python之簡單主機批量管理工具

 

轉發注明出處:http://www.cnblogs.com/0zcl/p/6352278.html 

今天做了一個很簡單的小項目，感受到了paramiko模塊的強大，也深感自己Linux的功力不行~~

一、需求

二、簡單需求分析及流程圖

需求很少，我就簡單地說下:
　　1. 主機分組可以配置文件實現(我用字典存數據的).
　　2. 登陸功能不做。選擇分組后可查看組內對應主機的主機名和IP地址.
　　3. >>>cmd: df(輸入命令則起多個線程(視組內有多少個主機而定)同時執行)
　　　 輸出:
　　　 －－－－－－－－－－－－－h1－－－－－－－－－－－－
　　　 ……(命令返回的數據)
　　　 －－－－－－－－－－－－－h2－－－－－－－－－－－－
　　　 ……
　　　 >>>put  test.yy(本地文件)   filename (把本地的test.yy文件傳到遠程主機的/root目錄下)
　　4.可寫在配置文件中。包括遠程主機的: 主機名 IP 用戶名 密碼 端口

 

流程圖

我做的流程圖https://www.processon.com/diagraming/588a1219e4b087b11659068b

 

三、目錄結構及源代碼

目錄結構:

from_windows.py(待上傳的文件)

main.py(批量主機管理接口)

"""批量主機管理接口"""

import core

if __name__ == "__main__":
    core.run()

core.py(核心代碼，被接口調用)

"""核心代碼"""  2 import settings  3 import paramiko  4 import threading  5 import os  6  7  8 class REMOTE_HOST(object):  9 #遠程操作主機 10 def __init__(self, host, port ,username, password, cmd): 11 self.host = host 12 self.port = port 13 self.username = username 14 self.password = password 15 self.cmd = cmd 16 17 def run(self): 18 """起線程連接遠程主機后調用""" 19 cmd_str = self.cmd.split()[0] 20 if hasattr(self, cmd_str): #反射 eg:調用put方法 21  getattr(self, cmd_str)() 22 else: 23 #setattr(x,'y',v)is equivalent to ``x.y=v'' 24  setattr(self, cmd_str, self.command) 25 getattr(self, cmd_str)() #調用command方法，執行批量命令處理 26 27 def command(self): 28 """批量命令處理""" 29 ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() #創建ssh對象 30 #允許連接不在know_hosts文件中的主機 31  ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) 32 ssh.connect(hostname=self.host,port=self.port,username=self.username,password=self.password) 33 stdin,stdout,stderr = ssh.exec_command(self.cmd) 34 result = stdout.read() 35 print("%s".center(50, "-") % self.host) 36 print(result.decode()) 37  ssh.close() 38 39 def put(self): 40 """上傳文件""" 41 filename = self.cmd.split()[1] #要上傳的文件 42 transport = paramiko.Transport((self.host, self.port)) 43 transport.connect(username=self.username, password=self.password) 44 sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport) 45  sftp.put(filename, filename) 46 print("put sucesss") 47 48  transport.close() 49 50 51 def show_host_list(): 52 """通過選擇分組顯示主機名與IP""" 53 for index, key in enumerate(settings.msg_dic): 54 print(index + 1, key, len(settings.msg_dic[key])) 55 while True: 56 choose_host_list = input(">>>(eg:group1)").strip() 57 host_dic = settings.msg_dic.get(choose_host_list) 58 if host_dic: 59 #print(host_dic) 60 for key in host_dic: 61 print(key, host_dic[key]["IP"]) 62 return host_dic 63 else: 64 print("NO exit this group!") 65 66 67 def interactive(choose_host_list): 68 """根據選擇的分組主機起多個線程進行批量交互""" 69 thread_list = [] 70 while True: 71 cmd = input(">>>").strip() 72 if cmd: 73 for key in choose_host_list: 74 host, port, username, password = choose_host_list[key]["IP"], choose_host_list[key]["port"], \ 75 choose_host_list[key]["username"], choose_host_list[key]["password"] 76 func = REMOTE_HOST(host, port, username, password, cmd) # 實例化類 77 t = threading.Thread(target=func.run) # 起線程 78  t.start() 79  thread_list.append(t) 80 for t in thread_list: 81 t.join() # 主線程等待子線程執行完畢 82 else: 83 continue 84 85 86 def run(): 87 choose_host_list = show_host_list() 88     interactive(choose_host_list)

settings.py(配置文件)

"""配置文件"""

msg_dic = {
    "group1":{    #分組1
        "h1":{"IP":"192.168.1.1", "username":"11", "password":"aa", "port":22},
        "h2":{"IP":"192.168.1.2", "username":"22", "password":"bb", "port":22},
        "h3":{"IP":"192.168.1.3", "username":"33", "password":"cc", "port":22},
        "h4":{"IP":"192.168.1.4", "username":"44", "password":"dd", "port":22},
        "h5":{"IP":"192.168.1.5", "username":"55", "password":"ee", "port":22},
        "h6":{"IP":"192.168.1.6", "username":"66", "password":"ff", "port":22},
    },

    "group2":{    #分組2
        "h1":{"IP":"192.168.2.1", "username":"111", "password":"aaa", "port":22},
        "h2":{"IP":"192.168.2.2", "username":"222", "password":"bbb", "port":22},
        "h3":{"IP":"192.168.2.3", "username":"333", "password":"ccc", "port":22},
        "h4":{"IP":"192.168.2.4", "username":"444", "password":"ddd", "port":22},
        "h5":{"IP":"192.168.2.5", "username":"555", "password":"eee", "port":22},
        "h6":{"IP":"192.168.2.6", "username":"666", "password":"fff", "port":22},
        "h7":{"IP":"192.168.2.7", "username":"777", "password":"ggg", "port":22},
        "h8":{"IP":"192.168.2.8", "username":"888", "password":"hhh", "port":22},
    },

    "group3":{
        "h1":{"IP":"192.168.179.133", "username":"root", "password":"zcl", "port":22},
    }
}

測試:

硬件限制，我只用連接一台虛擬機測試~

C:\Python34\python3.exe C:/Users/Administrator/PycharmProjects/laonanhai/host_manage/main.py
1 group1 6
2 group3 1
3 group2 8
>>>(eg:group1)group3
h1 192.168.179.133
>>>put from_windows.py
put sucesss
>>>
>>>ls
------------------------192.168.179.133------------------------
anaconda-ks.cfg
database_test
from_windows.py
install.log
install.log.syslog
m
oot
\root
tmp\from_windows.py

>>>

 上傳前沒有from_windows.py文件，上傳后就有了!

 

 

 

PS:關於paramiko模塊可以看看這篇博客http://www.cnblogs.com/starof/p/4670433.html