【經典】C++&RPG對戰游戲

博文背景：

　　還記大二上學期的時候看的這個C++&RPG游戲（博主大一下學期自學的php,涵蓋oop內容）,一個外校的同學他們大一學的C++,大二初期C++實訓要求做一個程序填空，就是這個 RPG 對戰游戲，有幾處空需要填上，問我可以不，我就信誓旦旦的說OK,最后“萬般無奈多方考究”才給將程序補充完整。最近在做畢業設計，用到C++&QT oop部分，重新溫習了下C++ oop,就想起來大二的時候還“搗鼓”過這么個游戲，現重新看了下，進行整理總結，寫下該博文。

--------------------華麗的分割線，開始正題-----------------

 本RPG游戲介紹：

　　用戶創建一個玩家，與AI進行PK,PK中，可以普通攻擊（隨機暴擊、躲閃）、技能攻擊、加血、加藍。本游戲中指定了5個對手，任務失敗或者打敗所有對手游戲結束。

代碼架構：

mian.cpp:控制游戲流程.

container.h container.cpp:物品類.

player.h player.cpp:角色類.

swordsman.h swordsman.cpp:劍士角色.

archer.h archer.cpp:弓箭手角色.

mage.h mage.cpp:魔法師角色.

每個角色都需要物品，每個角色都繼承與角色類。

全部代碼如下：

//=======================
//        main.cpp
//=======================

// main function for the RPG style game

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

#include "swordsman.h"
#include "archer.h"
#include "mage.h"

int main()
{
    string tempName;
    bool success=0;        //flag for storing whether operation is successful
    cout <<"請輸入玩家姓名：";
    cin >>tempName;        // get player's name from keyboard input
    player *human;        // use pointer of base class, convenience for polymorphism
    int tempJob;        // temp choice for job selection
    do
    {
        cout <<"請選擇職業： 1 戰士, 2 弓箭手, 3 法師"<<endl;
        cin>>tempJob;
        system("cls");        // clear the screen
        switch(tempJob)
        {
        case 1:
            human=new swordsman(1,tempName);    // create the character with user inputted name and job
            success=1;        // operation succeed
            break;
        case 2:
            human=new archer(1,tempName);    // create the character with user inputted name and job
            success=1;        // operation succeed
            break;
        case 3:
            human=new mage(1,tempName);    // create the character with user inputted name and job
            success=1;        // operation succeed
            break;
        default:
            break;                // In this case, success=0, character creation failed
        }
    }
    while(success!=1);        // so the loop will ask user to re-create a character

    int tempCom;            // temp command inputted by user
    int nOpp=0;                // the Nth opponent
    for(int i=1; nOpp<5; i+=2)    // i is opponent's level
    {
        nOpp++;
        system("cls");
        cout<<"STAGE" <<nOpp<<endl;
        cout<<"你的對手, 一個 Lv. "<<i<<" 戰士"<<endl;
        system("pause");
        swordsman enemy(i, "Warrior");    // Initialise an opponent, level i, name "Junior"
        human->reFill();                // get HP/MP refill before start fight

        while(!human->death() && !enemy.death())    // no died
        {
            success=0;
            while (success!=1)
            {
                showinfo(*human,enemy);                // show fighter's information
                cout<<"請選擇: "<<endl;
                cout<<"1 攻擊; 2 技能; 3 使用體力葯水; 4 使用魔法葯水; 0 離開游戲"<<endl;
                cin>>tempCom;
                switch(tempCom)
                {
                case 0:
                    cout<<"確定退出嗎? Y/N"<<endl;
                    char temp;
                    cin>>temp;
                    if(temp=='Y'||temp=='y')
                        return 0;
                    else
                        break;
                case 1:
                    success=human->attack(enemy);
                    human->isLevelUp();
                    enemy.isDead();
                    break;
                case 2:
                    success=human->specialatt(enemy);
                    human->isLevelUp();
                    enemy.isDead();
                    break;
                case 3:
                    success=human->useHeal();
                    break;
                case 4:
                    success=human->useMW();
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
                }
            }
            if(!enemy.death())        // If AI still alive
                enemy.AI(*human);
            else                            // AI died
            {
                cout<<"YOU WIN"<<endl;
                human->transfer(enemy);        // player got all AI's items
            }
            if (human->death())
            {
                system("cls");
                cout<<endl<<setw(50)<<"GAME OVER"<<endl;
                delete human;//6_???????????        // player is dead, program is getting to its end, what should we do here?
                system("pause");
                return 0;
            }
        }
    }
    delete human;//7_?????????            // You win, program is getting to its end, what should we do here?
    system("cls");
    cout<<"恭喜你! 你擊敗了所有對手!!"<<endl;
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

//=======================
//        container.h
//=======================

// The so-called inventory of a player in RPG games
// contains two items, heal and magic water

#ifndef _CONTAINER//1_?????????????        // Conditional compilation
#define _CONTAINER

class container        // Inventory
{
protected:
    int numOfHeal;            // number of heal
    int numOfMW;            // number of magic water
public:
    container();            // constuctor
    void set(int heal_n, int mw_n);    // set the items numbers
    int nOfHeal();            // get the number of heal
    int nOfMW();            // get the number of magic water
    void display();            // display the items;
    bool useHeal();            // use heal
    bool useMW();            // use magic water
};

#endif

//=======================
//        container.cpp
//=======================
#include "container.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
// default constructor initialise the inventory as empty
container::container()
{
    set(0,0);
}

// set the item numbers
void container::set(int heal_n, int mw_n)
{
    numOfHeal=heal_n;
    numOfMW=mw_n;
}

// get the number of heal
int container::nOfHeal()
{
    return numOfHeal;
}

// get the number of magic water
int container::nOfMW()
{
    return numOfMW;
}

// display the items;
void container::display()
{
    cout<<"你的物品: "<<endl;
    cout<<"恢復(HP+100): "<<numOfHeal<<endl;
    cout<<"魔法葯水 (MP+80): "<<numOfMW<<endl;
}

//use heal
bool container::useHeal()
{
    numOfHeal--;//2_????????
    return 1;        // use heal successfully
}

//use magic water
bool container::useMW()
{
    numOfMW--;
    return 1;        // use magic water successfully
}

//=======================
//        player.h
//=======================

// The base class of player
// including the general properties and methods related to a character

#ifndef _PLAYER
#define _PLAYER

#include <iomanip>        // use for setting field width
#include <time.h>        // use for generating random factor
#include "container.h"
#include <string>
#include <windows.h>
using namespace std;

enum job {sw, ar, mg};    /* define 3 jobs by enumerate type
                               sword man, archer, mage */
class player
{
    friend void showinfo(player &p1, player &p2);
    friend class swordsman;
    friend class archer;
    friend class mage;

protected:
    int HP, HPmax, MP, MPmax, AP, DP, speed, EXP, LV;
    // General properties of all characters
    string name;    // character name
    job role;        /* character's job, one of swordman, archer and mage,
                       as defined by the enumerate type */
    container bag;    // character's inventory

public:
    virtual bool attack(player &p)=0;    // normal attack
    virtual bool specialatt(player &p)=0;    //special attack
    virtual void isLevelUp()=0;            // level up judgement
    /* Attention!
    These three methods are called "Pure virtual functions".
    They have only declaration, but no definition.
    The class with pure virtual functions are called "Abstract class", which can only be used to inherited, but not to constructor objects.
    The detailed definition of these pure virtual functions will be given in subclasses. */

    void reFill();        // character's HP and MP resume
    bool death();        // report whether character is dead
    void isDead();        // check whether character is dead
    bool useHeal();        // consume heal, irrelevant to job
    bool useMW();        // consume magic water, irrelevant to job
    void transfer(player &p);    // possess opponent's items after victory
    void showRole();    // display character's job

private:
    bool playerdeath;            // whether character is dead, doesn't need to be accessed or inherited
};

#endif

//=======================
//        player.cpp
//=======================

#include "player.h"
#include <iostream>
//using namespace std;
// character's HP and MP resume
void player::reFill()
{
    HP=HPmax;        // HP and MP fully recovered
    MP=MPmax;
}

// report whether character is dead
bool player::death()
{
    return playerdeath;
}

// check whether character is dead
void player::isDead()
{
    if(HP<=0)        // HP less than 0, character is dead
    {
        cout<<name<<" 死亡." <<endl;
        system("pause");
        playerdeath=1;    // give the label of death value 1
    }
}

// consume heal, irrelevant to job
bool player::useHeal()
{
    if(bag.nOfHeal()>0)
    {
        HP=HP+100;
        if(HP>HPmax)        // HP cannot be larger than maximum value
            HP=HPmax;        // so assign it to HPmax, if necessary
        cout<<name<<" 使用恢復, HP 增加 100."<<endl;
        bag.useHeal();        // use heal
        system("pause");
        return 1;    // usage of heal succeed
    }
    else                // If no more heal in bag, cannot use
    {
        cout<<"對不起, 你沒有足夠的恢復."<<endl;
        system("pause");
        return 0;    // usage of heal failed
    }
}

// consume magic water, irrelevant to job
bool player::useMW()
{
    if(bag.nOfMW()>0)
    {
        MP=MP+100;
        if(MP>MPmax)
            MP=MPmax;
        cout<<name<<" 使用魔法葯水, MP 增加 100."<<endl;
        bag.useMW();
        system("pause");
        return 1;    // usage of magic water succeed
    }
    else
    {
        cout<<"對不起,你沒有足夠的魔法葯水."<<endl;
        system("pause");
        return 0;    // usage of magic water failed
    }
}

// possess opponent's items after victory
void player::transfer(player &p)
{
    cout<<name<<" 獲得"<<p.bag.nOfHeal()<<" 恢復, 和 "<<p.bag.nOfMW()<<" 魔法葯水."<<endl;
    system("pause");
    bag.set(bag.nOfHeal() + p.bag.nOfHeal(), bag.nOfMW() + p.bag.nOfMW());//3_???????????
    // set the character's bag, get opponent's items
}

// display character's job
void player::showRole()
{
    switch(role)
    {
    case sw:
        cout<<"戰士";
        break;
    case ar:
        cout<<"弓箭手";
        break;
    case mg:
        cout<<"法師";
        break;
    default:
        break;
    }
}


// display character's job
void showinfo(player &p1, player &p2)//4_??????????????
{
    system("cls");
    cout<<"##############################################################"<<endl;
    cout<<"# 玩家"<<setw(10)<<p1.name<<"   LV. "<<setw(3) <<p1.LV
        <<"  # 對手"<<setw(10)<<p2.name<<"   LV. "<<setw(3) <<p2.LV<<" #"<<endl;
    cout<<"# HP "<<setw(3)<<(p1.HP<=999?p1.HP:999)<<'/'<<setw(3)<<(p1.HPmax<=999?p1.HPmax:999)
        <<" | MP "<<setw(3)<<(p1.MP<=999?p1.MP:999)<<'/'<<setw(3)<<(p1.MPmax<=999?p1.MPmax:999)
        <<"     # HP "<<setw(3)<<(p2.HP<=999?p2.HP:999)<<'/'<<setw(3)<<(p2.HPmax<=999?p2.HPmax:999)
        <<" | MP "<<setw(3)<<(p2.MP<=999?p2.MP:999)<<'/'<<setw(3)<<(p2.MPmax<=999?p2.MPmax:999)<<"      #"<<endl;
    cout<<"# AP "<<setw(3)<<(p1.AP<=999?p1.AP:999)
        <<" | DP "<<setw(3)<<(p1.DP<=999?p1.DP:999)
        <<" | speed "<<setw(3)<<(p1.speed<=999?p1.speed:999)
        <<" # AP "<<setw(3)<<(p2.AP<=999?p2.AP:999)
        <<" | DP "<<setw(3)<<(p2.DP<=999?p2.DP:999)
        <<" | speed "<<setw(3)<<(p2.speed<=999?p2.speed:999)<<"  #"<<endl;
    cout<<"# EXP"<<setw(7)<<p1.EXP<<" 職業: "<<setw(7);
    p1.showRole();
    cout<<"   # EXP"<<setw(7)<<p2.EXP<<" 職業: "<<setw(7);
    p2.showRole();
    cout<<"    #"<<endl;
    cout<<"--------------------------------------------------------------"<<endl;
    p1.bag.display();
    cout<<"##############################################################"<<endl;
}

//=======================
//        swordsman.h
//=======================

// Derived from base class player
// For the job Swordsman

#include "player.h"
class swordsman :public player// 5_?????????        // subclass swordsman publicly inherited from base player
{
public:
    swordsman(int lv_in=1, string name_in="Not Given");    
        // constructor with default level of 1 and name of "Not given"
    void isLevelUp();
    bool attack (player &p);
    bool specialatt(player &p);
        /* These three are derived from the pure virtual functions of base class
           The definition of them will be given in this subclass. */
    void AI(player &p);                // Computer opponent
};

//=======================
//        swordsman.cpp
//=======================
#include "swordsman.h"
#include <iostream>

// constructor. default values don't need to be repeated here
swordsman::swordsman(int lv_in, string name_in)
{
    role=sw;    // enumerate type of job
    LV=lv_in;
    name=name_in;
    
    // Initialising the character's properties, based on his level
    HPmax=150+8*(LV-1);        // HP increases 8 point2 per level
    HP=HPmax;
    MPmax=75+2*(LV-1);        // MP increases 2 points per level
    MP=MPmax;
    AP=25+4*(LV-1);            // AP increases 4 points per level
    DP=25+4*(LV-1);            // DP increases 4 points per level
    speed=25+2*(LV-1);        // speed increases 2 points per level
    
    playerdeath=0;
    EXP=(LV-1)*(LV-1)*75;
    bag.set(lv_in, lv_in);
}

void swordsman::isLevelUp()
{
    if(EXP>=LV*LV*75)
    {
        LV++;
        AP+=4;
        DP+=4;
        HPmax+=8;
        MPmax+=2;
        speed+=2;
        cout<<name<<" Level UP!"<<endl;
        cout<<"HP 增加 8 變成 "<<HPmax<<endl;
        cout<<"MP 增加 2 變成 "<<MPmax<<endl;
        cout<<"Speed 增加 2 變成 "<<speed<<endl;
        cout<<"AP 增加 4 變成 "<<AP<<endl;
        cout<<"DP 增加 5 變成 "<<DP<<endl;
        system("pause");
        isLevelUp();    // recursively call this function, so the character can level up multiple times if got enough exp
    }
}

bool swordsman::attack(player &p)
{
    double HPtemp=0;        // opponent's HP decrement
    double EXPtemp=0;        // player obtained exp
    double hit=1;            // attach factor, probably give critical attack
    srand((unsigned)time(NULL));        // generating random seed based on system time

    // If speed greater than opponent, you have some possibility to do double attack
    if ((speed>p.speed) && (rand()%100<(speed-p.speed)))        // rand()%100 means generates a number no greater than 100
    {
        HPtemp=(int)((1.0*AP/p.DP)*AP*5/(rand()%4+10));        // opponent's HP decrement calculated based their AP/DP, and uncertain chance
        cout<<name<<"的攻擊傷害了 "<<p.name<<", "<<p.name<<"的 HP 下降 "<<HPtemp<<endl;
        p.HP=int(p.HP-HPtemp);
        EXPtemp=(int)(HPtemp*1.2);
    }

    // If speed smaller than opponent, the opponent has possibility to evade
    if ((speed<p.speed) && (rand()%50<1))
    {
        cout<<name<<"的攻擊被 "<<p.name<<"躲避"<<endl;
        system("pause");
        return 1;
    }

    // 10% chance give critical attack
    if (rand()%100<=10)
    {
        hit=1.5;
        cout<<"關鍵的攻擊: ";
    }

    // Normal attack
    HPtemp=(int)((1.0*AP/p.DP)*AP*5/(rand()%4+10));
    cout<<name<<"使用猛擊, "<<p.name<<"的 HP 下降 "<<HPtemp<<endl;
    EXPtemp=(int)(EXPtemp+HPtemp*1.2);
    p.HP=(int)(p.HP-HPtemp);
    cout<<name<<" 獲得 "<<EXPtemp<<" 經驗."<<endl;
    EXP=(int)(EXP+EXPtemp);
    system("pause");
    return 1;        // Attack success
}

bool swordsman::specialatt(player &p)
{
    if(MP<40)
    {
        cout<<"你沒有足夠的魔法值!"<<endl;
        system("pause");
        return 0;        // Attack failed
    }
    else
    {
        MP-=40;            // consume 40 MP to do special attack
        
        //10% chance opponent evades
        if(rand()%100<=10)
        {
            cout<<name<<"'s leap attack has been evaded by "<<p.name<<endl;
            system("pause");
            return 1;
        }
        
        double HPtemp=0;        
        double EXPtemp=0;        
        //double hit=1;            
        //srand(time(NULL));        
        HPtemp=(int)(AP*1.2+20);        // not related to opponent's DP
        EXPtemp=(int)(HPtemp*1.5);        // special attack provides more experience
        cout<<name<<" 使用技能, "<<p.name<<"的 HP 下降 "<<HPtemp<<endl;
        cout<<name<<" 獲得 "<<EXPtemp<<" 經驗."<<endl;
        p.HP=(int)(p.HP-HPtemp);
        EXP=(int)(EXP+EXPtemp);
        system("pause");
    }
    return 1;    // special attack succeed
}

// Computer opponent
void swordsman::AI(player &p)
{
    if ((HP<(int)((1.0*p.AP/DP)*p.AP*1.5))&&(HP+100<=1.1*HPmax)&&(bag.nOfHeal()>0)&&(HP>(int)((1.0*p.AP/DP)*p.AP*0.5)))
        // AI's HP cannot sustain 3 rounds && not too lavish && still has heal && won't be killed in next round
    {
        useHeal();
    }
    else
    {
        if(MP>=40 && HP>0.5*HPmax && rand()%100<=30)
            // AI has enough MP, it has 30% to make special attack
        {
            specialatt(p);
            p.isDead();        // check whether player is dead
        }
        else
        {
            if (MP<40 && HP>0.5*HPmax && bag.nOfMW())
                // Not enough MP && HP is safe && still has magic water
            {
                useMW();
            }
            else
            {
                attack(p);    // normal attack
                p.isDead();
            }
        }
    }
}

//=======================
//        archer.h
//=======================

// Derived from base class player
// For the job archer

#include "player.h"
class archer :public player// 5_?????????        // subclass swordsman publicly inherited from base player
{
public:
    archer(int lv_in=1, string name_in="Not Given");    
        // constructor with default level of 1 and name of "Not given"
    void isLevelUp();
    bool attack (player &p);
    bool specialatt(player &p);
        /* These three are derived from the pure virtual functions of base class
           The definition of them will be given in this subclass. */
    void AI(player &p);                // Computer opponent
};

//=======================
//        archer.cpp
//=======================
#include "archer.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <windows.h>
// constructor. default values don't need to be repeated here
archer::archer(int lv_in, string name_in)
{
    role=sw;    // enumerate type of job
    LV=lv_in;
    name=name_in;

    // Initialising the character's properties, based on his level
    HPmax=150+8*(LV-1);        // HP increases 8 point2 per level
    HP=HPmax;
    MPmax=75+2*(LV-1);        // MP increases 2 points per level
    MP=MPmax;
    AP=25+2*(LV-1);            // AP increases 4 points per level
    DP=25+6*(LV-1);            // DP increases 4 points per level
    speed=25+2*(LV-1);        // speed increases 2 points per level

    playerdeath=0;
    EXP=(LV-1)*(LV-1)*75;
    bag.set(lv_in, lv_in);
}

void archer::isLevelUp()
{
    if(EXP>=LV*LV*75)
    {
        LV++;
        AP+=4;
        DP+=4;
        HPmax+=8;
        MPmax+=2;
        speed+=2;
        cout<<name<<" Level UP!"<<endl;
        cout<<"HP 增加 8 變成 "<<HPmax<<endl;
        cout<<"MP 增加 2 變成 "<<MPmax<<endl;
        cout<<"Speed 增加 2 變成 "<<speed<<endl;
        cout<<"AP 增加 2 變成 "<<AP<<endl;
        cout<<"DP 增加 6 變成 "<<DP<<endl;
        system("pause");
        isLevelUp();    // recursively call this function, so the character can level up multiple times if got enough exp
    }
}

bool archer::attack(player &p)
{
    double HPtemp=0;        // opponent's HP decrement
    double EXPtemp=0;        // player obtained exp
    double hit=1;            // attach factor, probably give critical attack
    srand((unsigned)time(NULL));        // generating random seed based on system time

    // If speed greater than opponent, you have some possibility to do double attack
    if ((speed>p.speed) && (rand()%100<(speed-p.speed)))        // rand()%100 means generates a number no greater than 100
    {
        HPtemp=(int)(DP*5/(rand()%4+10));        // opponent's HP decrement calculated based their AP/DP, and uncertain chance
        cout<<name<<"的攻擊傷害了 "<<p.name<<", "<<p.name<<"的 HP 下降 "<<HPtemp<<endl;
        p.HP=int(p.HP-HPtemp);
        EXPtemp=(int)(HPtemp*1.2);
    }

    // If speed smaller than opponent, the opponent has possibility to evade
    if ((speed<p.speed) && (rand()%50<1))
    {
        cout<<name<<"的攻擊被 "<<p.name<<"躲避"<<endl;
        system("pause");
        return 1;
    }

    // 10% chance give critical attack
    if (rand()%100<=10)
    {
        hit=1.5;
        cout<<"關鍵的攻擊: ";
    }

    // Normal attack
    HPtemp=(int)(DP*5/(rand()%4+10));
    cout<<name<<"使用猛擊, "<<p.name<<"的 HP 下降 "<<HPtemp<<endl;
    EXPtemp=(int)(EXPtemp+HPtemp*1.2);
    p.HP=(int)(p.HP-HPtemp);
    cout<<name<<" 獲得 "<<EXPtemp<<" 經驗."<<endl;
    EXP=(int)(EXP+EXPtemp);
    system("pause");
    return 1;        // Attack success
}

bool archer::specialatt(player &p)
{
    if(MP<40)
    {
        cout<<"你沒有足夠的魔法值!"<<endl;
        system("pause");
        return 0;        // Attack failed
    }
    else
    {
        MP-=40;            // consume 40 MP to do special attack

        //10% chance opponent evades
        if(rand()%100<=10)
        {
            cout<<name<<"'s leap attack has been evaded by "<<p.name<<endl;
            system("pause");
            return 1;
        }

        double HPtemp=0;
        double EXPtemp=0;
        //double hit=1;
        //srand(time(NULL));
        HPtemp=(int)(AP*1.2+20);        // not related to opponent's DP
        EXPtemp=(int)(HPtemp*1.5);        // special attack provides more experience
        cout<<name<<" 使用技能, "<<p.name<<"的 HP 下降 "<<HPtemp<<endl;
        cout<<name<<" 獲得 "<<EXPtemp<<" 經驗."<<endl;
        p.HP=(int)(p.HP-HPtemp);
        EXP=(int)(EXP+EXPtemp);
        system("pause");
    }
    return 1;    // special attack succeed
}

// Computer opponent
void archer::AI(player &p)
{
    if ((HP<(int)((1.0*p.AP/DP)*p.AP*1.5))&&(HP+100<=1.1*HPmax)&&(bag.nOfHeal()>0)&&(HP>(int)((1.0*p.AP/DP)*p.AP*0.5)))
        // AI's HP cannot sustain 3 rounds && not too lavish && still has heal && won't be killed in next round
    {
        useHeal();
    }
    else
    {
        if(MP>=40 && HP>0.5*HPmax && rand()%100<=30)
            // AI has enough MP, it has 30% to make special attack
        {
            specialatt(p);
            p.isDead();        // check whether player is dead
        }
        else
        {
            if (MP<40 && HP>0.5*HPmax && bag.nOfMW())
                // Not enough MP && HP is safe && still has magic water
            {
                useMW();
            }
            else
            {
                attack(p);    // normal attack
                p.isDead();
            }
        }
    }
}

//=======================
//        mage.h
//=======================

// Derived from base class player
// For the job mage

#include "player.h"
class mage :public player// 5_?????????        // subclass swordsman publicly inherited from base player
{
public:
    mage(int lv_in=1, string name_in="Not Given");    
        // constructor with default level of 1 and name of "Not given"
    void isLevelUp();
    bool attack (player &p);
    bool specialatt(player &p);
        /* These three are derived from the pure virtual functions of base class
           The definition of them will be given in this subclass. */
    void AI(player &p);                // Computer opponent
};

//=======================
//        mage.cpp
//=======================
#include "mage.h"
#include <iostream>

// constructor. default values don't need to be repeated here
mage::mage(int lv_in, string name_in)
{
    role=sw;    // enumerate type of job
    LV=lv_in;
    name=name_in;
    
    // Initialising the character's properties, based on his level
    HPmax=150+8*(LV-1);        // HP increases 8 point2 per level
    HP=HPmax;
    MPmax=75+2*(LV-1);        // MP increases 2 points per level
    MP=MPmax;
    AP=25+6*(LV-1);            // AP increases 4 points per level
    DP=25+2*(LV-1);            // DP increases 4 points per level
    speed=25+2*(LV-1);        // speed increases 2 points per level
    
    playerdeath=0;
    EXP=(LV-1)*(LV-1)*75;
    bag.set(lv_in, lv_in);
}

void mage::isLevelUp()
{
    if(EXP>=LV*LV*75)
    {
        LV++;
        AP+=4;
        DP+=4;
        HPmax+=8;
        MPmax+=2;
        speed+=2;
        cout<<name<<" Level UP!"<<endl;
        cout<<"HP 增加 8 變成 "<<HPmax<<endl;
        cout<<"MP 增加 2 變成 "<<MPmax<<endl;
        cout<<"Speed 增加 2 變成 "<<speed<<endl;
        cout<<"AP 增加 4 變成 "<<AP<<endl;
        cout<<"DP 增加 5 變成 "<<DP<<endl;
        system("pause");
        isLevelUp();    // recursively call this function, so the character can level up multiple times if got enough exp
    }
}

bool mage::attack(player &p)
{
    double HPtemp=0;        // opponent's HP decrement
    double EXPtemp=0;        // player obtained exp
    double hit=1;            // attach factor, probably give critical attack
    srand((unsigned)time(NULL));        // generating random seed based on system time

    // If speed greater than opponent, you have some possibility to do double attack
    if ((speed>p.speed) && (rand()%100<(speed-p.speed)))        // rand()%100 means generates a number no greater than 100
    {
        HPtemp=(int)(AP*5/(rand()%4+10));        // opponent's HP decrement calculated based their AP/DP, and uncertain chance
        cout<<name<<"的攻擊傷害了 "<<p.name<<", "<<p.name<<"的 HP 下降 "<<HPtemp<<endl;
        p.HP=int(p.HP-HPtemp);
        EXPtemp=(int)(HPtemp*1.2);
    }

    // If speed smaller than opponent, the opponent has possibility to evade
    if ((speed<p.speed) && (rand()%50<1))
    {
        cout<<name<<"的攻擊被 "<<p.name<<"躲避"<<endl;
        system("pause");
        return 1;
    }

    // 10% chance give critical attack
    if (rand()%100<=10)
    {
        hit=1.5;
        cout<<"關鍵的攻擊: ";
    }

    // Normal attack
    HPtemp=(int)(AP*5/(rand()%4+10));
    cout<<name<<"使用猛擊, "<<p.name<<"的 HP 下降 "<<HPtemp<<endl;
    EXPtemp=(int)(EXPtemp+HPtemp*1.2);
    p.HP=(int)(p.HP-HPtemp);
    cout<<name<<" 獲得 "<<EXPtemp<<" 經驗."<<endl;
    EXP=(int)(EXP+EXPtemp);
    system("pause");
    return 1;        // Attack success
}

bool mage::specialatt(player &p)
{
    if(MP<40)
    {
        cout<<"你沒有足夠的魔法值!"<<endl;
        system("pause");
        return 0;        // Attack failed
    }
    else
    {
        MP-=20;            // consume 40 MP to do special attack
        
        //10% chance opponent evades
        if(rand()%100<=10)
        {
            cout<<name<<"'s leap attack has been evaded by "<<p.name<<endl;
            system("pause");
            return 1;
        }
        
        double HPtemp=0;        
        double EXPtemp=0;        
        //double hit=1;            
        //srand(time(NULL));        
        HPtemp=(int)(AP*1.2+20);        // not related to opponent's DP
        EXPtemp=(int)(HPtemp*1.5);        // special attack provides more experience
        cout<<name<<" 使用技能, "<<p.name<<"的 HP 下降 "<<HPtemp<<endl;
        cout<<name<<" 獲得 "<<EXPtemp<<" 經驗."<<endl;
        p.HP=(int)(p.HP-HPtemp);
        EXP=(int)(EXP+EXPtemp);
        system("pause");
    }
    return 1;    // special attack succeed
}

// Computer opponent
void mage::AI(player &p)
{
    if ((HP<(int)((1.0*p.AP/DP)*p.AP*1.5))&&(HP+100<=1.1*HPmax)&&(bag.nOfHeal()>0)&&(HP>(int)((1.0*p.AP/DP)*p.AP*0.5)))
        // AI's HP cannot sustain 3 rounds && not too lavish && still has heal && won't be killed in next round
    {
        useHeal();
    }
    else
    {
        if(MP>=40 && HP>0.5*HPmax && rand()%100<=30)
            // AI has enough MP, it has 30% to make special attack
        {
            specialatt(p);
            p.isDead();        // check whether player is dead
        }
        else
        {
            if (MP<40 && HP>0.5*HPmax && bag.nOfMW())
                // Not enough MP && HP is safe && still has magic water
            {
                useMW();
            }
            else
            {
                attack(p);    // normal attack
                p.isDead();
            }
        }
    }
}