linux下rpm包安裝、配置和卸載mysql

　WIN10下虛擬機：VMware workstation 12 PRO

　安裝

# 1.查看系統版本

[root@vm-xiluhua][/home/xiluhua]$ cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core) 

# 2.到mysql官網下CentOS 7對應的版本，

2.1.選擇社區版（紅框）

 2.2.點擊DOWNLOAD（紅框）

 

 2.3.選擇Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux（紅框）

　　

　　2.4.選擇CentOS 7、64位的，也就是第一個rpm安裝包版本（紅框）

 

# 3.將下載的安裝包放到上傳到/usr/local/mysql文件夾下（自己新建准備），解壓縮

[root@vm-xiluhua][/usr/local/mysql]$ tar -xvf mysql-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 

# 3.1.目錄結構如下，實際用到的安裝包僅為紅色部分

[root@vm-xiluhua][/usr/local/mysql]$ ll
總用量 1113204
　-rw-rw-r--. 1 xiluhua xiluhua 569958400 2016/09/15 12:12:42 mysql-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
　-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 25015464 2016/08/26 14:39:32 mysql-community-client-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
　-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 277608 2016/08/26 14:39:39 mysql-community-common-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
　-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 3768080 2016/08/26 14:39:42 mysql-community-devel-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
　-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 45342396 2016/08/26 14:39:53 mysql-community-embedded-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
　-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 23925580 2016/08/26 14:40:04 mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
　-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 125558080 2016/08/26 14:40:35 mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
　-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 2234936 2016/08/26 14:41:01 mysql-community-libs-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
　-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 2112740 2016/08/26 14:41:03 mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
　-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 51539732 2016/08/26 14:41:09 mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
　-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 159297016 2016/08/26 14:41:45 mysql-community-server-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
　-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 14022528 2016/08/26 14:42:11 mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
　-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 116851524 2016/08/26 14:42:36 mysql-community-test-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

# 4.安裝（需要使用root賬戶操作，不然沒有權限）
　4.1.注意事項：必須依次安裝，因為他們之間存在依賴鏈
　4.2.注意事項：嘗試使用rpm工具的--prefix或--relocate指定安裝目錄，系統反饋不允許

[root@vm-xiluhua][/usr/local/mysql]$ rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-common-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 頭V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密鑰 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准備中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升級/安裝...
   1:mysql-community-common-5.7.15-1.e################################# [100%]
 
[root@vm-xiluhua][/usr/local/mysql]$ rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-libs-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 頭V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密鑰 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准備中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升級/安裝...
   1:mysql-community-libs-5.7.15-1.el7################################# [100%]
 
[root@vm-xiluhua][/usr/local/mysql]$ rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-server-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 頭V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密鑰 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
錯誤：依賴檢測失敗：
        mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64 需要
 
[root@vm-xiluhua][/usr/local/mysql]$ rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-client-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 頭V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密鑰 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准備中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升級/安裝...
   1:mysql-community-client-5.7.15-1.e################################# [100%]
 
[root@vm-xiluhua][/usr/local/mysql]$ rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-server-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 頭V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密鑰 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准備中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升級/安裝...
   1:mysql-community-server-5.7.15-1.e################################# [100%]
 

# 5.經過以上步驟，安裝基本完成，但還需要配置mysql的初始化文件/etc/my.cnf

[root@vm-xiluhua][/usr/local/mysql]$ cd /etc/
[root@vm-xiluhua][/etc]$ less my.cnf

# 6.在my.cnf的[mysqld]代碼下方添加skip-grant-tables

[root@vm-xiluhua][/etc]$ vi my.cnf
　# For advice on how to change settings please see
　# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

　[mysqld]
　skip-grant-tables

# 7.啟動mysql

[root@vm-xiluhua][/etc]$ service mysqld start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start  mysqld.service

# 8.驗證mysql是否啟動

[root@vm-xiluhua][/etc]$ netstat -apln | grep mysql
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      3625/mysqld         
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     92437    3625/mysqld          /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# 9.首次登錄（第6步[mysqld]代碼下方添加skip-grant-tables，目的是為了首次登錄時不用輸入密碼） 

[root@vm-xiluhua][/etc]$ mysql
　Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
　Your MySQL connection id is 2
　Server version: 5.7.15 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

　Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

　Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
　affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
　owners.

　Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

　mysql>

# 10.顯示以上，恭喜！安裝完成

這時，在windows下使用Navicat以root賬戶連接mysql可以密碼為空。
如telnet 3306端口不通，連接不上mysql，請關閉linux服務器防火牆。

# 11.安裝后續工作，設置root密碼

mysql> update user set authentication_string = password('111111'),host='%' where user = 'root';
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 1

# 這一步不能省，不然重啟也不起效果，會提示：ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement...
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> exit;
Bye
 
[root@vm-xiluhua][/usr/local/mysql]$ service mysqld restart;
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart  mysqld.service

[root@vm-xiluhua][/usr/local/mysql]$ mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.15 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
mysql> 
這時，在windows下使用Navicat以root賬戶連接mysql需要使用密碼“111111”。

至此，完成rpm包安裝mysql

卸載
# 1.關閉MySQL服務

[root@vm-xiluhua][/etc]$ service mysqld stop
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl stop  mysqld.service

# 2.卸載MySQL軟件包

# 2.1.查詢系統下的所有mysql軟件包
[root@vm-xiluhua][/etc]$ rpm -aq | grep mysql
mysql-community-server-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64

# 2.2.卸載系統下的所有mysql軟件包
[root@vm-xiluhua][/etc]$ rpm -ev mysql-community-server-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64

軟件包准備中... mysql-community-server-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64 警告：/etc/my.cnf 已另存為 /etc/my.cnf.rpmsave [root@vm-xiluhua][/etc]$ rpm -ev mysql-community-client-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64 軟件包准備中... mysql-community-client-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64 

# 忽略依賴 --nodeps [root@vm-xiluhua][/etc]$ rpm -ev mysql-community-libs-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps 軟件包准備中... mysql-community-libs-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64 [root@vm-xiluhua][/etc]$ rpm -ev mysql-community-common-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64 軟件包准備中... mysql-community-common-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64

# 3.刪除MySQL安裝文件夾

# 再次查看剩下有哪些文件夾
[root@vm-xiluhua][/etc]$ find / -name "mysql"
/var/lib/mysql
/var/lib/mysql/mysql
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/clufter/filters/cluster/rm/mysql
/usr/lib/ocf/resource.d/heartbeat/mysql
/usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl/auto/DBD/mysql
/usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl/DBD/mysql
/usr/share/resource-agents/ocft/configs/mysql
/usr/share/mysql
/usr/local/mysql
 
# 刪除
[root@vm-xiluhua][/etc]$ rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
# 刪除
[root@vm-xiluhua][/etc]$ rm -rf /usr/share/mysql;

# 再次查看還剩下有哪些
[root@vm-xiluhua][/etc]$ find / -name "mysql"
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/clufter/filters/cluster/rm/mysql　　# 非直屬包下的，就留着
/usr/lib/ocf/resource.d/heartbeat/mysql　　　　　　 # 非直屬包下的，就留着
/usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl/auto/DBD/mysql　　　　# 非直屬包下的，就留着
/usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl/DBD/mysql　　　　　　  # 非直屬包下的，就留着
/usr/share/resource-agents/ocft/configs/mysql　　  # 非直屬包下的，就留着
/usr/local/mysql　　#也可以刪除，因為這本還有進一步測試，所以留着

至此，卸載完成