淺談業務邏輯與數據訪問

前言

　　寫這篇博客只是發表個人的看法,探討如何搭建高效實用的框架,有不完善的地方可以留言補充.

正文

　　說起業務邏輯大家並不陌生,不管是簡單易懂的三層架構,還是復雜的DDD,都脫離不了業務邏輯,從字面意思理解,無非就是處理一些業務規則,這里不深究這些文字游戲,重點來說說我們工作中業務邏輯與數據的交互.

　　這里拿三層框架來舉例,UI,BLL,DAL,我們習慣把程序這樣划分,很多猿友認為BLL有點累贅,很通用的做法是在UI里直接訪問DAL,在DAL里編寫sql,來實現一個功能,咋一看上去功能確實ok,做WEB開發的猿友都知道核心功能往往只有那么一兩個,其它大多數都是簡單的增刪改查(分頁),60%的時間花費在前端數據的填充,30%的時間花費在DAL編寫sql,有些遠見的猿友會考慮到后期的維護,代碼的復用...然而在天朝,死道友不死貧道,為了自己不加班,往往會導致后面接手你項目的人通宵加班,這些都是后話了,隨着項目的越來越大,后期的拓展,慢慢發現前面有很多是曾相識的功能,這時候就會糾結,是重構還是在原有上面修改,因為不存在BLL,只能去重構或修改DAL里的sql語句,后期讓別人去維護這個項目會更糟.

　　如何搭建高效實用的框架,讓自己用的爽,讓別人維護的舒服?這里回歸BLL,常規的BLL直接拿DAL的數據返回給UI,看起來很弱,但是也屬於業務邏輯的一部分,就好比哈巴狗跟藏獒一樣,都是犬類,所以我把BLL分成兩塊,代碼如下

        #region ((((((((((((((((((((((數據操作))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

        /// <summary>
        /// 公共的操作數據庫方法,不可改變
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dto">dto參數集合</param>
        /// <param name="db">數據庫操作對象</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        #region //////////////公共方法區//////////////////////
        #region ================查詢======================
        public users GetModel(Dtb_Users dto,Database db = null)
        {
            return d_user.GetModel(dto,db);
        }
        public users GetModel(object id, Database db = null) 
        {
            if (db == null)
            {
                return d_user.Get(id);
            }
            else 
            {
                return d_user.Get(id, db);
            }
        }
        public List<users> GetList(Dtb_Users dto, Database db = null) 
        {
            return d_user.GetList(dto,db);
        }
        public DataTable GetTable(Dtb_Users dto, Database db = null) 
        {
            return d_user.GetTable(dto,db);
        }

        public bool Exists(int id, Database db = null) 
        {
            return d_user.Exists(id,db);
        }

        public int GetCount(Dtb_Users dto, Database db = null)
        {
            return d_user.GetCount(dto, db);
        }
        #endregion

        #region ================修改======================
        public bool Edit(users m_user,Database db = null) 
        {
            var res = d_user.Edit(m_user,db);
            return res.ToBool();
        }
        #endregion

        #region ================添加======================
        public int Add(users m_user, Database db = null) 
        {
            var res = d_user.Add(m_user,db);
            return res.ToInt32();
        }
        #endregion

        #region ================刪除======================
        public bool Del(object id, Database db = null) 
        {
            var res = d_user.Del(id,db);
            return res.ToBool();
        }
        #endregion

        #endregion


        /// <summary>
        /// 拓展方法由sql語法拼接而成,不依賴dto,更加的精簡,聯合查詢,主表對象必須是此model
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dto">dto參數集合</param>
        /// <param name="db">事務鎖</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        #region //////////////拓展方法區//////////////////////
        #region ================查詢======================

        #region ****************普通查詢**********************

        /// <summary>
        /// 查詢id
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="userName">用戶名</param>
        /// <param name="mobile">手機號</param>
        /// <param name="db">數據庫操作對象</param>
        /// <returns>id</returns>
        public int GetById(string userName,string mobile,Database db = null) 
        {
            if (db == null) db = this.db;
            string sql = "select id from dsxy_users where user_name=@0 and mobile=@1";
                DataTable dt = db.QueryTable(sql,userName,mobile);
                var res = dt.Rows[0][0];
                return res.ToInt32();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 查詢model
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="userName">用戶名</param>
        /// <param name="mobile">手機號</param>
        /// <param name="db">數據庫操作對象</param>
        /// <returns>m_user</returns>
        public DataTable GetModel(string userName, string mobile, Database db = null) 
        {
            if (db == null) db = this.db;
            string sql = "select id from dsxy_users where user_name=@0 and mobile=@1";
            DataTable dt = db.QueryTable(sql, userName,mobile);
            return dt;
        }
        #endregion

        #region ################關聯查詢#######################
        /// <summary>
        /// 查詢用戶等級
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="userName">用戶名</param>
        /// <param name="mobile">手機號</param>
        /// <param name="db">數據庫操作對象</param>
        /// <returns>用戶等級</returns>
        public string GetByGroup(string userName, string mobile, Database db = null)
        {
            if (db == null) db = this.db;
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            sb.Append("select g.title from dsxy_users u ");
            sb.Append("left join dsxy_user_groups g on u.group_id = g.id ");
            sb.Append("where u.user_name = @0 and u.mobile = @1 ");
            string sql = sb.ToString();
            DataTable dt = db.QueryTable(sql, userName,mobile);
            var res = dt.Rows[0][0];
            return res.ToString();
        }

        #endregion

        #endregion
        #region ================修改======================
        /// <summary>
        /// 修改用戶郵箱
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="userName">用戶名</param>
        /// <param name="mobile">手機號</param>
        /// <param name="email">新郵箱</param>
        /// <param name="db">數據庫操作對象</param>
        /// <returns>bool</returns>
        public bool EditEmail(string userName, string mobile,string email, Database db = null) 
        {
            if (db == null) db = this.db;
            string sql = "update dsxy_users set email=@0 where user_name = @1 and mobile = @2 ";
            var res = db.Execute(sql, email, userName, mobile);
            return res.ToBool();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 修改用戶登錄時間
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="id">用戶id</param>
        /// <param name="db"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool EditLoginTime(int id, Database db = null)
        {
            if (db == null) db = this.db;
            string sql = "update dsxy_users set logintime=@0 where id=@1 ";
            var res = db.Execute(sql, DateTime.Now, id);
            return res.ToBool();
        }
        #endregion
        #region ================添加======================

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加用戶(返回成功失敗)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="userName">用戶名</param>
        /// <param name="mobile">手機號</param>
        /// <param name="pwd">密碼</param>
        /// <param name="db">數據庫操作對象</param>
        /// <returns>用戶id</returns>
        public bool AddUser(string userName, string mobile, string pwd, Database db = null)
        {
            if (db == null) db = this.db;
            string sql = "insert into dsxy_users(user_name,mobile,password)values(@0,@1,@2)  ";
            var res = db.Execute(sql, userName, mobile,pwd);
            return res.ToBool();
        }

        #endregion
        #region ================刪除======================
        /// <summary>
        /// 刪除用戶
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="userName">用戶名</param>
        /// <param name="mobile">手機號</param>
        /// <param name="db">數據庫操作對象</param>
        /// <returns>bool</returns>
        public bool Del(string userName, string mobile,Database db = null)
        {
            if (db == null) db = this.db;
            string sql = "delete dsxy_users where user_name = @0 and mobile = @1 ";
            var res = db.Execute(sql, userName, mobile);
            return res.ToBool();
        }
        #endregion
        #endregion

        #endregion

        #region ((((((((((((((((((((((業務邏輯))))))))))))))))))))))))))))
        public string Login(string username, string userpwd, string code,string codes) 
        {
            Validation vali = new Validation();
            var res = vali.v_login(username, userpwd, code, codes);
            //記錄最近登錄時間,無ip驗證,單點登錄
            return res;
        }


        public users Login(string username, string userpwd) 
        {
            Common common = new Common();
            users m_user = d_user.GetModel(new Dsxy.DTO.Dtb_Users() { user_name = username, password = common.md5(userpwd) });//普通登錄
            if (m_user == null)
            {
                m_user = d_user.GetModel(new Dsxy.DTO.Dtb_Users() { mobile = username, password = common.md5(userpwd) });//手機號碼登陸
            }
            if (m_user != null) 
            {
                //保存用戶狀態
                Cookies.OYY_TOKEN = Rule.CreateToken(m_user.id);
            }
            return m_user;
        }



        public string m_Login(string mobile, string model_code) 
        {
            Validation vali = new Validation();
            var res = vali.v_m_login(mobile,model_code);
            if (res == "1") 
            {
                m_Login(mobile);
            }
            return res;
        }

        public users m_Login(string mobile) 
        {
            users m_user = d_user.GetModel(new Dsxy.DTO.Dtb_Users() { mobile = mobile });//手機號登錄
            if (m_user == null) 
            {
                //這里只需注冊邏輯(委托)
                Delegates.dg_register dg_reg = new Delegates.dg_register(register);
               int userid = dg_reg(mobile);
               m_user = GetModel(userid);
            }
            //保存用戶狀態
            Cookies.OYY_TOKEN = Rule.CreateToken(m_user.id);
            return m_user;
        }

        public string register(string username, string mobile, string code, string pwd, string pwds) 
        {
            Validation vali = new Validation();
            var res = vali.v_register(username, mobile,code,pwd,pwds);
            if (res == "1")
            {
                register(mobile);
            }
            return res;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 注冊邏輯,返回用戶id
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="mobile"></param>
        /// <param name="username"></param>
        /// <param name="pwd"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public int register(string mobile,string username = null, string pwd = null)
        {
            users m_user = new users();
            m_user.group_id = 1;
            Random r = new Random();
            var sjs = "oyy" + r.Next(1000, 9999).ToString();
            m_user.user_name = username.IsNull()?mobile:username;
            m_user.password = pwd;
            m_user.mobile = mobile;
            m_user.nick_name = username.IsNull() ? sjs : username;
            m_user.reg_time = DateTime.Now;
            m_user.reg_ip = common.Utils.getIp();
            m_user.LoginTime = DateTime.Now;
            var res = Add(m_user);
            if (res.ToBool()) 
            {
                //保存用戶狀態
                Cookies.OYY_TOKEN = Rule.CreateToken(m_user.id);
            }
            return res;
        }
        public string retrievepwd(string mobile, string code, string pwd, string pwds)
        {
            Validation vali = new Validation();
            var res = vali.v_retrievepwd(mobile, code, pwd, pwds);
            if (res == "1")
            {
                retrievepwd(mobile,pwd);
            }
            return res;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 找回密碼邏輯
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="mobile"></param>
        /// <param name="pwd"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool retrievepwd(string mobile,string pwd)
        {
           Common com = new Common();
           users m_user = GetModel(new Dtb_Users() { mobile = mobile });
           m_user.password = com.md5(pwd);
           var res = Edit(m_user);
           return res;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取用戶登錄對象,沒有則返回null
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public users GetUser() 
        {
            Validation b_vali = new Validation();
            users m_user = b_vali.v_Authorization();
            return m_user;
        }
        #endregion

 第一塊是數據操作,數據操作分兩個區域,公共方法區(封裝了操作DAL的一些公共方法,增刪改查 分頁 排序),拓展方法區(可以通過手動編寫sql來實現一些復雜的sql操作),這里的底層我使用的是PetaPoco,感興趣的可以去學習下,還是非常便捷的,DAL我根據PetaPoco進行了一些拓展,讓它能夠更友好的調用PetaPoco,新增了一個層DTO(一個參數列表,每個Model都有一個與它對應的DTO,BLL,DAL),為此我特意寫了一套簡單的生成模板代碼,可以根據表直接生成DTO,BLL,DAL,Model.

第二塊是業務邏輯,UI需要操作哪些數據,我們就寫對應的方法就可以了,這里的方法只是單純的訪問數據,遇到復雜邏輯注意要寫事務,在關聯的主表的BLL里面寫對應的方法,調用別的BLL里的一些邏輯方法,讓每個BLL職責單一

流程如下:UI調用BLL的業務邏輯function,BLL的業務邏輯function調用BLL的數據訪問function

當框架搭好之后(基本都是直接生成),工作的時間花費30%為前端,60%為業務邏輯,后期的拓展也只是新增業務邏輯里的function即可!