
原文鏈接:http://www.cnblogs.com/LY-leo/p/5765598.html
對於 :before 和 :after 選擇器,大家並不陌生,但是很少有人會主動去用它們。先解釋下它們的定義和用法:
:before 選擇器在被選元素的內容前面插入內容,:after 選擇器在被選元素的內容后面插入內容,都會使用 content 屬性來指定要插入的內容。
有時候,項目中或多或少需要一些箭頭,如果用圖片來做,感覺就有點 low 了,而上面這兩個選擇器是最好的選擇。效果如下:

html 代碼如下:
<div class="test"></div>
css 代碼如下:
.test {
position: relative;
width: 120px;
height: 40px;
border: 1px solid #d2d2d2;
border-radius: 3px;
}
.test:after {
position: absolute;
right: 15px;
top: 18px;
width: 0;
height: 0;
content: "";
border-width: 6px 6px 0 6px; /*border-width: 6px 6px 6px 6px;*/
border-style: solid;
border-color: #fff transparent; /*red transparent transparent transparent;*/
-webkit-transition: all .25s;
-moz-transition: all .25s;
-ms-transition: all .25s;
-o-transition: all .25s;
transition: all .25s;
}
.test:before {
position: absolute;
right: 13px;
top: 18px;
width: 0;
height: 0;
content: "";
border-width: 8px 8px 0 8px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: #d36969 transparent;
-webkit-transition: transform .25s;
-moz-transition: transform .25s;
-ms-transition: transform .25s;
-o-transition: transform .25s;
transition: transform .25s;
}
.test.active:after{
top: 20px;
-webkit-transform: rotate(180deg);
-moz-transform: rotate(180deg);
-ms-transform: rotate(180deg);
-o-transform: rotate(180deg);
transform: rotate(180deg);
}
.test.active:before{
-webkit-transform: rotate(180deg);
-moz-transform: rotate(180deg);
-ms-transform: rotate(180deg);
-o-transform: rotate(180deg);
transform: rotate(180deg);
}
通過 :before 和 :after 兩個偽元素,設置 content 為空,寬高為零,邊框和顏色,生成兩個等邊三角形,一個是紅色的三角,其邊長稍大,一個是白色的三角。會有人問為什么白色三角是通過 :after 生成的,因為 :after 生成的白色三角才能覆蓋在 :before 生成的紅色三角,而形成一個箭頭(一定要設置好定位的 top 值,使兩個三角的底邊重合)。
js 代碼如下:
$('.test').on('click',function(){
$(this).toggleClass('active');
})
點擊的時候箭頭會旋轉180度,效果如下:

分析:
加z-index: 10前后:


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
.test {
position: relative;
width: 120px;
height: 40px;
border: 1px solid red;
border-radius: 3px;
}
.test:after {
position: absolute;
right: 15px;
top: 18px;
width: 0;
height: 0;
content: "";
border-width: 6px 6px 6px 6px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: red transparent transparent transparent;
transition: all .25s;
}
.test:before {
position: absolute;
right: 13px;
top: 18px;
width: 0;
height: 0;
content: "";
border-width: 8px 8px 8px 8px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: green transparent;
transition: transform .25s;
/*z-index: 10;*/
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="test">aaaaaa</div>
</body>
</html>
修改1:
.test:before {
position: absolute;
right: 13px;
top: 18px;
width: 0;
height: 0;
content: "";
border-width: 8px 8px 8px 8px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: green transparent transparent transparent;
transition: transform .25s;
/*z-index: 10;*/
}
修改后的樣式:
.test:after {
position: absolute;
right: 15px;
top: 18px;
width: 0;
height: 0;
content: "";
border-width: 6px 6px 6px 6px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: white transparent transparent transparent;
transition: all .25s;
}
.test:before {
position: absolute;
right: 13px;
top: 18px;
width: 0;
height: 0;
content: "";
border-width: 8px 8px 8px 8px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: green transparent transparent transparent;
transition: transform .25s;
/*z-index: 10;*/
}
制作美化select 插件:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
ul li {
list-style: none;
}
.test {
position: relative;
float: left;
width: 120px;
height: 40px;
padding-left: 11px;
font-size: 15px;
line-height: 40px;
cursor: pointer;
border: 1px solid red;
border-radius: 3px;
margin: 0px 20px;
outline: none;
}
.test:before {
position: absolute;
right: 13px;
top: 18px;
width: 0;
height: 0;
content: "";
border-width: 8px 8px 0 8px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: red transparent;
-webkit-transition: transform .25s;
-moz-transition: transform .25s;
-ms-transition: transform .25s;
-o-transition: transform .25s;
transition: transform .25s;
}
.test:after {
position: absolute;
right: 15px;
top: 18px;
width: 0;
height: 0;
content: "";
border-width: 6px 6px 0 6px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: #fff transparent;
-webkit-transition: all .25s;
-moz-transition: all .25s;
-ms-transition: all .25s;
-o-transition: all .25s;
transition: all .25s;
}
.test.active:before {
-webkit-transform: rotate(180deg);
-moz-transform: rotate(180deg);
-ms-transform: rotate(180deg);
-o-transform: rotate(180deg);
transform: rotate(180deg);
}
.test.active:after {
top: 20px;
-webkit-transform: rotate(180deg);
-moz-transform: rotate(180deg);
-ms-transform: rotate(180deg);
-o-transform: rotate(180deg);
transform: rotate(180deg);
}
.test .dropdown {
position: absolute;
right: 0;
left: 0;
display: none;
padding: 0;
border-radius: inherit;
border: 1px solid #d2d2d2;
box-shadow: 2px 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, .4);
}
.test.active .dropdown {
display: block;
}
.test .dropdown:before {
position: absolute;
right: 13px;
bottom: 100%;
width: 0;
height: 0;
content: "";
border-width: 0 8px 8px 8px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: #d2d2d2 transparent;
}
.test .dropdown:after {
position: absolute;
right: 15px;
bottom: 100%;
width: 0;
height: 0;
content: "";
border-width: 0 6px 6px 6px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: #fff transparent;
}
.test .dropdown li {
float: left;
width: 129px;
font-size: 14px;
-webkit-transition: all .3s ease-out;
-moz-transition: all .3s ease-out;
-ms-transition: all .3s ease-out;
-o-transition: all .3s ease-out;
transition: all .3s ease-out;
text-align: center;
}
.test .dropdown li:first-of-type {
border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;
}
.test .dropdown li:last-of-type {
border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px;
}
.test .dropdown li:hover {
color: #fff;
background: red;
}
</style>
<script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/2.0.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
function DropDown(el) {
this.dd = el;
this.span = this.dd.children('span');
this.li = this.dd.find('ul.dropdown li');
this.val = '';
}
DropDown.prototype.initEvents = function() {
var obj = this;
obj.dd.on('click', function(event) {
$(this).toggleClass('active').siblings().removeClass('active');
event.stopPropagation();
});
obj.li.on('click', function() {
var opt = $(this);
obj.val = opt.html();
if(obj.span.html() == obj.val) return;
obj.span.html(obj.val);
$(document).click(function() {
$('.test').removeClass('active');
});
})
}
var test1 = new DropDown($('#type'));
var test2 = new DropDown($('#kind'));
test1.initEvents();
test2.initEvents();
})
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="type" class="test">
<span>投資種類</span>
<ul class="dropdown">
<li>期貨</li>
<li>股票</li>
<li>期權</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="kind" class="test">
<span>投資類型</span>
<ul class="dropdown">
<li>趨勢</li>
<li>震盪</li>
<li>套利</li>
<li>選股</li>
<li>擇時</li>
</ul>
</div>
</body>
</html>

