mysql主鍵uuid、uuid_short和int自增對比

數據庫主鍵性能對比：

    　名稱    　　　　存儲長度    　 生成方式
1.　　uuid　　　　　　　32+4　　　　　uuid()函數

2.　　uuid20　　　　　　20    　　　 UUID_SHORT()函數

3.    bigint自增　　　 20    　　　 auto_increment

測試表：id_int（）、

-- uuid測試表
CREATE TABLE `id_uuid` (
  `id` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
  `name` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- uuid20測試表 【注：id是bigint unsigned 】
CREATE TABLE `id_uuid20` (
  `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL,
  `name` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
--int自增測試表（我本地使用的是int 可以改成bigint）
CREATE TABLE `id_int` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

初始化100w條數據的存儲過程：

-- 初始化int自增
CREATE  PROCEDURE `int_init`(in  s int)
BEGIN
    DECLARE ct INT;
    SET ct=1;
    while ct<s DO
        insert into id_int( name) VALUES ( concat('aaa',ct));
        set ct=ct+1;
    END WHILE;
END

-- 初始化uuid20
CREATE  PROCEDURE `uuid20_init`( in  s int)
BEGIN
    DECLARE ct INT;
    SET ct=1;
    while ct<s DO
        insert into id_uuid20(id ,name) VALUES (uuid_short(), concat('aaa',ct));
        set ct=ct+1;
    END WHILE;
END

-- 初始化uuid

CREATE PROCEDURE `uuid_init`(in  s int)
BEGIN
    DECLARE ct INT;
    SET ct=1;
    while ct<s DO
        insert into id_uuid (id, name) VALUES (uuid(), concat('aaa',ct));
        set ct=ct+1;
    END WHILE;
END

-- 分別調用
call int_init(1000000);

call uuid20_init(1000000);

call uuid_init(1000000);

數據插入過程能發現int自增的插入速度明顯高出另外兩個，uuid()函數調用肯定沒有自增快。不過相較於插入，我更關注查詢的性能對比

count:  長整形的效率明顯高於字符型的

mysql> select count(*) from id_int;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|  2412382 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.65 sec)

mysql> select count(*) from id_uuid;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|  1005356 |
+----------+
1 row in set (6.11 sec)

mysql> select count(*) from id_uuid20;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|  1000003 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.82 sec)

基於主鍵查詢：差別不大

mysql> select * from id_int where id = 555555;
+--------+-----------+
| id     | name      |
+--------+-----------+
| 555555 | aaa555538 |
+--------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.08 sec)

mysql> select * from id_uuid where id ='e27267ba-a897-11e6-b4a0-742f68b93fab';
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
| id                                   | name      |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
| e27267ba-a897-11e6-b4a0-742f68b93fab | aaa550010 |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)

mysql> select * from id_uuid where id ='e27267ba-a897-11e6-b4a0-742f68b93fab';
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
| id                                   | name      |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
| e27267ba-a897-11e6-b4a0-742f68b93fab | aaa550010 |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from id_uuid20 where id = 24811291965678717;
+-------------------+-----------+
| id                | name      |
+-------------------+-----------+
| 24811291965678717 | aaa550010 |
+-------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.04 sec)

 

基於name查詢（無索引）：

mysql> select * from id_int where name = 'aaa550010';
+--------+-----------+
| id     | name      |
+--------+-----------+
| 550027 | aaa550010 |
+--------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.93 sec)

mysql> select * from id_uuid where name = 'aaa550010';
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
| id                                   | name      |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
| e27267ba-a897-11e6-b4a0-742f68b93fab | aaa550010 |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (6.36 sec)

mysql> select * from id_uuid20 where name = 'aaa550010';
+-------------------+-----------+
| id                | name      |
+-------------------+-----------+
| 24811291965678717 | aaa550010 |
+-------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.82 sec)

加入索引后

mysql> select * from id_int where name = 'aaa550010';
+--------+-----------+
| id     | name      |
+--------+-----------+
| 550027 | aaa550010 |
+--------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)

mysql> select * from id_uuid where name = 'aaa550010';
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
| id                                   | name      |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
| e27267ba-a897-11e6-b4a0-742f68b93fab | aaa550010 |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from id_int where name = 'aaa550010';
+--------+-----------+
| id     | name      |
+--------+-----------+
| 550027 | aaa550010 |
+--------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

插入操作：

mysql> insert into id_int (name) values('ccccd');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid20 (id,name) values(uuid_short(),'ccccc');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.13 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid20 (id,name) values(uuid_short(),'cccc1');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid20 (id,name) values(uuid_short(),'cccc3');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> insert into id_int (name) values('cccc1');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> insert into id_int (name) values('cccc2');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> insert into id_int (name) values('cccc3');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid20 (id,name) values(5231231231111111,'cccc4');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid20 (id,name) values(5231231231111112,'cccc5');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid20 (id,name) values(5531231231111112,'cccc5');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid (id,name) values(uuid(),'cccc1');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid (id,name) values(uuid(),'cccc2');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid (id,name) values(uuid(),'cccc3');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid (id,name) values('11cccasdqwdeqweqw','cccc4');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid (id,name) values('12cccasdqwdeqweqw','cccc5');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)

 參考：http://j2ees.iteye.com/blog/1554423