現有一個需求如下：監控某個目錄中的文件修改，創建，刪除等信息，並記錄下來.
這里用到FileSystemWatcher類.由於考慮到文件的寫入量會很頻率，所以考慮先將監聽到的消息記錄到內存中。
監聽部分的代碼如下：
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.IO; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace FileEventListener { public partial class FSWControl : Form { static int count = 0; static FileSystemWatcher watcher = new FileSystemWatcher(); static int eventCount = 0; //static List<string> files = new List<string>(); public FSWControl() { InitializeComponent(); WatcherStrat(@"D:\test\", "*.tr", true, true); } /// <summary> /// 初始化監聽 /// </summary> /// <param name="StrWarcherPath">需要監聽的目錄</param> /// <param name="FilterType">需要監聽的文件類型(篩選器字符串)</param> /// <param name="IsEnableRaising">是否啟用監聽</param> /// <param name="IsInclude">是否監聽子目錄</param> private static void WatcherStrat(string StrWarcherPath, string FilterType, bool IsEnableRaising, bool IsInclude) { //初始化監聽 watcher.BeginInit(); //設置監聽文件類型 watcher.Filter = FilterType; //設置是否監聽子目錄 watcher.IncludeSubdirectories = IsInclude; //設置是否啟用監聽? watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = IsEnableRaising; //設置需要監聽的更改類型(如:文件或者文件夾的屬性,文件或者文件夾的創建時間;NotifyFilters枚舉的內容) watcher.NotifyFilter = NotifyFilters.Attributes | NotifyFilters.CreationTime | NotifyFilters.DirectoryName | NotifyFilters.FileName | NotifyFilters.LastAccess | NotifyFilters.LastWrite | NotifyFilters.Security | NotifyFilters.Size; //設置監聽的路徑 watcher.Path = StrWarcherPath; //注冊創建文件或目錄時的監聽事件 //watcher.Created += new FileSystemEventHandler(watch_created); //注冊當指定目錄的文件或者目錄發生改變的時候的監聽事件 watcher.Changed += new FileSystemEventHandler(watch_changed); //注冊當刪除目錄的文件或者目錄的時候的監聽事件 watcher.Deleted += new FileSystemEventHandler(watch_deleted); //當指定目錄的文件或者目錄發生重命名的時候的監聽事件 watcher.Renamed += new RenamedEventHandler(watch_renamed); //結束初始化 watcher.EndInit(); } /// <summary> /// 創建文件或者目錄時的監聽事件 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> private static void watch_created(object sender, FileSystemEventArgs e) { //事件內容 output("create:" + e.FullPath); } /// <summary> /// 當指定目錄的文件或者目錄發生改變的時候的監聽事件 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> private static void watch_changed(object sender, FileSystemEventArgs e) { //事件內容 //事件內容 output("change:" + e.FullPath); } /// <summary> /// 當刪除目錄的文件或者目錄的時候的監聽事件 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> private static void watch_deleted(object sender, FileSystemEventArgs e) { //事件內容 output("del:" + e.FullPath); } /// <summary> /// 當指定目錄的文件或者目錄發生重命名的時候的事件 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> private static void watch_renamed(object sender, RenamedEventArgs e) { //事件內容 output("rename:" + e.FullPath); } /// <summary> /// 啟動或者停止監聽 /// </summary> /// <param name="IsEnableRaising">True:啟用監聽,False:關閉監聽</param> private void WatchStartOrSopt(bool IsEnableRaising) { watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = IsEnableRaising; } private static void output(string text) { //FileStream fs = new FileStream("D:\\listen.txt", FileMode.Append); //StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs, Encoding.Default); //sw.WriteLine(text); //sw.Close(); //fs.Close(); //files.Add(text); eventCount++; } private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string name = count.ToString() + "_" + eventCount.ToString(); FileStream fs = new FileStream("D:\\listen_" + name + ".txt", FileMode.Append); StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs, Encoding.Default); //foreach (string text in files) //{ // sw.WriteLine(text); //} sw.WriteLine("共收到事件:" + eventCount.ToString()); //files.Clear(); eventCount = 0; sw.Close(); fs.Close(); count++; MessageBox.Show("打印完成:" + name, "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK); } private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { WatchStartOrSopt(false); } private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { WatchStartOrSopt(true); } } }
然后寫一個生成文件的程序用於測試，由於可能需要多個寫入一起跑，采用傳入參數的方式進行調用程序。共三個參數：第一個為標識，第二個為生成文件的數量，第三個為開始運行的時間:
如 FileCreater.exe 1 1000 121000 則表示這個實例的名稱為1，連續生成1000個文件，在12：10：00開始執行。
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.IO; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace FileCreater { public partial class Form1 : Form { string filePre = ""; string startTime = ""; public Form1(string[] args) { filePre = args[0]; startTime = args[2]; InitializeComponent(); timer1.Interval = 100; timer1.Tick += button1_Click; timer1.Enabled = true; this.Text = "FileCreater" + filePre + "_" + startTime; this.numericUpDown1.Value = int.Parse(args[1]); } private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { label3.Text = DateTime.Now.ToString("HHmmss") + "|" + startTime; if (int.Parse(DateTime.Now.ToString("HHmmss")) > int.Parse(startTime)) { label3.Text = numericUpDown1.Value.ToString(); for (int i = 1; i <= numericUpDown1.Value; i++) { //string time = DateTime.Now.ToString("ddhhMMss"); string file = string.Format(@"{0}\{1}_{2}.tr", textBox1.Text, i, filePre); FileStream fs = new FileStream(file, FileMode.Append); StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs, Encoding.Default); sw.WriteLine(i.ToString()); sw.Close(); fs.Close(); } timer1.Stop(); } //MessageBox.Show("已完成", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK); Application.Exit(); } } }
測試過程中發現如下現象：
1.一個生成文件程序，連續生成10W的文件時會發生計數器記錄下的值小於或多於10W