有個接口是通過socket通信,對端服務器訪問存在IP限制,只好通過跳板機,因為它具備訪問對端服務器的權限。nginx1.9開始支持tcp層的轉發,通過stream實現的,而socket也是基於tcp通信。
一.實現過程:
1.安裝nginx,stream模塊默認不安裝的,需要手動添加參數:–with-stream,官方下載地址:download,根據自己系統版本選擇nginx1.9或以上版本。
2.nginx.conf 配置,參考說明:ngx_stream_core_module
nginx.conf
user nginx; worker_processes 1; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { ................. } # tcp層轉發的配置文件夾 include /etc/nginx/tcp.d/*.conf;
請注意,stream配置不能放到http內,即不能放到/etc/nginx/conf.d/,因為stream是通過tcp層轉發,而不是http轉發。
如配置在http內,啟動nginx會報如下錯誤:
nginx: [emerg] "server" directive is not allowed here
3.在tcp.d下新建個bss_num_30001.conf文件,內容如下:
stream { # 添加socket轉發的代理 upstream bss_num_socket { hash $remote_addr consistent; # 轉發的目的地址和端口 server 130.51.11.33:19001 weight=5 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; } # 提供轉發的服務,即訪問localhost:30001,會跳轉至代理bss_num_socket指定的轉發地址 server { listen 30001; proxy_connect_timeout 1s; proxy_timeout 3s; proxy_pass bss_num_socket; } }
4.重啟nginx,訪問localhost:30001,會跳轉到bss_num_socket指定的轉發地址130.51.11.33:19001。
二.報錯處理:
1.nginx: [emerg] unknown directive "stream "
nginx沒有安裝stream模塊,configure時添加–with-stream
2./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library
需要安裝pcre,直接下載源碼安裝,PCRE下載
3.configure: error: You need a C++ compiler for C++ support
安裝pcre時報錯,缺少c++編譯器,
redhat 運行命令
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++
ubuntu
sudo apt-get install build-essential
4.
Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test
yum安裝C++時一直卡在這里,本機之前掛載了nfs,但是nfs服務器掛掉,所以一直卡着,把nfs注釋掉即可
#vim /etc/mtab
5.nginx error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1:
nginx加載pcre時報錯了
[root@localhost sbin]# ldd $(which /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx) linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007ffd6ce6a000) libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00000033d9a00000) libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00000033da200000) libcrypt.so.1 => /lib64/libcrypt.so.1 (0x00000033e5600000) libpcre.so.1 => not found libz.so.1 => /lib64/libz.so.1 (0x00000033dae00000) libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00000033d9e00000) /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00000033d9600000) libfreebl3.so => /lib64/libfreebl3.so (0x00000033e5a00000) [root@localhost sbin]#
可知libpcre.so.1 => not found;
系統安裝的pcre的lib一般在/lib或者lib64,源碼編譯安裝的在/usr/local/lib或者/usr/local/lib64
建個軟連接即可,因為本機是linux 64位,所以nginx讀取的是/lib64下面的pcre的lib包,運行一下命令
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.1 /lib64/
6./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
缺少zlib擴展
Ubuntu運行
sudo apt-get insatll zlib1g-dev
redhat 運行
yum install -y zlib-devel
7.啟動nginx服務提示98: Address already in use
重啟nginx服務提示錯誤如下:
Starting nginx: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use) nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use) nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use) nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use) nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use) nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()
問題描述:地址已被使用。可能nginx服務卡死了,導致端口占用,出現此錯誤。
解決方法:首先用lsof -i :80看下80端口被什么程序占用。lsof返回結果如下:
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME nginx 3274 root 6u IPv4 10664 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) nginx 3547 nginx 6u IPv4 10664 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
發現是nginx程序,所以我們把nginx服務k掉,重新啟動服務。命令如下:
kill -9 3274 kill -9 3547 service nginx start Starting nginx: [ OK ]
OK了,服務成功啟動。
參考文章:http://www.luckybird.me/nginx%E8%BD%AC%E5%8F%91socket.html