說在前面的話
默認情況下，Hive元數據保存在內嵌的Derby數據庫中，只能允許一個會話連接，只適合簡單的測試。實際生產環境中不使用，為了支持多用戶會話，
則需要一個獨立的元數據庫，使用MySQL作為元數據庫，Hive內部對MySQL提供了很好的支持。
在Ubuntu系統下安裝並配置hive詳細正確步驟如下！
一、mysql-server和mysql-client的下載
root@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local# sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client （Ubuntu版本）
我這里，root密碼，為rootroot。
二、啟動MySQL服務
root@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local# sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start （Ubuntu版本）
* Starting MySQL database server mysqld [ OK ]
root@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local#
附加說明，
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart 這是重啟
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop 這是停止
三、進入mysql服務
Ubuntu里 的mysql里有個好處，直接自己對root@下的所有，自己默認設置好了
root@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: //輸入rootroot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 43
Server version: 5.5.53-0ubuntu0.14.04.1 (Ubuntu)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> CREATE USER 'hive'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'hive';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'hive'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use hive;
Database changed
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | sparksinglenode | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | ::1 | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| debian-sys-maint | localhost | *5DD77395EB71A702D01A6B0FADD8F2C0C88830C5 |
| hive | % | *4DF1D66463C18D44E3B001A8FB1BBFBEA13E27FC |
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit;
Bye
root@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local#
在ubuntu系統里，默認情況下MySQL只允許本地登錄，所以需要修改配置文件將地址綁定注釋。
sudo gedit /etc/mysql/my.cnf
找到 # bind-address = 127.0.0.1 注釋掉這一行就可以啦
重啟mysql服務
sudo service mysqld restart
然后，建立Hive專用的元數據庫，記得用我們剛創建的"hive"賬號登錄。
mysql -u hive -p hive
CREATE DATABASE hive_metadata
四、安裝hive
這里，很簡單，不多贅述。
spark@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local/hive$ ll
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 3 spark spark 4096 11月 21 10:39 ./
drwxr-xr-x 15 root root 4096 11月 21 10:25 ../
drwxrwxr-x 9 spark spark 4096 11月 21 10:38 apache-hive-2.1.0-bin/
spark@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local/hive$ mv apache-hive-2.1.0-bin hive-2.1.0
spark@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local/hive$ ls
hive-2.1.0
spark@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local/hive$ cd hive-2.1.0/
spark@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0$ ls
bin examples jdbc LICENSE README.txt scripts
conf hcatalog lib NOTICE RELEASE_NOTES.txt
spark@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0$ cd conf/
spark@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0/conf$ ls
beeline-log4j2.properties.template ivysettings.xml
hive-default.xml.template llap-cli-log4j2.properties.template
hive-env.sh.template llap-daemon-log4j2.properties.template
hive-exec-log4j2.properties.template parquet-logging.properties
hive-log4j2.properties.template
spark@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0/conf$ cp hive-default.xml.template hive-site.xml
spark@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0/conf$
五、配置hive
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
<value>jdbc:mysql://192.168.80.128:3306/hive_metadata?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>
<description>
JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore.
To use SSL to encrypt/authenticate the connection, provide database-specific SSL flag in the connection URL.
For example, jdbc:postgresql://myhost/db?ssl=true for postgres database.
</description>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
<description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
<value>hive</value>
<description>Username to use against metastore database</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
<value>hive</value>
<description>password to use against metastore database</description>
</property>
spark@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0/conf$ cp hive-env.sh.template hive-env.sh
spark@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0/conf$ vim hive-env.sh
spark@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0/bin$ vim hive-config.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk/jdk1.8.0_60
export HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0
vim /etc/profile
#hive
export HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0
export PATH=$PATH:$HIVE_HOME/bin
source /etc/profile
將mysql-connector-java-***.jar，復制到hive安裝目錄下的lib下。
spark@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0$ sbin/start-all.sh
一般，上面，就可以足夠安裝正確了！
附贈問題
mysql-connector-java-5.1.21-bin.jar換成較高版本的驅動如mysql-connector-java-6.0.3-bin.jar
試過了，不是這個問題。
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> delete from user where User='hive' and Host='%';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> delete from user where User='hive' and Host='sparksinglenode';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> update user set Host='%' where User='hive' and Host='localhost';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> select User,Host,Password from user;
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
| User | Host | Password |
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | sparksinglenode | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | ::1 | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| debian-sys-maint | localhost | *5DD77395EB71A702D01A6B0FADD8F2C0C88830C5 |
| hive | % | *4DF1D66463C18D44E3B001A8FB1BBFBEA13E27FC |
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> exit;
Bye
root@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local#‘’
root@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 39
Server version: 5.5.53-0ubuntu0.14.04.1 (Ubuntu)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | sparksinglenode | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | ::1 | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| debian-sys-maint | localhost | *5DD77395EB71A702D01A6B0FADD8F2C0C88830C5 |
| hive | % | *4DF1D66463C18D44E3B001A8FB1BBFBEA13E27FC |
| hive | localhost | *4DF1D66463C18D44E3B001A8FB1BBFBEA13E27FC |
| hive | sparksinglenode | *4DF1D66463C18D44E3B001A8FB1BBFBEA13E27FC |
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop user 'hive'@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop user 'hive'@'SparkSingleNode';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | sparksinglenode | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | ::1 | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| debian-sys-maint | localhost | *5DD77395EB71A702D01A6B0FADD8F2C0C88830C5 |
| hive | % | *4DF1D66463C18D44E3B001A8FB1BBFBEA13E27FC |
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit;
Bye
root@SparkSingleNode:/usr/local#
