <<EOF mysql ALL=NOPASSWD: /sbin/service mysql * EOF
11.安裝數據庫
說明:
在最后一個命令中要求的root初始密碼在/root/.mysql_secret文件中
如果是5.1等舊版本root為空密碼要求輸入密碼時直接回車即可
在Set root password和Reload privilege tables選擇Y將密碼修改為為password.cnf中配置的密碼。
setenforce 0 #關閉selinux,不然可能service無法啟動mysql(mysqld_safe可以)
mysql_install_db #依配置文件初始化數據庫data,並創建系統表 service mysql start #啟動mysql ln -s /mysql/data/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock #mysql_secure_installation中的sock文件位置未修改所以要創軟鏈接包過去 mysql_secure_installation #增刪用戶和修改密碼等
12.將password文件名字改.cnf以使配置生效
mv /etc/my.cnf.d/password.cnfx /etc/my.cnf.d/password.cnf
到此單個數據庫的安裝已經安裝完成啟動后即可修用password文件中的用戶名密碼登錄。
其實由於我們在password.cnf中設了用戶名密碼所以直接執行mysql命令即可登錄,mysql會自動使用password.cnf中的用戶名和密碼去登錄。
如果配置主從,則主從都按以上步驟完成安裝后繼續執行以下步驟。
13.安裝半同步組件
登錄數據庫后都執行:
INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_master SONAME 'semisync_master.so';(主) INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_slave SONAME 'semisync_slave.so';(從) SHOW PLUGINS;
14.創建用於同步的REPLICATION用戶
grant replication slave, replication client on *.* to 'repl'@'91.2.9.21' identified by 'rEp^1@3#';(主) grant replication slave, replication client on *.* to 'repl'@'91.2.9.22' identified by 'rEp^1@3#';(從) flush privileges; select * from mysql.user\G;
15.主庫查看同步信息
show master status \G;
16.從庫指向主庫
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.220.136', -> MASTER_USER='ls',--之前在主中添加的用以同步的用戶 -> MASTER_PASSWORD='ls',--之前添加的用戶的密碼 -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',--值為主中查詢到的File -> MASTER_LOG_POS=1210; --值為從主中查詢到的Position
17.從庫啟動slave
start slave;
show slave status\G;
18.啟動半同步
動態修改(即登錄數據庫后執行,主備都要):
set global rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled =1;(主) set global rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 10000;(主) set global rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled =1;(從)
靜態修改(即在6中的server.cnf文件中加入,主從都要):
rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1 rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1 rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout=10000
19.設置從庫只讀
即在從庫的server.cnf中再加:
read_only=1
20.從查看是否成功啟動同步
show slave status \G;
如果Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running的值為yes表示啟動成功
啟動報錯: log file ./ib_logfile0 is of different size 0 5242880 bytes InnoDB: than specified in the .cnf file 0 536870912 bytes!
find / -name ib_logfile0 #定位文件位置 mv ib_logfile0 ib_logfile0.bak mv ib_logfile1 ib_logfile1.bak
service mysqld start #再次啟動即可
