[Java] Spring + SpringMVC + Maven + JUnit 搭建

示例項目下載： https://github.com/yangyxd/SpringDemo

利用前面 SpringMVC 項目的配置方式，完成初步的項目創建。下面只講一些不同之處。

 

傳送門： [Java] Maven 建立 Spring MVC 工程

 

目錄結構

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.yxd.demo</groupId>
  <artifactId>SpringDemo</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>SpringDemo Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  
  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <commons-lang.version>2.6</commons-lang.version>
    <slf4j.version>1.7.6</slf4j.version>
    <spring.version>4.3.3.RELEASE</spring.version>
    <jackson.version>2.8.3</jackson.version>
  </properties>  
  
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.10</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
        <version>${commons-lang.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- 防止 jsp 報錯  -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.0</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- JSTL 定制標簽庫  -->
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>  
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>  
        <version>1.2</version>  
        <type>jar</type>  
        <scope>compile</scope>  
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- Json 庫 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        <version>${jackson.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- 各種集合類和集合工具類 -->
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>commons-collections</groupId>  
        <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>  
        <version>3.2</version>  
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.2</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- Spring Begin -->

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>  
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>  
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency> 
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>   
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- Spring End --> 
    
  </dependencies>
  
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <!-- maven 編譯插件 -->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.1</version>
        <configuration>     
            <!-- 源代碼使用的開發版本 -->
            <source>1.8</source>
            <!-- 需要生成的目標class文件的編譯版本 -->
            <target>1.8</target>
            <!-- 默認字符集編碼 -->
            <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
    
    <finalName>SpringDemo</finalName>
  </build>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
</project>

因為要用到 JUnit ，所以在依賴中添加　spring-test。　並且將 junit 改為較新的　4.10 。

 

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"  
    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">  
    
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  
  <!-- Spring配置 -->  
  <listener>  
      <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
  </listener>
    
  <context-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>     
  
  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
      <init-param>
          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
          <param-value>/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
      </init-param>
      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  
  <welcome-file-list>  
      <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>  
  </welcome-file-list>  
  
  
</web-app>

 

dispatcher-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- 啟用Spring基於annotation的DI, 使用戶可以在Spring MVC中使用Spring的強大功能。 激活 @Required 
        @Autowired,JSR 250's @PostConstruct, @PreDestroy and @Resource 等標注 -->
    <context:annotation-config />

    <!-- DispatcherServlet上下文， 只管理@Controller類型的bean， 忽略其他型的bean, 如@Service -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.yxd.example.bean">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation"
            expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
    </context:component-scan>

    <!-- HandlerMapping, 無需配置， Spring MVC可以默認啟動。 DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping 
        annotation-driven HandlerMapping -->

    <!-- 擴充了注解驅動，可以將請求參數綁定到控制器參數 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <!-- 靜態資源處理， css， js， imgs -->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />

    <!-- 配置路徑擴展名映射的媒體類型 -->
    <bean name="pathExtensionContentNegotiationStrategy"  
        class="org.springframework.web.accept.PathExtensionContentNegotiationStrategy">
       <constructor-arg>
          <props>
              <prop key="json">application/json</prop>
              <prop key="xml">application/xml</prop>
              <prop key="htm">text/html</prop>
              <prop key="rss">application/rss+xml</prop>
              <prop key="atom">application/atom+xml</prop>
          </props>
        </constructor-arg>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置映射媒體類型的策略 -->  
    <bean name="mvcContentNegotiationManager"  
        class="org.springframework.web.accept.ContentNegotiationManager">  
        <constructor-arg>  
            <list>  
                <ref bean="pathExtensionContentNegotiationStrategy" />  
            </list>  
        </constructor-arg>  
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置方法級別的@RequestMapping處理器 -->  
    <bean name="requestMappingHandlerMapping"  
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping">  
        <property name="order" value="0" />  
        <property name="contentNegotiationManager" ref="mvcContentNegotiationManager" />  
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置數據轉換服務，默認使用格式化數據轉換服務，可以對日期和數字進行格式化 -->  
    <bean name="conversionService"  
        class="org.springframework.format.support.DefaultFormattingConversionService">  
        <constructor-arg index="0">  
            <null></null>  
        </constructor-arg>  
        <constructor-arg index="1">  
            <value>true</value>  
        </constructor-arg>  
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置ViewResolver。 可以用多個ViewResolver。 使用order屬性排序。 InternalResourceViewResolver放在最后。 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass"
            value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsps/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

    <!--200*1024*1024即200M resolveLazily屬性啟用是為了推遲文件解析，以便捕獲文件大小異常 -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="209715200" />
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
        <property name="resolveLazily" value="true" />
    </bean>

</beans>

 

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"  
    xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.1.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.1.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd">  
    
    <!-- 自動掃描web包 ,將帶有注解的類 納入spring容器管理 -->  
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.yxd.example.*"></context:component-scan>  
    
    <bean id="SpringApplicationContext" class="com.yxd.example.bean.ContextHelper"></bean>  
    
</beans>

 

maven 不能設置為 web3.0 解決方法

錯誤： Description Resource Path Location Type Cannot change version of project facet Dynamic Web Module to 3.0.

首先在硬盤下找到  \項目名\.setting\文件夾 下的   org.eclipse.wst.common.project.facet.core.xml  xml文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<faceted-project>
  <fixed facet="wst.jsdt.web"/>
  <installed facet="jst.web" version="2.3"/>
  <installed facet="wst.jsdt.web" version="1.0"/>
  <installed facet="java" version="1.7"/>
</faceted-project>

將 jst.web 的version 改成 3.0.

然后在eclipse里右鍵該工程--maven--updateProject （或按 Alt + F5）即可。

 

參考資料

Spring IOC--Bean的裝配(使用注解定義Bean)