sql語句查詢數據庫中的表名/列名/主鍵/自動增長值

原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/pukuimin1226/article/details/7687538

 

----查詢數據庫中用戶創建的表
----jsj01 為數據庫名

select name tablename from jsj01..sysobjects where type='U' and name not in ('dtproperties')

 

--查詢表里的字段信息

exec sp_help  對象名

 

---docs為表名

select * from syscolumns where id = object_id('docs')

 

----查詢數據庫中所有類型

select name,xtype from systypes

 

----兩表聯查，顯示表中所有字段和對應的數據類型
----syscolumns里字段‘xtype’ 對應 systypes里的 ‘xusertype’ ,systypes 里的‘name’字段就是字段的數據類型
----docs 為表名

select a.name as fieldname,b.name as type from 
syscolumns as a 
join systypes as b 
on a.xtype = b.xusertype 
where id=object_id('docs')

 

----docs為數據表名   ： 查詢表字段、類型、說明

select a.name  fieldname,b.name  type,c.value comment from 
syscolumns as a 
full join systypes as b 
on a.xtype = b.xusertype
full join ::fn_listextendedproperty(NULL, 'user', 'dbo', 'table', 'docs', 'column', default) as c ----這是2000版本，2005把user改為schema
on a.name=c.objname COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS  -----排序規則（有時不加也可以，如果兩表的排序規則不同，則會報錯）
--join sysproperties c
--on a.id=c.major_id
where id=object_id('docs')

 

----查詢表里的主鍵，沒有主鍵為空，如果是多個組合主鍵就有多個值  pk為主鍵  fk為外鍵
--- jsj01 為數據庫名  docs為表名  fk表示外鍵 

----sql2000

select column_name as primarykey,*  from 
[jsj01].INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE 
where Table_name='docs' and constraint_name like 'fk_%'

-----sql2005

SELECT @PrimaryKey =  CCU.COLUMN_NAME
FROM     INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS TC 
    INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE CCU ON TC.CONSTRAINT_NAME = CCU.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE TC.TABLE_NAME = 'docs' AND TC.CONSTRAINT_TYPE='PRIMARY KEY'

--select * from sysobjects WHERE OBJECT_NAME(sysobjects.parent_obj)='docs' --and xtype='pk'
--select * from sysconstraints  where id = object_id('docs')
--select * from syscolumns where id = object_id('docs')
--select * from sysindexes 
--select * from sysindexkeys

 

----查詢表中自動增長的字段，沒有為空，如果有就只有一個
----docs為表名  -- sql2000

SELECT a.name column_name,b.name  data_type
FROM syscolumns a,systypes b
WHERE a.id=object_id('docs') and a.xtype = b.xusertype 
AND a.autoval is not null

-------- sql2005

select 
    a.Name
from 
    syscolumns a 
left join
    sysobjects b on a.iD=b.parent_obj and b.xtype='PK'
where
    a.ID=object_id('docs') and a.status=0x80

 

----For mssql2005

SELECT 
表名=case when a.colorder=1 then d.name else '' end, 
表說明=case when a.colorder=1 then isnull(f.value,'') else '' end, 
字段序號=a.colorder, 
字段名=a.name, 
標識=case when COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'IsIdentity')=1 then '1' else '' end,
主鍵=case when exists(SELECT 1 FROM sysobjects where xtype='PK' and name in(
SELECT name FROM sysindexes WHERE indid in(
SELECT indid FROM sysindexkeys WHERE id = a.id AND colid=a.colid
))) then '1' else '' end,
類型=b.name,
占用字節數=a.length,
長度=COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'PRECISION'),
小數位數=isnull(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'Scale'),0),
允許空=case when a.isnullable=1 then '1' else '' end,
默認值=isnull(e.text,''),
字段說明=isnull(g.[value],'')
FROM syscolumns a
left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype 
inner join sysobjects d on a.id=d.id and d.xtype='U' and d.name<>'dtproperties' 
left join syscomments e on a.cdefault=e.id 
left join sys.extended_properties g on a.id=g.major_id and a.colid=g.minor_id 
left join sys.extended_properties f on d.id=f.major_id and f.minor_id =0 
--where d.name='classinfo'         --如果只查詢指定表,加上此條件   
order by a.id,a.colorder

 

----For mssql2000

SELECT 
表名=d.name,--case when a.colorder=1 then d.name else '' end,
字段序號=a.colorder,
字段名=a.name,
標識=case when COLUMNPROPERTY( a.id,a.name,'IsIdentity')=1 then '√'else '' end,
主鍵=case when exists(SELECT 1 FROM sysobjects where xtype='PK' and name in (
SELECT name FROM sysindexes WHERE indid in(
   SELECT indid FROM sysindexkeys WHERE id = a.id AND colid=a.colid
))) then '√' else '' end,
類型=b.name,
占用字節數=a.length,
長度=COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'PRECISION'),
小數位數=isnull(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'Scale'),0),
允許空=case when a.isnullable=1 then '√'else '' end,
默認值=isnull(e.text,''),
字段說明=isnull(g.[value],'')
FROM syscolumns a
left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype
inner join sysobjects d on a.id=d.id and d.xtype='U' and d.name<>'dtproperties'
left join syscomments e on a.cdefault=e.id
left join sysproperties g on a.id=g.id and a.colid=g.smallid 
order by a.id,a.colorder