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iOS - 系統權限(關鍵時刻很有用的)

本文轉載自   查看原文   2016-10-25 15:00   1914    iOS-細節功能

 

iOS開發中權限問題：

  • APP開發避免不開系統權限的問題，如何在APP以更加友好的方式向用戶展示系統權限，似乎也是開發過程中值得深思的一件事；

  • 那如何提高APP獲取iOS系統權限的通過率呢？有以下幾種方式:1.在用戶打開APP時就向用戶請求權限；2.告知用戶授權權限后能夠獲得好處之后，再向用戶請求權限；3.在絕對必要的情況下才向用戶請求權限，例如：用戶訪問照片庫時請求訪問系統相冊權限；4.在展示系統權限的對話框前，先向用戶顯示自定義的對話框，若用戶選擇不允許，默認無操作，若用戶選擇允許，再展示系統對話框。

  • 上述情況在開發過程中是經常遇到的，不同方式的選擇會影響最后用戶交互體驗。這一點感悟正是源於上一周工作遇到的問題：適配iOS10，如何獲取應用聯網權限用以管理系統對話框的顯示管理。當我把這個問題解決后，感覺有必要將常用的iOS系統權限做一個總結，以便后用。

權限分類

  • 聯網權限
  • 相冊權限
  • 相機、麥克風權限
  • 定位權限
  • 推送權限
  • 通訊錄權限
  • 日歷、備忘錄權限

 

聯網權限

  1. 引入頭文件 @import CoreTelephony; 
  2. 檢查應用是否有聯網功能 
    CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init];
CTCellularDataRestrictedState state = cellularData.restrictedState;
 switch (state) {
  case kCTCellularDataRestricted:
      NSLog(@"Restricrted");
      break;
  case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted:
      NSLog(@"Not Restricted");
      break;
  case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown:
      NSLog(@"Unknown");
      break;
  default:
      break;
}

     

  3. 應用啟動后，獲取應用中是否有聯網權限  

    CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init];
cellularData.cellularDataRestrictionDidUpdateNotifier =  ^(CTCellularDataRestrictedState state){
  //獲取聯網狀態
  switch (state) {
      case kCTCellularDataRestricted:
          NSLog(@"Restricrted");
          break;
      case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted:
          NSLog(@"Not Restricted");
          break;
      case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown:
          NSLog(@"Unknown");
          break;
      default:
          break;
  };
};

     

相冊權限--iOS 9.0之前

  1. 導入頭文件@import AssetsLibrary;

  2. 檢查是否有相冊權限

    ALAuthorizationStatus status = [ALAssetsLibrary authorizationStatus];
switch (status) {
  case ALAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
      break;
  case ALAuthorizationStatusDenied:
      NSLog(@"Denied");
      break;
  case ALAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
      NSLog(@"not Determined");
      break;
  case ALAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
      NSLog(@"Restricted");
      break;

  default:
      break;
}

     

相冊權限--iOS 8.0之后

  1. 導入頭文件@import Photos;

  2. 檢查是否有相冊權限

    PHAuthorizationStatus photoAuthorStatus = [PHPhotoLibrary authorizationStatus];
switch (photoAuthorStatus) {
  case PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
      break;
  case PHAuthorizationStatusDenied:
      NSLog(@"Denied");
      break;
  case PHAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
      NSLog(@"not Determined");
      break;
  case PHAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
      NSLog(@"Restricted");
      break;
  default:
      break;
};
  3. 獲取相冊權限 
     [PHPhotoLibrary requestAuthorization:^(PHAuthorizationStatus status) {
  if (status == PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
  }else{
      NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
  }
  }];

      

相機和麥克風權限

  1. 導入頭文件@import AVFoundation;

  2. 檢查是否有相機或麥克風權限

    AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];//相機權限
AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio];//麥克風權限

switch (AVstatus) {
  case AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
      break;
  case AVAuthorizationStatusDenied:
      NSLog(@"Denied");
      break;
  case AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
      NSLog(@"not Determined");
      break;
  case AVAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
      NSLog(@"Restricted");
      break;
  default:
      break;
}
  3. 獲取相機或麥克風權限 
    [AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {//相機權限
  if (granted) {
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
  }else{
      NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
  }
}];

[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {//麥克風權限
  if (granted) {
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
  }else{
      NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
  }
}];

     

 

定位權限

  1. 導入頭文件@import CoreLocation;
  2. 由於iOS8.0之后定位方法的改變，需要在info.plist中進行配置；
  4. 檢查是否有定位權限 
    BOOL isLocation = [CLLocationManager locationServicesEnabled];
if (!isLocation) {
  NSLog(@"not turn on the location");
}
CLAuthorizationStatus CLstatus = [CLLocationManager authorizationStatus];
switch (CLstatus) {
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways:
      NSLog(@"Always Authorized");
      break;
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse:
      NSLog(@"AuthorizedWhenInUse");
      break;
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:
      NSLog(@"Denied");
      break;
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
      NSLog(@"not Determined");
      break;
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
      NSLog(@"Restricted");
      break;
  default:
      break;
}
  5. 獲取定位權限 
    CLLocationManager *manager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
[manager requestAlwaysAuthorization];//一直獲取定位信息
[manager requestWhenInUseAuthorization];//使用的時候獲取定位信息
  6. 在代理方法中查看權限是否改變 
    - (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didChangeAuthorizationStatus:(CLAuthorizationStatus)status{
 switch (status) {
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways:
      NSLog(@"Always Authorized");
      break;
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse:
      NSLog(@"AuthorizedWhenInUse");
      break;
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:
      NSLog(@"Denied");
      break;
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
      NSLog(@"not Determined");
      break;
  case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
      NSLog(@"Restricted");
      break;
  default:
      break;
  }

}

推送權限

  1. 檢查是否有通訊權限

      UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] currentUserNotificationSettings];
switch (settings.types) {
  case UIUserNotificationTypeNone:
      NSLog(@"None");
      break;
  case UIUserNotificationTypeAlert:
      NSLog(@"Alert Notification");
      break;
  case UIUserNotificationTypeBadge:
      NSLog(@"Badge Notification");
      break;
  case UIUserNotificationTypeSound:
      NSLog(@"sound Notification'");
      break;

  default:
      break;
}

     

     

  2. 獲取推送權限

    UIUserNotificationSettings *setting = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeBadge categories:nil];
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerUserNotificationSettings:setting];

      

通訊錄權限

iOS9.0之前
  1. 導入頭文件 @import AddressBook;

  2. 檢查是否有通訊錄權限

    ABAuthorizationStatus ABstatus = ABAddressBookGetAuthorizationStatus();
switch (ABstatus) {
  case kABAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
      break;
  case kABAuthorizationStatusDenied:
      NSLog(@"Denied'");
      break;
  case kABAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
      NSLog(@"not Determined");
      break;
  case kABAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
      NSLog(@"Restricted");
      break;
  default:
      break;
}
  3. 獲取通訊錄權限 
    ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, NULL);
ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(addressBook, ^(bool granted, CFErrorRef error) {
  if (granted) {
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
      CFRelease(addressBook);
  }else{
      NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
  }
});
iOS9.0及以后
  1. 導入頭文件 @import Contacts;
  2. 檢查是否有通訊錄權限 
    CNAuthorizationStatus status = [CNContactStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts];
  switch (status) {
        case CNAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
        {
            NSLog(@"Authorized:");
        }
            break;
        case CNAuthorizationStatusDenied:{
            NSLog(@"Denied");
        }
            break;
        case CNAuthorizationStatusRestricted:{
            NSLog(@"Restricted");
        }
            break;
        case CNAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:{
             NSLog(@"NotDetermined");
        }
            break;

       }
  3. 獲取通訊錄權限 
    CNContactStore *contactStore = [[CNContactStore alloc] init];
    [contactStore requestAccessForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
        if (granted) {

           NSLog(@"Authorized");

        }else{

           NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
        }
    }];

 

日歷、備忘錄權限

  1. 導入頭文件

  2. 檢查是否有日歷或者備忘錄權限

  3.  typedef NS_ENUM(NSUInteger, EKEntityType) {
  EKEntityTypeEvent,//日歷
  EKEntityTypeReminder //備忘
 };

     

  4. EKAuthorizationStatus EKstatus = [EKEventStore  authorizationStatusForEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent];
switch (EKstatus) {
  case EKAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
      break;
  case EKAuthorizationStatusDenied:
      NSLog(@"Denied'");
      break;
  case EKAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
      NSLog(@"not Determined");
      break;
  case EKAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
      NSLog(@"Restricted");
      break;
  default:
      break;
}
  5. 獲取日歷或備忘錄權限 
    EKEventStore *store = [[EKEventStore alloc]init];
[store requestAccessToEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent completion:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
  if (granted) {
      NSLog(@"Authorized");
  }else{
      NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
  }
}];

     

 

最后一點

  • 素有獲取權限的方法，多用於用戶第一次操作應用，iOS 8.0之后，將這些設置都整合在一起，並且可以開啟或關閉相應的權限。所有的權限都可以通過下面的方法打開： 
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString]];

     

 

 

還有藍牙...等

 


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