sqlserver 操作xml


1.xml.exist 
   輸入為XQuery表達式,返回0,1或是Null。0表示不存在,1表示存在,Null表示輸入為空 
2.xml.value 
   輸入為XQuery表達式,返回一個SQL Server標量值 
3.xml.query 
   輸入為XQuery表達式,返回一個SQL Server XML類型流 
4.xml.nodes 
   輸入為XQuery表達式,返回一個XML格式文檔的一列行集 
5.xml.modify 
   使用XQuery表達式對XML的節點進行insert , update 和 delete 操作。

下面通過例子對上面的五種操作進行說明:

declare @XMLVar xml = '

<catalog> 

       <book category="ITPro">   

              <title>Windows Step By Step</title>   

              <author>Bill Zack</author>   

              <price>49.99</price> 

       </book> 

       <book category="Developer">   

              <title>Developing ADO .NET</title>   

              <author>Andrew Brust</author>   

              <price>39.93</price> 

       </book> 

       <book category="ITPro">   

              <title>Windows Cluster Server</title>   

              <author>Stephen Forte</author>   

              <price>59.99</price> 

       </book>

</catalog>'

 

1. xml.exist

   select @XMLVar.exist('/catalog/book')-----返回1  

   select @XMLVar.exist('/catalog/book/@category')-----返回1  

   select @XMLVar.exist('/catalog/book1')-----返回0  

   set @XMLVar = null  

   select @XMLVar.exist('/catalog/book')-----返回null

 

2.xml.value

   select @XMLVar.value('/catalog[1]/book[1]','varchar(MAX)')  

   select @XMLVar.value('/catalog[1]/book[2]/@category','varchar(MAX)')  

   select @XMLVar.value('/catalog[2]/book[1]','varchar(MAX)')  

 

   結果集為:  

   Windows Step By StepBill Zack49.99   Developer   NULL

 

3.xml.query

   select @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book')   

   select @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]')  

   select @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[2]/author')

   結果集分別為: 
<book category="ITPro"> 
  <title>Windows Step By Step</title> 
  <author>Bill Zack</author> 
  <price>49.99</price> 
</book> 
<book category="Developer"> 
  <title>Developing ADO .NET</title> 
  <author>Andrew Brust</author> 
  <price>39.93</price> 
</book> 
<book category="ITPro"> 
  <title>Windows Cluster Server</title> 
  <author>Stephen Forte</author> 
  <price>59.99</price> 
</book>


<book category="ITPro"> 
  <title>Windows Step By Step</title> 
  <author>Bill Zack</author> 
  <price>49.99</price> 
</book>


<author>Andrew Brust</author>

 

4.xml.nodes

   select T.c.query('.') as result from @XMLVar.nodes('/catalog/book') as T(c)  

   select T.c.query('title') as result from @XMLVar.nodes('/catalog/book') as T(c)

 

   結果集分別為:
<book category="ITPro"><title>Windows Step By Step</title><author>Bill …………

<book category="Developer"><title>Developing ADO .NET</title><author>Andrew …………
<book category="ITPro"><title>Windows Cluster Server</title><author>Stephen …………


<title>Windows Step By Step</title>
<title>Developing ADO .NET</title>
<title>Windows Cluster Server</title>

 

 5.xml.modify

SQL Server 2005/2008增加了對XML數據的支持,同時也新增了幾種操作XML的方法,本文主要以SQL Server 2008為例介紹如何對XML數據進行insert、update、delete。

      SQL Server中新增加了XML.Modify()方法,分別為xml.modify(insert),xml.modify(delete),xml.modify(replace)對應XML的插入,刪除和修改操作。

      本文以下面XML為例,對三種DML進行說明:

declare @XMLVar xml = '
<catalog>
  <book category="ITPro">
    <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
    <author>Bill Zack</author>
    <price>49.99</price>
  </book>
  <book category="Developer">
    <title>Developing ADO .NET</title>
    <author>Andrew Brust</author>
    <price>39.93</price>
  </book>
  <book category="ITPro">
    <title>Windows Cluster Server</title>
    <author>Stephen Forte</author>
    <price>59.99</price>
  </book>
</catalog>
'

 

 

 

1.XML.Modify(Insert)語句介紹

A.利用as first,at last,before,after四個參數將元素插入指定的位置

set @XMLVar.modify(
    'insert <first name="at first" /> as first into (/catalog[1]/book[1])')
set @XMLVar.modify(
    'insert <last name="at last"/> as last into (/catalog[1]/book[1])')
set @XMLVar.modify(
    'insert <before name="before"/> before (/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1])')
set @XMLVar.modify(
    'insert <after name="after"/> after (/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1])')
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');

 

結果集為:

   1:  <book category="ITPro">
   2:    <first name="at first" />
   3:    <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
   4:    <before name="before" />
   5:    <author>Bill Zack</author>
   6:    <after name="after" />
   7:    <price>49.99</price>
   8:    <last name="at last" />
   9:  </book>

 

 

 

B.將多個元素插入文檔中

--方法一:利用變量進行插入
DECLARE @newFeatures xml;
SET @newFeatures = N';        
<first>one element</first>          
<second>second element</second>'
SET @XMLVar.modify('           )      
insert sql:variable("@newFeatures")           
into (/catalog[1]/book[1])'
--方法二:直接插入 
set @XMLVar.modify(')
insert (<first>one element</first>,<second>second element</second>) 
into (/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1])'
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');
 
結果集為:
 
   1:  <book category="ITPro">
   2:    <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
   3:    <author>Bill Zack
   4:      <first>one element</first>
   5:      <second>second element</second>
   6:    </author>
   7:    <price>49.99</price>
   8:    <first>one element</first>
   9:    <second>second element</second>
  10:  </book>

 

 

 

 

C.將屬性插入文檔中

--使用變量插入
declare @var nvarchar(10) = '變量插入'
set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert (attribute var {sql:variable("@var")}))
into (/catalog[1]/book[1])'
--直接插入
set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert (attribute name {"直接插入"}))
into (/catalog[1]/book[1]/title[1])'
--多值插入
set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert (attribute Id {"多值插入1"},attribute name {"多值插入2"}) )
into (/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1])'
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');

 

結果集為:

   1:  <book category="ITPro" var="變量插入">
   2:    <title name="直接插入">Windows Step By Step</title>
   3:    <author Id="多值插入1" name="多值插入2">Bill Zack</author>
   4:    <price>49.99</price>
   5:  </book>

 

 

 

 

D.插入文本節點

set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert text{"at first"} as first)
into (/catalog[1]/book[1])'
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');

 

結果集為:

   1:  <book category="ITPro">
   2:    at first
   3:    <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
   4:    <author>Bill Zack</author>
   5:    <price>49.99</price>
   6:  </book>

 

注意:插入本文同樣具體 as first,as last,before,after四種選項,可以參考A中的使用方法

 

 

E.插入注釋節點

set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert <!--插入評論-->)
before (/catalog[1]/book[1]/title[1])'
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');

 

結果集為:

   1:  <book category="ITPro">
   2:    <!--插入評論-->
   3:    <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
   4:    <author>Bill Zack</author>
   5:    <price>49.99</price>
   6:  </book>
注意插入注釋節點同樣具體 as first,as last,before,after四種選項,可以參考A中的使用方法
 
 

 

 

F.插入處理指令

set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert <?Program "Instructions.exe" ?>)
before (/catalog[1]/book[1]/title[1])'
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');

結果集為:
   1:  <book category="ITPro">
   2:    <?Program "Instructions.exe" ?>
   3:    <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
   4:    <author>Bill Zack</author>
   5:    <price>49.99</price>
   6:  </book>
注意插入處理指令同樣具體 as first,as last,before,after四種選項,可以參考A中的使用方法

 

 

G.根據 if 條件語句進行插入 

set @XMLVar.modify(
'insert )
if (/catalog[1]/book[1]/title[2]) then
    text{"this is a 1 step"}
else ( text{"this is a 2 step"} )
    into (/catalog[1]/book[1]/price[1])'
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');
結果集為:
   1:  <book category="ITPro">
   2:    <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
   3:    <author>Bill Zack</author>
   4:    <price>49.99this is a 2 step</price>
   5:  </book>


 

2.XML.Modify(delete)語句介紹

--刪除屬性
set @XMLVar.modify('delete /catalog[1]/book[1]/@category')
--刪除節點
set @XMLVar.modify('delete /catalog[1]/book[1]/title[1]')
--刪除內容
set @XMLVar.modify('delete /catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1]/text()')
--全部刪除
set @XMLVar.modify('delete /catalog[1]/book[2]')
 
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]');

 

結果集為:

   1:  <catalog>
   2:    <book>
   3:      <author />
   4:      <price>49.99</price>
   5:    </book>
   6:    <book category="ITPro">
   7:      <title>Windows Cluster Server</title>
   8:      <author>Stephen Forte</author>
   9:      <price>59.99</price>
  10:    </book>
  11:  </catalog>

 

 

 

 

3.XML.Modify(replace)語句介紹

--替換屬性
set @XMLVar.modify('replace value of(/catalog[1]/book[1]/@category))
 with ("替換屬性")'
--替換內容
set @XMLVar.modify('replace value of(/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1]/text()[1]))
 with("替換內容")'
--條件替換
set @XMLVar.modify('replace value of (/catalog[1]/book[2]/@category))
with( 
if(count(/catalog[1]/book)>4) then
    "條件替換1"
else
    "條件替換2")'
 
SELECT @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]');
 
結果集為:

   1:  <catalog>
   2:    <book category="替換屬性">
   3:      <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
   4:      <author>替換內容</author>
   5:      <price>49.99</price>
   6:    </book>
   7:    <book category="條件替換2">
   8:      <title>Developing ADO .NET</title>
   9:      <author>Andrew Brust</author>
  10:      <price>39.93</price>
  11:    </book>
  12:    <book category="ITPro">
  13:      <title>Windows Cluster Server</title>
  14:      <author>Stephen Forte</author>
  15:      <price>59.99</price>
  16:    </book>
  17:  </catalog>


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