終端實現大文件上傳一直都是比較難的技術,其中涉及到后端與前端的交互,穩定性和流量大小,而且實現原理每個人都有自己的想法,后端主流用的比較多的是Http來實現,因為大多實現過斷點下載。但穩定性不能保證,一旦斷開,無法續傳。所以得采用另一種流行的做法,TCP上傳大文件。
網上查找了一些資料,大多數是斷點下載,然后就是單獨的C#端的上傳接收,或是HTTP的,或是只有android端的,由於任務緊所以之前找的首選方案當然是Http先來實現文件上傳,終端采用Post方法,將文件直接傳至后端,后端通過File來獲得。
android端:
RequestParams params = new RequestParams(); File file = getTempFile();//獲得本地文件 try { params.put("file", file); } catch (FileNotFoundException e1) { e1.printStackTrace(); } AsyncHttpUtil.post(URL + "/UpLoad", params, new JsonHttpResponseHandler() { ……
后端:
var file = Request.Files["file"]; file.SaveAs(upFileName);
還有其它更好的處理方法,也可以傳流進來,不通過file文件格式。 在網絡好的情況下沒什么問題,但網絡差點后來經常上傳一半掉線或多個客戶端上傳出現連不上的情況,對於大文件極不穩定,所以趕緊研發TCP協議文件斷點上傳。
也有網友實現了Http斷點上傳,既然大文件不行,那就將文件分割成小文件來上傳,純NET的主要方法:
上傳:
bool result = true; long cruuent = 0; FileStream fStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); BinaryReader bReader = new BinaryReader(fStream); //模擬斷點上傳,第一次只上傳 100 個字節 long length = 100; fileName = fileName.Substring(fileName.LastIndexOf('\\') + 1); #region 開始上傳文件 try { byte[] data; #region 分割文件上傳 for (; cruuent <= length; cruuent = cruuent + byteCount) { if (cruuent + byteCount > length) { data = new byte[Convert.ToInt64((length - cruuent))]; bReader.Read(data, 0, Convert.ToInt32((length - cruuent))); } else { data = new byte[byteCount]; bReader.Read(data, 0, byteCount); } try { Hashtable parms = new Hashtable(); parms.Add("fileName", fileName); parms.Add("npos", cruuent.ToString()); byte[] byRemoteInfo = PostData(serverPath + "UpLoadServer.aspx", data, parms); } catch (Exception ex) { msg = ex.ToString(); result = false; break; } #endregion } } catch (Exception ex) { msg = ex.ToString(); result = false; } finally { bReader.Close(); fStream.Close(); } GC.Collect();
先將文件分割成小流,npos為斷點的位置,即已經上傳了的大小,然后循環上傳所有包。
后台接收:
/// <summary> /// 保存文件(從URL參數中獲取文件名、當前指針,將文件流保存到當前指針后) /// 如果是第一次上傳,則當前指針為0,代碼執行與續傳一樣,只不過指針沒有偏移 /// </summary> public void SaveUpLoadFile() { string fileName = Request.Params["fileName"]; long npos = Convert.ToInt64(Request.Params["npos"]); int upLoadLength = Convert.ToInt32(Request.InputStream.Length); string path = Server.MapPath("/UpLoadServer"); fileName = path + "//UpLoad//" + fileName; FileStream fStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite); //偏移指針 fStream.Seek(npos, SeekOrigin.Begin); //從客戶端的請求中獲取文件流 BinaryReader bReader = new BinaryReader(Request.InputStream); try { byte[] data = new byte[upLoadLength]; bReader.Read(data, 0, upLoadLength); fStream.Write(data, 0, upLoadLength); } catch { //TODO 添加異常處理 } finally { //釋放流 fStream.Close(); bReader.Close(); } }
重點在 fStream.Seek(npos, SeekOrigin.Begin); 從斷點位置接收保存。
有興趣的可以自己實現。
現在主要講講客戶端TCP上傳,后台TCP接收,主要思路為:android端讀取本地文件將文件名,文件大小上傳至服務器(文件名必須是全局唯一),服務器將根據文件名查詢是否上傳過,若是上傳過,將已傳文件的大小即斷點位置傳給終端,終端接收后先保存斷點位置,然后從斷點位置讀取文件斷續上傳,直到全部完成。若沒上傳過則服務器創建緩存文件接收。
看看代碼Android:
String head = "Length=" + uploadFile.length() + ";filename=" + filename Socket socket = new Socket("192.168.0.123", 7080); OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream(); outStream.write(head.getBytes());//發送 PushbackInputStream inStream = new PushbackInputStream(socket.getInputStream()); String response = StreamTool.readLine(inStream);//讀取 String[] items = response.split(";"); final String position = items[0].substring(items[0].indexOf("=") + 1);//斷點位置 final String serviceurl = items[1].substring(items[1].indexOf("=") + 1);//保存到服務器路徑 RandomAccessFile fileOutStream = new RandomAccessFile(uploadFile, "r"); fileOutStream.seek(Integer.valueOf(position));//從斷點位置開始讀取文件 byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len = -1; int length = Integer.valueOf(position);//已經上傳的大小,用於本地顯示 while ( (len = fileOutStream.read(buffer)) != -1) { outStream.write(buffer, 0, len); length += len; Message msg = new Message(); msg.getData().putInt("size", length); // 更新上傳的進度 handler.sendMessage(msg); }
if (length == uploadFile.length()) {
//如果相等,則說明上傳成功
}
fileOutStream.close(); outStream.close(); inStream.close(); socket.close();
后端處理:
private static TcpListener listener;//服務器監聽 IPAddress ipHost = IPAddress.Any; listener = new TcpListener(ipHost, 7080); listener.Start();//開啟監聽 Socket remoteSocketClient = listener.AcceptSocket(); device = new Device(remoteSocketClient); //開啟一個線程去處理 threaddev = new Thread(new ThreadStart(device.Scan)); device.curentThread = threaddev; threaddev.IsBackground = true; threaddev.Start();
Scan處理方法:
string[] items = strGetContent.Split(';'); string filelength = items[0].Substring(items[0].IndexOf("=") + 1); string filename = items[1].Substring(items[1].IndexOf("=") + 1); //文件保存完整路徑 filePath = Path.Combine(directoryPath, filename); //斷點位置 long position = 0; if (File.Exists(filePath)) { using (FileStream reader = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.None)) { position = reader.Length; } } //返回消息 response = "position=" + position + ";serviceurl=" + dirPath + "/" + filename) ; //服務器收到客戶端的請求信息后,給客戶端返回響應信息:;position=0 //serviceurl 服務生保存的文件位置 /PlayFiles/video/2016/07/04/1141142221.mp4 bufferSend = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(response); remoteSocketClient.Send(bufferSend);
然后處理續傳內容:
//獲得文件內容 byte[] buffer = new byte[BufferSize]; int received = 0; long receive, length = long.Parse(filelength); FileInfo file = new FileInfo(filePath); using (FileStream writer = file.Open(file.Exists ? FileMode.Append : FileMode.CreateNew, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None)) { receive = writer.Length; while (receive < length) { if ((received = remoteSocketClient.Receive(buffer)) == 0) { Program.MessageAdd(" IP【" + remoteSocketClient.RemoteEndPoint.ToString() + "】接收暫停!"); break; } writer.Write(buffer, 0, received); writer.Flush(); receive += (long)received; } } if (receive == length) { Program.MessageAdd(" IP【" + remoteSocketClient.RemoteEndPoint.ToString() + "】接收" + filename + "完成!"); }
主要原理還是從斷點位置上傳和接收。
這里只是講了最主要的代碼功能,還有很多細節處理,比如終端要顯示進度,所以還要保存進度,后端文件的保存會不會錯位,還有多文件上傳會不會亂,多客戶端上傳是創建新線程還是有線程池來處理等等 。