[db] sequelize


#

var User = sequelize.define(
    // 默認表名(一般這里寫單數),生成時會自動轉換成復數形式
    // 這個值還會作為訪問模型相關的模型時的屬性名,所以建議用小寫形式
    'user',
    // 字段定義(主鍵、created_at、updated_at默認包含,不用特殊定義)
    {
        'emp_id': {
            'type': Sequelize.CHAR(10), // 字段類型
            'allowNull': false,         // 是否允許為NULL
            'unique': true              // 字段是否UNIQUE
        },
        'nick': {
            'type': Sequelize.CHAR(10),
            'allowNull': false
        },
        'department': {
            'type': Sequelize.STRING(64),
            'allowNull': true
        }
    }
);

var User = sequelize.define(
    'user',
    {
        'emp_id': {
            'type': Sequelize.CHAR(10), // 字段類型
            'allowNull': false,         // 是否允許為NULL
            'unique': true              // 字段是否UNIQUE
        },
        'nick': {
            'type': Sequelize.CHAR(10),
            'allowNull': false
        },
        'department': {
            'type': Sequelize.STRING(64),
            'allowNull': true
        }
    },
    {
        // 自定義表名
        'freezeTableName': true,
        'tableName': 'xyz_users',

        // 是否需要增加createdAt、updatedAt、deletedAt字段
        'timestamps': true,

        // 不需要createdAt字段
        'createdAt': false,

        // 將updatedAt字段改個名
        'updatedAt': 'utime'

        // 將deletedAt字段改名
        // 同時需要設置paranoid為true(此種模式下,刪除數據時不會進行物理刪除,而是設置deletedAt為當前時間
        'deletedAt': 'dtime',
        'paranoid': true
    }
);

SQL:

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `users` (
    `id` INTEGER NOT NULL auto_increment ,
    `emp_id` CHAR(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
    `nick` CHAR(10) NOT NULL,
    `department` VARCHAR(64),
    `created_at` DATETIME NOT NULL,
    `updated_at` DATETIME NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

建表SQL會自動執行的意思是主動調用sync的時候。
類似這樣:User.sync({force: true});(加force:true,會先刪掉表后再建表)。
也可以先定義好表結構,再來定義Sequelize模型,這時可以不用sync。
兩者在定義階段沒有什么關系,直到我們真正開始操作模型時,才會觸及到表的操作,
但是我們當然還是要盡量保證模型和表的同步(可以借助一些migration工具)。
自動建表功能有風險,使用需謹慎。

獲取“干凈”的JSON對象可以調用get({'plain': true})。




Sequelize:

// 方法1:build后對象只存在於內存中,調用save后才操作db
var user = User.build({
    'emp_id': '1',
    'nick': '小紅',
    'department': '技術部'
});
user = yield user.save();
console.log(user.get({'plain': true}));

// 方法2:直接操作db
var user = yield User.create({
    'emp_id': '2',
    'nick': '小明',
    'department': '技術部'
});
console.log(user.get({'plain': true}));

SQL:

INSERT INTO `users`
(`id`, `emp_id`, `nick`, `department`, `updated_at`, `created_at`)
VALUES
(DEFAULT, '1', '小紅', '技術部', '2015-11-02 14:49:54', '2015-11-02 14:49:54');




Sequelize:

// 方法1:操作對象屬性(不會操作db),調用save后操作db
user.nick = '小白';
user = yield user.save();
console.log(user.get({'plain': true}));

// 方法2:直接update操作db
user = yield user.update({
    'nick': '小白白'
});
console.log(user.get({'plain': true}));

SQL:

UPDATE `users`
SET `nick` = '小白白', `updated_at` = '2015-11-02 15:00:04'
WHERE `id` = 1;


限制更新屬性的白名單

// 方法1
user.emp_id = '33';
user.nick = '小白';
user = yield user.save({'fields': ['nick']});

// 方法2
user = yield user.update(
    {'emp_id': '33', 'nick': '小白'},
    {'fields': ['nick']}
});




Sequelize:

yield user.destroy();

SQL:

DELETE FROM `users` WHERE `id` = 1;

查全部

Sequelize:

var users = yield User.findAll();
console.log(users);

SQL:

SELECT `id`, `emp_id`, `nick`, `department`, `created_at`, `updated_at` FROM `users`;

限制字段

Sequelize:

var users = yield User.findAll({
    'attributes': ['emp_id', 'nick']
});
console.log(users);

SQL:

SELECT `emp_id`, `nick` FROM `users`;

字段重命名

Sequelize:

var users = yield User.findAll({
    'attributes': [
        'emp_id', ['nick', 'user_nick']
    ]
});
console.log(users);

SQL:

SELECT `emp_id`, `nick` AS `user_nick` FROM `users`;


where子句

基本條件

Sequelize:

var users = yield User.findAll({
    'where': {
        'id': [1, 2, 3],
        'nick': 'a',
        'department': null
    }
});
console.log(users);

SQL:

SELECT `id`, `emp_id`, `nick`, `department`, `created_at`, `updated_at`
FROM `users` AS `user`
WHERE
    `user`.`id` IN (1, 2, 3) AND
    `user`.`nick`='a' AND
    `user`.`department` IS NULL;
    
操作符

操作符是對某個字段的進一步約束,可以有多個(對同一個字段的多個操作符會被轉化為AND)。

Sequelize:

var users = yield User.findAll({
    'where': {
        'id': {
            '$eq': 1,                // id = 1
            '$ne': 2,                // id != 2

            '$gt': 6,                // id > 6
            '$gte': 6,               // id >= 6

            '$lt': 10,               // id < 10
            '$lte': 10,              // id <= 10

            '$between': [6, 10],     // id BETWEEN 6 AND 10
            '$notBetween': [11, 15], // id NOT BETWEEN 11 AND 15

            '$in': [1, 2],           // id IN (1, 2)
            '$notIn': [3, 4]         // id NOT IN (3, 4)
        },
        'nick': {
            '$like': '%a%',          // nick LIKE '%a%'
            '$notLike': '%a'         // nick NOT LIKE '%a'
        },
        'updated_at': {
            '$eq': null,             // updated_at IS NULL
            '$ne': null              // created_at IS NOT NULL
        }
    }
});

SQL:

SELECT `id`, `emp_id`, `nick`, `department`, `created_at`, `updated_at`
FROM `users` AS `user`
WHERE
(
    `user`.`id` = 1 AND
    `user`.`id` != 2 AND
    `user`.`id` > 6 AND
    `user`.`id` >= 6 AND
    `user`.`id` < 10 AND
    `user`.`id` <= 10 AND
    `user`.`id` BETWEEN 6 AND 10 AND
    `user`.`id` NOT BETWEEN 11 AND 15 AND
    `user`.`id` IN (1, 2) AND
    `user`.`id` NOT IN (3, 4)
)
AND
(
    `user`.`nick` LIKE '%a%' AND
    `user`.`nick` NOT LIKE '%a'
)
AND
(
    `user`.`updated_at` IS NULL AND
    `user`.`updated_at` IS NOT NULL
);

條件

上面說的條件查詢,都是AND查詢,Sequelize同時也支持OR、NOT、甚至多種條件的聯合查詢。

AND條件

Sequelize:

var users = yield User.findAll({
    'where': {
        '$and': [
            {'id': [1, 2]},
            {'nick': null}
        ]
    }
});

SQL:

SELECT `id`, `emp_id`, `nick`, `department`, `created_at`, `updated_at`
FROM `users` AS `user`
WHERE
(
    `user`.`id` IN (1, 2) AND
    `user`.`nick` IS NULL
);    

OR條件

Sequelize:

var users = yield User.findAll({
    'where': {
        '$or': [
            {'id': [1, 2]},
            {'nick': null}
        ]
    }
});

SQL:

SELECT `id`, `emp_id`, `nick`, `department`, `created_at`, `updated_at`
FROM `users` AS `user`
WHERE
(
    `user`.`id` IN (1, 2) OR
    `user`.`nick` IS NULL
);

NOT條件

Sequelize:

var users = yield User.findAll({
    'where': {
        '$not': [
            {'id': [1, 2]},
            {'nick': null}
        ]
    }
});

SQL:

SELECT `id`, `emp_id`, `nick`, `department`, `created_at`, `updated_at`
FROM `users` AS `user`
WHERE
NOT (
    `user`.`id` IN (1, 2) AND
    `user`.`nick` IS NULL
);

轉換規則

Sequelize對where配置的轉換規則的偽代碼大概如下:

function translate(where) {

    for (k, v of where) {

        if (k == 表字段) {
            // 先統一轉為操作符形式
            if (v == 基本值) { // k: 'xxx'
                v = {'$eq': v};
            }
            if (v == 數組) { // k: [1, 2, 3]
                v = {'$in': v};
            }

            // 操作符轉換
            for (opk, opv of v) {
                // op將opk轉換對應的SQL表示
                => k + op(opk, opv) + AND;
            }
        }

        // 邏輯操作符處理

        if (k == '$and') {
            for (item in v) {
                => translate(item) + AND;
            }
        }

        if (k == '$or') {
            for (item in v) {
                => translate(item) + OR;
            }
        }

        if (k == '$not') {
            NOT +
            for (item in v) {
                => translate(item) + AND;
            }
        }

    }

    function op(opk, opv) {
        switch (opk) {
            case $eq => ('=' + opv) || 'IS NULL';
            case $ne => ('!=' + opv) || 'IS NOT NULL';
            case $gt => '>' + opv;
            case $lt => '<' + opv;
            case $gte => '>=' + opv;
            case $lte => '<=' + opv;
            case $between => 'BETWEEN ' + opv[0] + ' AND ' + opv[1];
            case $notBetween => 'NOT BETWEEN ' + opv[0] + ' AND ' + opv[1];
            case $in => 'IN (' + opv.join(',') + ')';
            case $notIn => 'NOT IN (' + opv.join(',') + ')';
            case $like => 'LIKE ' + opv;
            case $notLike => 'NOT LIKE ' + opv;
        }
    }

}

一個復雜例子,基本上就是按上述流程來進行轉換。

Sequelize:

var users = yield User.findAll({
    'where': {
        'id': [3, 4],
        '$not': [
            {
                'id': {
                    '$in': [1, 2]
                }
            },
            {
                '$or': [
                    {'id': [1, 2]},
                    {'nick': null}
                ]
            }
        ],
        '$and': [
            {'id': [1, 2]},
            {'nick': null}
        ],
        '$or': [
            {'id': [1, 2]},
            {'nick': null}
        ]
    }
});

SQL:

SELECT `id`, `emp_id`, `nick`, `department`, `created_at`, `updated_at`
FROM `users` AS `user`
WHERE
    `user`.`id` IN (3, 4)
AND
NOT
(
    `user`.`id` IN (1, 2)
    AND
    (`user`.`id` IN (1, 2) OR `user`.`nick` IS NULL)
)
AND
(
    `user`.`id` IN (1, 2) AND `user`.`nick` IS NULL
)
AND
(
    `user`.`id` IN (1, 2) OR `user`.`nick` IS NULL
);

排序

Sequelize:

var users = yield User.findAll({
    'order': [
        ['id', 'DESC'],
        ['nick']
    ]
});

SQL:

SELECT `id`, `emp_id`, `nick`, `department`, `created_at`, `updated_at`
FROM `users` AS `user`
ORDER BY `user`.`id` DESC, `user`.`nick`;

分頁

Sequelize:

var countPerPage = 20, currentPage = 5;
var users = yield User.findAll({
    'limit': countPerPage,                      // 每頁多少條
    'offset': countPerPage * (currentPage - 1)  // 跳過多少條
});

SQL:

SELECT `id`, `emp_id`, `nick`, `department`, `created_at`, `updated_at`
FROM `users` AS `user`
LIMIT 80, 20;

查詢一條數據

Sequelize:

user = yield User.findById(1);

user = yield User.findOne({
    'where': {'nick': 'a'}
});

SQL:

SELECT `id`, `emp_id`, `nick`, `department`, `created_at`, `updated_at`
FROM `users` AS `user`
WHERE `user`.`id` = 1 LIMIT 1;

SELECT `id`, `emp_id`, `nick`, `department`, `created_at`, `updated_at`
FROM `users` AS `user`
WHERE `user`.`nick` = 'a' LIMIT 1;

查詢並獲取數量

Sequelize:

var result = yield User.findAndCountAll({
    'limit': 20,
    'offset': 0
});
console.log(result);//result.count是數據總數,result.rows是符合查詢條件的所有數據

SQL:

SELECT count(*) AS `count` FROM `users` AS `user`;

SELECT `id`, `emp_id`, `nick`, `department`, `created_at`, `updated_at`
FROM `users` AS `user`
LIMIT 20;

批量操作

插入

Sequelize:

var users = yield User.bulkCreate(
    [
        {'emp_id': 'a', 'nick': 'a'},
        {'emp_id': 'b', 'nick': 'b'},
        {'emp_id': 'c', 'nick': 'c'}
    ]
);

SQL:

INSERT INTO `users`
    (`id`,`emp_id`,`nick`,`created_at`,`updated_at`)
VALUES
    (NULL,'a','a','2015-11-03 02:43:30','2015-11-03 02:43:30'),
    (NULL,'b','b','2015-11-03 02:43:30','2015-11-03 02:43:30'),
    (NULL,'c','c','2015-11-03 02:43:30','2015-11-03 02:43:30');

這里需要注意,返回的users數組里面每個對象的id值會是null。
如果需要id值,可以重新取下數據。

更新

Sequelize:

var affectedRows = yield User.update(
    {'nick': 'hhhh'},
    {
        'where': {
            'id': [2, 3, 4]
        }
    }
);

SQL:

UPDATE `users`
SET `nick`='hhhh',`updated_at`='2015-11-03 02:51:05'
WHERE `id` IN (2, 3, 4);

這里返回的affectedRows其實是一個數組,里面只有一個元素,表示更新的數據條數

刪除

Sequelize:

var affectedRows = yield User.destroy({
    'where': {'id': [2, 3, 4]}
});

SQL:

DELETE FROM `users` WHERE `id` IN (2, 3, 4);

這里返回的affectedRows是一個數字,表示刪除的數據條數。

關系

一對一
模型定義

Sequelize:

var User = sequelize.define('user',
    {
        'emp_id': {
            'type': Sequelize.CHAR(10),
            'allowNull': false,
            'unique': true
        }
    }
);
var Account = sequelize.define('account',
    {
        'email': {
            'type': Sequelize.CHAR(20),
            'allowNull': false
        }
    }
);

/*
 * User的實例對象將擁有getAccount、setAccount、addAccount方法
 */
User.hasOne(Account);
/*
 * Account的實例對象將擁有getUser、setUser、addUser方法
 */
Account.belongsTo(User);

SQL:

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `users` (
    `id` INTEGER NOT NULL auto_increment ,
    `emp_id` CHAR(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
    `created_at` DATETIME NOT NULL,
    `updated_at` DATETIME NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `accounts` (
    `id` INTEGER NOT NULL auto_increment ,
    `email` CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    `created_at` DATETIME NOT NULL,
    `updated_at` DATETIME NOT NULL,
    `user_id` INTEGER,
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
    FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`) ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE CASCADE
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

可以看到,這種關系中外鍵user_id加在了Account上。
另外,Sequelize還生成了外鍵約束。
一般來說,外鍵約束在有些自己定制的數據庫系統里面是禁止的,因為會帶來一些性能問題。
所以,建表的SQL一般就去掉約束,同時給外鍵加一個索引(加速查詢),
數據的一致性就靠應用層來保證了。



Sequelize:

var user = yield User.create({'emp_id': '1'});
var account = user.createAccount({'email': 'a'});
console.log(account.get({'plain': true}));

SQL:

INSERT INTO `users`
(`id`,`emp_id`,`updated_at`,`created_at`)
VALUES
(DEFAULT,'1','2015-11-03 06:24:53','2015-11-03 06:24:53');

INSERT INTO `accounts`
(`id`,`email`,`user_id`,`updated_at`,`created_at`)
VALUES
(DEFAULT,'a',1,'2015-11-03 06:24:53','2015-11-03 06:24:53');

SQL執行邏輯是:
    使用對應的的user_id作為外鍵在accounts表里插入一條數據。
    


Sequelize:

var anotherAccount = yield Account.create({'email': 'b'});
console.log(anotherAccount);
anotherAccount = yield user.setAccount(anotherAccount);
console.log(anotherAccount);

SQL:

INSERT INTO `accounts`
(`id`,`email`,`updated_at`,`created_at`)
VALUES
(DEFAULT,'b','2015-11-03 06:37:14','2015-11-03 06:37:14');

SELECT `id`, `email`, `created_at`, `updated_at`, `user_id`
FROM `accounts` AS `account` WHERE (`account`.`user_id` = 1);

UPDATE `accounts` SET `user_id`=NULL,`updated_at`='2015-11-03 06:37:14' WHERE `id` = 1;
UPDATE `accounts` SET `user_id`=1,`updated_at`='2015-11-03 06:37:14' WHERE `id` = 2;

SQL執行邏輯是:

    插入一條account數據,此時外鍵user_id是空的,還沒有關聯user
    找出當前user所關聯的account並將其user_id置為`NUL(為了保證一對一關系)
    設置新的acount的外鍵user_id為user的屬性id,生成關系



Sequelize:

yield user.setAccount(null);

SQL:

SELECT `id`, `email`, `created_at`, `updated_at`, `user_id`
FROM `accounts` AS `account`
WHERE (`account`.`user_id` = 1);

UPDATE `accounts`
SET `user_id`=NULL,`updated_at`='2015-11-04 00:11:35'
WHERE `id` = 1;

這里的刪除實際上只是“切斷”關系,並不會真正的物理刪除記錄。

SQL執行邏輯是:
    找出user所關聯的account數據
    將其外鍵user_id設置為NULL,完成關系的“切斷”


情況1

查詢user的所有滿足條件的note數據。

Sequelize:

var notes = yield user.getNotes({
    'where': {
        'title': {
            '$like': '%css%'
        }
    }
});
notes.forEach(function(note) {
    console.log(note);
});

SQL:

SELECT `id`, `title`, `created_at`, `updated_at`, `user_id`
FROM `notes` AS `note`
WHERE (`note`.`user_id` = 1 AND `note`.`title` LIKE '%a%');

這種方法的SQL很簡單,直接根據user的id值來查詢滿足條件的note即可。

情況2

查詢所有滿足條件的note,同時獲取note屬於哪個user。

Sequelize:

var notes = yield Note.findAll({
    'include': [User],
    'where': {
        'title': {
            '$like': '%css%'
        }
    }
});
notes.forEach(function(note) {
    // note屬於哪個user可以通過note.user訪問
    console.log(note);
});

SQL:

SELECT `note`.`id`, `note`.`title`, `note`.`created_at`, `note`.`updated_at`, `note`.`user_id`,
`user`.`id` AS `user.id`, `user`.`emp_id` AS `user.emp_id`, `user`.`created_at` AS `user.created_at`, `user`.`updated_at` AS `user.updated_at`
FROM `notes` AS `note` LEFT OUTER JOIN `users` AS `user`
ON `note`.`user_id` = `user`.`id`
WHERE `note`.`title` LIKE '%css%';

這種方法,因為獲取的主體是note,所以將notes去left join了users。    

情況3

查詢所有滿足條件的user,同時獲取該user所有滿足條件的note。

Sequelize:

var users = yield User.findAll({
    'include': [Note],
    'where': {
        'created_at': {
            '$lt': new Date()
        }
    }
});
users.forEach(function(user) {
    // user的notes可以通過user.notes訪問
    console.log(user);
});

SQL:

SELECT `user`.`id`, `user`.`emp_id`, `user`.`created_at`, `user`.`updated_at`,
`notes`.`id` AS `notes.id`, `notes`.`title` AS `notes.title`, `notes`.`created_at` AS `notes.created_at`, `notes`.`updated_at` AS `notes.updated_at`, `notes`.`user_id` AS `notes.user_id`
FROM `users` AS `user` LEFT OUTER JOIN `notes` AS `notes`
ON `user`.`id` = `notes`.`user_id`
WHERE `user`.`created_at` < '2015-11-05 01:51:35';

這種方法獲取的主體是user,所以將users去left join了notes。


關於eager loading。
include里面傳遞的是去取相關模型,默認是取全部,也可以再對這個模型進行一層過濾。
Sequelize:

// 查詢創建時間在今天之前的所有user,同時獲取他們note的標題中含有關鍵字css的所有note
var users = yield User.findAll({
    'include': [
        {
            'model': Note,
            'where': {
                'title': {
                    '$like': '%css%'
                }
            }
        }
    ],
    'where': {
        'created_at': {
            '$lt': new Date()
        }
    }
});

SQL:

SELECT `user`.`id`, `user`.`emp_id`, `user`.`created_at`, `user`.`updated_at`,
`notes`.`id` AS `notes.id`, `notes`.`title` AS `notes.title`, `notes`.`created_at` AS `notes.created_at`, `notes`.`updated_at` AS `notes.updated_at`, `notes`.`user_id` AS `notes.user_id`
FROM `users` AS `user` INNER JOIN `notes` AS `notes`
ON `user`.`id` = `notes`.`user_id` AND `notes`.`title` LIKE '%css%'
WHERE `user`.`created_at` < '2015-11-05 01:58:31';

注意:當對include的模型加了where過濾時,會使用inner join來進行查詢,
這樣保證只有那些擁有標題含有css關鍵詞note的用戶才會返回。

多對多關系

模型定義

Sequelize:

var Note = sequelize.define('note',
    {
        'title': {
            'type': Sequelize.CHAR(64),
            'allowNull': false
        }
    }
);
var Tag = sequelize.define('tag',
    {
        'name': {
            'type': Sequelize.CHAR(64),
            'allowNull': false,
            'unique': true
        }
    }
);
var Tagging = sequelize.define('tagging',
    {
        'type': {
            'type': Sequelize.INTEGER(),
            'allowNull': false
        }
    }
);

// Note的實例擁有getTags、setTags、addTag、addTags、createTag、removeTag、hasTag方法
Note.belongsToMany(Tag, {'through': Tagging});
// Tag的實例擁有getNotes、setNotes、addNote、addNotes、createNote、removeNote、hasNote方法
Tag.belongsToMany(Note, {'through': Tagging});

SQL:

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `notes` (
    `id` INTEGER NOT NULL auto_increment ,
    `title` CHAR(64) NOT NULL,
    `created_at` DATETIME NOT NULL,
    `updated_at` DATETIME NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `tags` (
    `id` INTEGER NOT NULL auto_increment ,
    `name` CHAR(64) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
    `created_at` DATETIME NOT NULL,
    `updated_at` DATETIME NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `taggings` (
    `type` INTEGER NOT NULL,
    `created_at` DATETIME NOT NULL,
    `updated_at` DATETIME NOT NULL,
    `tag_id` INTEGER ,
    `note_id` INTEGER ,
    PRIMARY KEY (`tag_id`, `note_id`),
    FOREIGN KEY (`tag_id`) REFERENCES `tags` (`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE,
    FOREIGN KEY (`note_id`) REFERENCES `notes` (`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

多對多關系中單獨生成了一張關系表,並設置了2個外鍵tag_id和note_id來和tags和notes進行關聯。


方法1

Sequelize:

var note = yield Note.create({'title': 'note'});
yield note.createTag({'name': 'tag'}, {'type': 0});

SQL:

INSERT INTO `notes`
(`id`,`title`,`updated_at`,`created_at`)
VALUES
(DEFAULT,'note','2015-11-06 02:14:38','2015-11-06 02:14:38');

INSERT INTO `tags`
(`id`,`name`,`updated_at`,`created_at`)
VALUES
(DEFAULT,'tag','2015-11-06 02:14:38','2015-11-06 02:14:38');

INSERT INTO `taggings`
(`tag_id`,`note_id`,`type`,`created_at`,`updated_at`)
VALUES
(1,1,0,'2015-11-06 02:14:38','2015-11-06 02:14:38');

SQL執行邏輯:

    在notes表插入記錄

    在tags表中插入記錄

    使用對應的值設置外鍵tag_id和note_id以及關系模型本身需要的屬性(type: 0)在關系表tagging中插入記錄

關系表本身需要的屬性,通過傳遞一個額外的對象給設置方法來實現。

方法2

Sequelize:

var note = yield Note.create({'title': 'note'});
var tag = yield Tag.create({'name': 'tag'});
yield note.addTag(tag, {'type': 1});

SQL:

INSERT INTO `notes`
(`id`,`title`,`updated_at`,`created_at`)
VALUES
(DEFAULT,'note','2015-11-06 02:20:52','2015-11-06 02:20:52');

INSERT INTO `tags`
(`id`,`name`,`updated_at`,`created_at`)
VALUES
(DEFAULT,'tag','2015-11-06 02:20:52','2015-11-06 02:20:52');

INSERT INTO `taggings`
(`tag_id`,`note_id`,`type`,`created_at`,`updated_at`)
VALUES
(1,1,1,'2015-11-06 02:20:52','2015-11-06 02:20:52');

這種方法和上面的方法實際上是一樣的。只是先手動create了一個Tag模型。

方法3

Sequelize:

var note = yield Note.create({'title': 'note'});
var tag1 = yield Tag.create({'name': 'tag1'});
var tag2 = yield Tag.create({'name': 'tag2'});
yield note.addTags([tag1, tag2], {'type': 2});

SQL:

INSERT INTO `notes`
(`id`,`title`,`updated_at`,`created_at`)
VALUES
(DEFAULT,'note','2015-11-06 02:25:18','2015-11-06 02:25:18');

INSERT INTO `tags`
(`id`,`name`,`updated_at`,`created_at`)
VALUES
(DEFAULT,'tag1','2015-11-06 02:25:18','2015-11-06 02:25:18');

INSERT INTO `tags`
(`id`,`name`,`updated_at`,`created_at`)
VALUES
(DEFAULT,'tag2','2015-11-06 02:25:18','2015-11-06 02:25:18');

INSERT INTO `taggings` (`tag_id`,`note_id`,`type`,`created_at`,`updated_at`)
VALUES
(1,1,2,'2015-11-06 02:25:18','2015-11-06 02:25:18'),
(2,1,2,'2015-11-06 02:25:18','2015-11-06 02:25:18');

這種方法可以進行批量添加。當執行addTags時,實際上就是設置好對應的外鍵及關系模型本身的屬性,然后在關系表中批量的插入數據。



Sequelize:

// 先添加幾個tag
var note = yield Note.create({'title': 'note'});
var tag1 = yield Tag.create({'name': 'tag1'});
var tag2 = yield Tag.create({'name': 'tag2'});
yield note.addTags([tag1, tag2], {'type': 2});
// 將tag改掉
var tag3 = yield Tag.create({'name': 'tag3'});
var tag4 = yield Tag.create({'name': 'tag4'});
yield note.setTags([tag3, tag4], {'type': 3});

SQL:

/* 前面添加部分的sql,和上面一樣*/
INSERT INTO `notes`
(`id`,`title`,`updated_at`,`created_at`)
VALUES
(DEFAULT,'note','2015-11-06 02:25:18','2015-11-06 02:25:18');

INSERT INTO `tags`
(`id`,`name`,`updated_at`,`created_at`)
VALUES
(DEFAULT,'tag1','2015-11-06 02:25:18','2015-11-06 02:25:18');

INSERT INTO `tags`
(`id`,`name`,`updated_at`,`created_at`)
VALUES
(DEFAULT,'tag2','2015-11-06 02:25:18','2015-11-06 02:25:18');

INSERT INTO `taggings`
(`tag_id`,`note_id`,`type`,`created_at`,`updated_at`)
VALUES
(1,1,2,'2015-11-06 02:25:18','2015-11-06 02:25:18'),
(2,1,2,'2015-11-06 02:25:18','2015-11-06 02:25:18');

/* 更改部分的sql */
INSERT INTO `tags`
(`id`,`name`,`updated_at`,`created_at`)
VALUES
(DEFAULT,'tag3','2015-11-06 02:29:55','2015-11-06 02:29:55');

INSERT INTO `tags`
(`id`,`name`,`updated_at`,`created_at`)
VALUES
(DEFAULT,'tag4','2015-11-06 02:29:55','2015-11-06 02:29:55');

/* 先刪除關系 */
DELETE FROM `taggings`
WHERE `note_id` = 1 AND `tag_id` IN (1, 2);

/* 插入新關系 */
INSERT INTO `taggings`
(`tag_id`,`note_id`,`type`,`created_at`,`updated_at`)
VALUES
(3,1,3,'2015-11-06 02:29:55','2015-11-06 02:29:55'),
(4,1,3,'2015-11-06 02:29:55','2015-11-06 02:29:55');

執行邏輯是,先將tag1、tag2在關系表中的關系刪除,然后再將tag3、tag4對應的關系插入關系表。



Sequelize:

// 先添加幾個tag
var note = yield Note.create({'title': 'note'});
var tag1 = yield Tag.create({'name': 'tag1'});
var tag2 = yield Tag.create({'name': 'tag2'});
var tag3 = yield Tag.create({'name': 'tag2'});
yield note.addTags([tag1, tag2, tag3], {'type': 2});

// 刪除一個
yield note.removeTag(tag1);

// 全部刪除
yield note.setTags([]);

SQL:

/* 刪除一個 */
DELETE FROM `taggings` WHERE `note_id` = 1 AND `tag_id` IN (1);

/* 刪除全部 */
SELECT `type`, `created_at`, `updated_at`, `tag_id`, `note_id`
FROM `taggings` AS `tagging`
WHERE `tagging`.`note_id` = 1;

DELETE FROM `taggings` WHERE `note_id` = 1 AND `tag_id` IN (2, 3);

刪除一個很簡單,直接將關系表中的數據刪除。
全部刪除時,首先需要查出關系表中note_id對應的所有數據,然后一次刪掉。


情況1

查詢note所有滿足條件的tag。

Sequelize:

var tags = yield note.getTags({
    //這里可以對tags進行where
});
tags.forEach(function(tag) {
    // 關系模型可以通過tag.tagging來訪問
    console.log(tag);
});

SQL:

SELECT `tag`.`id`, `tag`.`name`, `tag`.`created_at`, `tag`.`updated_at`,
`tagging`.`type` AS `tagging.type`, `tagging`.`created_at` AS `tagging.created_at`, `tagging`.`updated_at` AS `tagging.updated_at`, `tagging`.`tag_id` AS `tagging.tag_id`, `tagging`.`note_id` AS `tagging.note_id`
FROM `tags` AS `tag`
INNER JOIN `taggings` AS `tagging`
ON
`tag`.`id` = `tagging`.`tag_id` AND `tagging`.`note_id` = 1;

可以看到這種查詢,就是執行一個inner join。

情況2

查詢所有滿足條件的tag,同時獲取每個tag所在的note。

Sequelize:

var tags = yield Tag.findAll({
    'include': [
        {
            'model': Note
            // 這里可以對notes進行where
        }
    ]
    // 這里可以對tags進行where
});
tags.forEach(function(tag) {
    // tag的notes可以通過tag.notes訪問,關系模型可以通過tag.notes[0].tagging訪問
    console.log(tag);
});

SQL:

SELECT `tag`.`id`, `tag`.`name`, `tag`.`created_at`, `tag`.`updated_at`,
`notes`.`id` AS `notes.id`, `notes`.`title` AS `notes.title`, `notes`.`created_at` AS `notes.created_at`, `notes`.`updated_at` AS `notes.updated_at`,
`notes.tagging`.`type` AS `notes.tagging.type`, `notes.tagging`.`created_at` AS `notes.tagging.created_at`, `notes.tagging`.`updated_at` AS `notes.tagging.updated_at`, `notes.tagging`.`tag_id` AS `notes.tagging.tag_id`, `notes.tagging`.`note_id` AS `notes.tagging.note_id`
FROM `tags` AS `tag`
LEFT OUTER JOIN
(
    `taggings` AS `notes.tagging` INNER JOIN `notes` AS `notes`
    ON
    `notes`.`id` = `notes.tagging`.`note_id`
)
ON `tag`.`id` = `notes.tagging`.`tag_id`;

首先是notes和taggings進行了一個inner join,選出notes;
然后tags和剛join出的集合再做一次left join,得到結果。

情況3

查詢所有滿足條件的note,同時獲取每個note所有滿足條件的tag。

Sequelize:

var notes = yield Note.findAll({
    'include': [
        {
            'model': Tag
            // 這里可以對tags進行where
        }
    ]
    // 這里可以對notes進行where
});
notes.forEach(function(note) {
    // note的tags可以通過note.tags訪問,關系模型通過note.tags[0].tagging訪問
    console.log(note);
});

SQL:

SELECT
`note`.`id`, `note`.`title`, `note`.`created_at`, `note`.`updated_at`,
`tags`.`id` AS `tags.id`, `tags`.`name` AS `tags.name`, `tags`.`created_at` AS `tags.created_at`, `tags`.`updated_at` AS `tags.updated_at`,
`tags.tagging`.`type` AS `tags.tagging.type`, `tags.tagging`.`created_at` AS `tags.tagging.created_at`, `tags.tagging`.`updated_at` AS `tags.tagging.updated_at`, `tags.tagging`.`tag_id` AS `tags.tagging.tag_id`, `tags.tagging`.`note_id` AS `tags.tagging.note_id`
FROM `notes` AS `note`
LEFT OUTER JOIN
(
    `taggings` AS `tags.tagging` INNER JOIN `tags` AS `tags`
    ON
    `tags`.`id` = `tags.tagging`.`tag_id`
)
ON
`note`.`id` = `tags.tagging`.`note_id`;

這個查詢和上面的查詢類似。
首先是tags和taggins進行了一個inner join,選出tags;
然后notes和剛join出的集合再做一次left join,得到結果。






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