HSV(Hue, Saturation, Value)色彩空間是一種區別與RGB的表示形式。其模型可視為一個倒立的棱錐或圓錐。
其中H為色調,用角度度量,取值范圍為0°~360°,從紅色開始按逆時針方向計算,紅色為0°,綠色為120°,藍色為240°。它們的補色是:黃色為60°,青色為180°,品紅為300°;
S為飽和度,飽和度S表示顏色接近光譜色的程度。一種顏色,可以看成是某種光譜色與白色混合的結果。其中光譜色所占的比例愈大,顏色接近光譜色的程度就愈高,顏色的飽和度也就愈高。飽和度高,顏色則深而艷。光譜色的白光成分為0,飽和度達到最高。通常取值范圍為0%~100%,值越大,顏色越飽和。
V為亮度,明度表示顏色明亮的程度,對於光源色,明度值與發光體的光亮度有關;對於物體色,此值和物體的透射比或反射比有關。通常取值范圍為0%(黑)到100%(白)。
下面是一個比較直觀的HSV表示圖

HSV色彩空間常用與選取顏色或圖像編輯,下面是發現的一個比較有趣的小demo是關於用HSV進行膚色識別的demo
#include<opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include<opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
#include<opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include<iostream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
VideoCapture cap(0); //capture the video from web cam
if (!cap.isOpened()) // if not success, exit program
{
cout << "Cannot open the web cam" << endl;
return -1;
}
namedWindow("Control", CV_WINDOW_NORMAL); //create a window called "Control"
int iLowH = 0;
int iHighH = 0;
int iLowS = 0;
int iHighS = 0;
int iLowV = 0;
int iHighV = 0;
//Create trackbars in "Control" window
cvCreateTrackbar("LowH", "Control", &iLowH, 359); //Hue (0 - 359)
cvCreateTrackbar("HighH", "Control", &iHighH, 259);
cvCreateTrackbar("LowS", "Control", &iLowS, 255); //Saturation (0 - 255)
cvCreateTrackbar("HighS", "Control", &iHighS, 255);
cvCreateTrackbar("LowV", "Control", &iLowV, 255); //Value (0 - 255)
cvCreateTrackbar("HighV", "Control", &iHighV, 255);
while (true)
{
Mat imgOriginal;
bool bSuccess = cap.read(imgOriginal); // read a new frame from video
if (!bSuccess) //if not success, break loop
{
cout << "Cannot read a frame from video stream" << endl;
break;
}
Mat imgHSV;
vector<Mat> hsvSplit;
cvtColor(imgOriginal, imgHSV, COLOR_BGR2HSV); //Convert the captured frame from BGR to HSV
// hsv[2] 是v通道 做亮度均衡
split(imgHSV, hsvSplit);
equalizeHist(hsvSplit[2], hsvSplit[2]);
merge(hsvSplit, imgHSV);
Mat imgThresholded;
inRange(imgHSV, Scalar(iLowH, iLowS, iLowV), Scalar(iHighH, iHighS, iHighV), imgThresholded); //Threshold the image
//open (remove noise)
Mat element = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(5, 5));
morphologyEx(imgThresholded, imgThresholded, MORPH_OPEN, element);
//close (connect connected-component)
morphologyEx(imgThresholded, imgThresholded, MORPH_CLOSE, element);
imshow("Thresholded Image", imgThresholded); //show the thresholded image
imshow("Original", imgOriginal); //show the original image
char key = (char)waitKey(300);
if (key == 27)
break;
}
return 0;
}
調整HSV值可以大體檢測到人體膚色部位如臉

代碼來自:http://blog.csdn.NET/zwhlxl/article/details/46381353
