- 首先數據庫備份： mongodump -h IP --port 端口 -u 用戶名 -p 密碼 -d 數據庫 -o 文件存在路徑
mongodump -h 127.0.0.1 -u admin -p xxx -d blog -o '/home/timeless/桌面/mongodump' --authenticationDatabase admin
注意 --authenticationDatabase 參數制定認證數據庫 否則會提示錯誤：
Failed: error connecting to db server: server returned error on SASL authentication step: Authentication failed. //提示認證失敗
也可以指定導出的集合 -collection
- 還原數據庫實例
$ mongorestore -h XXX -u admin -p XXX -d blog /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog --authenticationDatabase admin 2016-09-25T15:09:40.481+0800 building a list of collections to restore from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog dir 2016-09-25T15:09:40.491+0800 reading metadata for blog.post from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog/post.metadata.json 2016-09-25T15:09:40.499+0800 reading metadata for blog.user from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog/user.metadata.json 2016-09-25T15:09:40.510+0800 reading metadata for blog.meta from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog/meta.metadata.json 2016-09-25T15:09:40.555+0800 restoring blog.meta from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog/meta.bson 2016-09-25T15:09:40.568+0800 restoring indexes for collection blog.meta from metadata 2016-09-25T15:09:40.602+0800 restoring blog.post from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog/post.bson 2016-09-25T15:09:40.635+0800 restoring blog.user from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog/user.bson 2016-09-25T15:09:40.637+0800 finished restoring blog.meta (3 documents) 2016-09-25T15:09:40.637+0800 restoring indexes for collection blog.post from metadata 2016-09-25T15:09:40.645+0800 reading metadata for blog.page from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog/page.metadata.json 2016-09-25T15:09:40.646+0800 reading metadata for blog.content from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog/content.metadata.json 2016-09-25T15:09:40.646+0800 finished restoring blog.post (1 document) 2016-09-25T15:09:40.646+0800 reading metadata for blog.option from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog/option.metadata.json 2016-09-25T15:09:40.646+0800 restoring indexes for collection blog.user from metadata 2016-09-25T15:09:40.679+0800 finished restoring blog.user (2 documents) 2016-09-25T15:09:40.680+0800 reading metadata for blog.counters from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog/counters.metadata.json 2016-09-25T15:09:40.680+0800 restoring blog.page from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog/page.bson 2016-09-25T15:09:40.707+0800 restoring blog.option from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog/option.bson 2016-09-25T15:09:40.741+0800 restoring blog.content from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog/content.bson 2016-09-25T15:09:40.785+0800 restoring blog.counters from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog/counters.bson 2016-09-25T15:09:40.836+0800 restoring indexes for collection blog.option from metadata 2016-09-25T15:09:40.837+0800 restoring indexes for collection blog.page from metadata 2016-09-25T15:09:40.838+0800 restoring indexes for collection blog.content from metadata 2016-09-25T15:09:40.847+0800 finished restoring blog.page (1 document) 2016-09-25T15:09:40.847+0800 reading metadata for blog.system.users from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog/system.users.metadata.json 2016-09-25T15:09:40.847+0800 finished restoring blog.content (1 document) 2016-09-25T15:09:40.848+0800 reading metadata for blog.webinfo from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog/webinfo.metadata.json 2016-09-25T15:09:40.848+0800 restoring indexes for collection blog.counters from metadata 2016-09-25T15:09:40.848+0800 finished restoring blog.option (1 document) 2016-09-25T15:09:40.884+0800 restoring blog.webinfo from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog/webinfo.bson 2016-09-25T15:09:40.884+0800 restoring indexes for collection blog.webinfo from metadata 2016-09-25T15:09:40.916+0800 finished restoring blog.counters (4 documents) 2016-09-25T15:09:40.916+0800 restoring blog.system.users from /home/timeless/桌面/mongodump/blog/system.users.bson 2016-09-25T15:09:40.916+0800 finished restoring blog.webinfo (0 documents) 2016-09-25T15:09:40.917+0800 restoring indexes for collection blog.system.users from metadata 2016-09-25T15:09:40.928+0800 finished restoring blog.system.users (0 documents) 2016-09-25T15:09:40.928+0800 done
該也可以指定要恢復的集合 -collection
注意的地方
- mongoimport 執行導入前，新數據庫中沒有 XX 表一樣可以導入成功；
- mongoexport 和 mongoimport 所需的各個參數輸入的先后順序不嚴格；
- 對於副本集，mongoexport 的數據導出可以是副本集中的 primary 節點，也可以是 secondary 節點；
- 對於副本集，mongoimport 的數據導入必須是 primary 節點；
- 對於大數據量的導出，用 mongoexport 操作完全不會有生產問題；
- 對於大數據量的導入(超過 500 MB)，用 mongoimport 操作的話會很容易將 primary 節點拖垮，因為這會導致全量同步導致主節點崩潰，所以要避免生產環境中大數據量的導入。正確的做法是先建立單點，導入，之后再建立副本集。