refer to...和refer to...as...本來就是refer的兩個固定搭配,這個只能講講后兩者用法,剩下的就是單獨的refer的用法了.
1. refer to sb/sth 指的是/提到/說到/論及/涉及...；參考/參閱...
His name was referred to at the meeting. 他的名字在會議中被提及.
Please refer to the dictionary if you don't know the words. 如果你不認識單詞,請查閱字典.
Are you referring to me? 你指/說的是我嗎?
2. refer sb/sth to sb/sth 讓某人參考/參閱某物；叫某人去某處；把某物托付給某人
For detail, I refer you to the papers I handed to you. 詳情請參閱我交給你的文件.
He referred the student to the counselor. 他叫那名學生去找輔導員.
The problem was referred to the committee. 該問題已交付給委員會處理.
3. refer to...as... 將...稱為...
California is referred to as the 'Golden State'. 加利福尼亞州被稱為“黃金之州”.
What I laughingly refer to as my garden is a corner lot by our postage-stamp size house. 我戲稱為花園的地方，是我們家那豆腐塊大小的屋子旁邊的一個犄角旮旯。
They also refer to as around - like soft. 他們也會如繞指般的溫柔.
The people we refer to as Net Worms are addicted to the Internet. 所謂網蟲,就是上網上癮的人.